# Compiling and Installing

## 1. Prerequisites for building

### 1.1 General

#### Build system

- Meson is required when building on *nix platforms and on Windows.

- Android Build system when building as native Android component. Meson is used when building ARC.

#### Compiler

The following compilers are known to work, if you know of others or you’re willing to maintain support for other compiler get in touch.

- GCC 8.0.0 or later (some parts of Mesa may require later versions)

- Clang 5.0 or later (some parts of Mesa may require later versions)

- Microsoft Visual C++ compiler - Windows SDK of at least 20348 is required - Visual Studio 2022 version 17.9 or later for (ARM, AARCH64, ARM64EC, X86, X64)

#### Third party/extra tools.

- Python - Python 3.10 or newer is required.

- Python package `packaging` is required on Python 3.12+: `pip install packaging`

- Python Mako module - Python Mako module is required. Version 0.8.0 or later should work.

- Lex / Yacc - for building the Mesa IR and GLSL compiler.

  > On Linux systems, Flex and Bison versions 2.5.35 and 2.4.1, respectively, (or later) should work. On Windows with MinGW, install Flex and Bison with:

  >     mingw-get install msys-flex msys-bison

  > For MSVC on Windows, install Win flex-bison.

Note

Some versions can be buggy (e.g. Flex 2.6.2) so do try others if things fail.

### 1.2 Requirements

The requirements depends on the features selected at configure stage. Check/install the respective development package as prompted by the configure error message.

Here are some common ways to retrieve most/all of the dependencies based on the packaging tool used by your distribution.

    zypper source-install --build-deps-only Mesa # openSUSE/SLED/SLES
    yum-builddep mesa # yum Fedora, OpenSuse(?)
    dnf builddep mesa # dnf Fedora
    apt-get build-dep mesa # Debian and derivatives
    ... # others

## 2. Building with meson

Meson is the latest build system in mesa, it is currently able to build for *nix systems like Linux and BSD, macOS, Haiku, and Windows.

The general approach is:

    meson setup builddir/
    meson compile -C builddir/
    sudo meson install -C builddir/

On Windows you can also use the Visual Studio backend

    meson setup builddir --backend=vs
    cd builddir
    msbuild mesa.sln /m

Please read the detailed meson instructions for more information

## 3. Running against a local build (easy way)

It’s often necessary or useful when debugging driver issues or testing new branches to run against a local build of Mesa without doing a system-wide install. Meson has built-in support for this with its `devenv` subcommand:

    meson devenv -C builddir glxinfo

This will run the given command against the build in `builddir`. Note that meson will `chdir` into the directory first, so any relative paths in the command line will be relative to `builddir` which may not be what you expect.

## 4. Running against a local build (hard way)

If you prefer you can configure your test environment manually. To do this, choose a temporary location for the install. A directory called `installdir` inside your mesa tree is as good as anything. All of the commands below will assume `$MESA_INSTALLDIR` is an absolute path to this location.

First, configure Mesa and install in the temporary location:

    meson setup builddir/ -Dprefix="$MESA_INSTALLDIR" OTHER_OPTIONS
    meson install -C builddir/

where `OTHER_OPTIONS` is replaced by any meson configuration options you may want. For instance, if you want to build the LLVMpipe drivers, it would look like this:

    meson setup builddir/ -Dprefix="$MESA_INSTALLDIR" \
       -Dgallium-drivers=llvmpipe -Dvulkan-drivers=swrast
    meson install -C builddir/

Once Mesa has built and installed to `$MESA_INSTALLDIR`, you can run any app against your temporary install by setting the right environment variables. Which variable you have to set depends on the API.

### OpenGL

    LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$MESA_INSTALLDIR/lib64" glxinfo

You may need to use `lib` instead of `lib64` on some systems or a full library specifier on Debian. Look inside `installdir` for the directory that contains `libGL.so` and use that one.

### Vulkan

    VK_DRIVER_FILES="$MESA_INSTALLDIR/share/vulkan/icd.d/my_icd.json" vulkaninfo

where `my_icd.json` is replaced with the actual ICD json file name. This will depend on your driver. For instance, the 64-bit Lavapipe driver ICD file is named `lvp_icd.x86_64.json`.

### OpenCL

    OCL_ICD_VENDORS="$MESA_INSTALLDIR/etc/OpenCL/vendors" clinfo

Unlike Vulkan, OpenCL takes a path to the whole `vendors` folder and will enumerate any drivers found there.

### Troubleshooting local builds

If you are trying to run an app against a local build and it’s not working, here are a few things to check:

> 1. Double-check your paths and try with the simplest app you can. Before banging your head on a Steam game, make sure your path works with `glxgears` first.

> 2. Watch out for wrapper scripts. Some more complex apps such as games have big start-up scripts. Sometimes those scripts scrub the environment or set `LD_LIBRARY_PATH` to something in the game’s install directory.

> 3. Is your Mesa build the same arch as your app? Lots of games are still 32-bit and your Mesa build is probably 64-bit by default.

> 4. 32 and 64-bit builds in the same local install directory doesn’t typically work. Distributions go to great lengths to make this work in your system install and it’s hard to get it right for a local install. If you’ve recently built 64-bit and are now building 32-bit, throw away the install directory first to prevent conflicts.

## 5. Building with AOSP (Android)

See detailed Android instructions.

## 6. Library Information

When compilation has finished, look in the top-level `lib/` (or `lib64/`) directory. You’ll see a set of library files similar to this:

    lrwxrwxrwx    1 brian    users          10 Mar 26 07:53 libGL.so -> libGL.so.1*
    lrwxrwxrwx    1 brian    users          19 Mar 26 07:53 libGL.so.1 -> libGL.so.1.5.060100*
    -rwxr-xr-x    1 brian    users     3375861 Mar 26 07:53 libGL.so.1.5.060100*

libGL is the main OpenGL library (i.e. Mesa).

If you built the DRI hardware drivers, you’ll also see the DRI drivers:

    -rwxr-xr-x   1 brian users 16895413 Jul 21 12:11 i915_dri.so
    -rwxr-xr-x   1 brian users 16895413 Jul 21 12:11 i965_dri.so
    -rwxr-xr-x   1 brian users 11849858 Jul 21 12:12 r200_dri.so
    -rwxr-xr-x   1 brian users 11757388 Jul 21 12:12 radeon_dri.so

If you built with Gallium support, look in lib/gallium/ for Gallium-based versions of libGL and device drivers.

## 7. Building OpenGL programs with pkg-config

Running `meson install` will install package configuration files for the pkg-config utility.

When compiling your OpenGL application you can use pkg-config to determine the proper compiler and linker flags.

For example, compiling and linking a GLUT application can be done with:

    gcc `pkg-config --cflags --libs glut` mydemo.c -o mydemo