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There has been some discussion among the AD's and the WG chairs of the FAX 
WG and Patrick myself whether there has been sufficient cross review of the 
attached document.

I have privately informed the AD" that this document was well known to the 
ENUM WG and that we certainly approved of its advancement.

If there is a problem ..speak now or tomorrow at 9 AM.

#########

IFAX service of ENUM
<draft-ietf-fax-faxservice-enum-01.txt>

Status: Proposed Standard

Summary:
      This document describes the functional specification
      and the definition of the ENUM NAPTR record, for IFax
      service. IFax is "Facsimile using Internet Mail".  For
      this use, the DNS returns the email address of the
      referenced IFax system. This mechanism allows email-based
      fax communication to use telephone numbers, rather than
      requiring that the sender already know the recipient
      email address.

Working Group Last Call Result:
At San Francisco's meeting our WG agreed to the content.
The I-D was submitted for IETF-FAX WG Last Call on April 11.
During WG LC period, there were no comments.
It sucessfully finished on April 30.

...............


 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Richard Shockey, Senior Manager, Strategic Technology Initiatives
NeuStar Inc.
46000 Center Oak Plaza  -   Sterling, VA  20166
sip:rshockey(at)iptel.org   ENUM +87810-13313-31331
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<http://www.neustar.biz> ; <http://www.enum.org>
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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Tue Mar  2 11:41:38 2004
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Subject: Re: [Enum] Additional Agenda item for Tomorrow
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Hi Folks,
   this looks fine to me - as it did when I first looked at it.

I note in passing how long this has been hanging around dependent
on the perpetually draft 2916bis (It refers to rfc2916bis-04, so
we can guess :).

One slight point for the Author's 48 - In the references section
is mention of the "Full-mode Fax Profile for Internet Mail" draft
which was probably current when this ifax enumservice draft was issued.
Has this been updated/made into an RFC in the interim? It's a minor
point, as there is no actual reference in the body text to this.
Whilst we're on nits, the [KEYWORDS] reference isn't spelt out.

atb,
   Lawrence

On 2 Mar 2004, at 5:53 am, Richard Shockey wrote:

>
> There has been some discussion among the AD's and the WG chairs of the 
> FAX WG and Patrick myself whether there has been sufficient cross 
> review of the attached document.
>
> I have privately informed the AD" that this document was well known to 
> the ENUM WG and that we certainly approved of its advancement.
>
> If there is a problem ..speak now or tomorrow at 9 AM.
>
> #########
>
> IFAX service of ENUM
> <draft-ietf-fax-faxservice-enum-01.txt>
>
> Status: Proposed Standard
>
> Summary:
>      This document describes the functional specification
>      and the definition of the ENUM NAPTR record, for IFax
>      service. IFax is "Facsimile using Internet Mail".  For
>      this use, the DNS returns the email address of the
>      referenced IFax system. This mechanism allows email-based
>      fax communication to use telephone numbers, rather than
>      requiring that the sender already know the recipient
>      email address.
>
> Working Group Last Call Result:
> At San Francisco's meeting our WG agreed to the content.
> The I-D was submitted for IETF-FAX WG Last Call on April 11.
> During WG LC period, there were no comments.
> It sucessfully finished on April 30.
>
> ...............
>
>
> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> Richard Shockey, Senior Manager, Strategic Technology Initiatives
> NeuStar Inc.
> 46000 Center Oak Plaza  -   Sterling, VA  20166
> sip:rshockey(at)iptel.org   ENUM +87810-13313-31331
> PSTN Office +1 571.434.5651 PSTN Mobile: +1 703.593.2683,  Fax: +1 
> 815.333.1237
> <mailto:richard(at)shockey.us> or 
> <mailto:richard.shockey(at)neustar.biz>
> <http://www.neustar.biz> ; <http://www.enum.org>
> <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> enum mailing list
> enum@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/enum
>

_______________________________________________
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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Wed Mar  3 02:04:45 2004
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Hi folks,

I'm Kazunori Fujiwara from JPRS.

Today's my slides are on my web page:
	http://member.wide.ad.jp/~fujiwara/enum/

There are also my ENUM library ENUM.pm.
(this code is under constuction)

--
Fujiwara, Kazunori	JPRS

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its a commercial product available from

http://www.despair.com




 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Richard Shockey, Senior Manager, Strategic Technology Initiatives
NeuStar Inc.
46000 Center Oak Plaza  -   Sterling, VA  20166
sip:rshockey(at)iptel.org   sip:57141@fwd.pulver.com
ENUM +87810-13313-31331
PSTN Office +1 571.434.5651 PSTN Mobile: +1 703.593.2683,  Fax: +1 815.333.1237
<mailto:richard(at)shockey.us> or <mailto:richard.shockey(at)neustar.biz>
<http://www.neustar.biz> ; <http://www.enum.org>
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Given the strong interest in the presentations given today, I've taken the 
liberty of ZIPing them up making them available early to those of you who 
are interested.

http://www.shockey.us/enum/IETF59_ENUMWG_presentations.zip




 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Richard Shockey, Senior Manager, Strategic Technology Initiatives
NeuStar Inc.
46000 Center Oak Plaza  -   Sterling, VA  20166
sip:rshockey(at)iptel.org   sip:57141@fwd.pulver.com
ENUM +87810-13313-31331
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To: fujiwara@jprs.co.jp, enum@ietf.org
From: Richard Shockey <richard@shockey.us>
Subject: Oh Larry -  [Enum] ietf59 slides: ETJP and exeriences
Cc: lwc@roke.co.uk
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At 01:59 AM 3/3/2004, you wrote:

Larry .. it is the will and order  :-)  of the WG that you and Fujiwara-san 
collaborate on further iterations of the Implementations issues draft.

It is now a official WG document and in the future should be submitted as 
such..

JPRS discovered several other problems that need to be addressed ... in the 
next rev what I would suggest is that you detail each problem and then 
discuss action items for authors, workarounds or proposed solutions to each 
problem identified and we can then discuss them on the list.

For instance on the issue of ORDER vs PRECEDENCE ..state clearly that it is 
RECOMMEDED implementors should fix ORDER of all ENUM service fields to 100 
and sort on precedence etc.

repeat the format on the the issue of case insensitivity etc ..


>Hi folks,
>
>I'm Kazunori Fujiwara from JPRS.
>
>Today's my slides are on my web page:
>         http://member.wide.ad.jp/~fujiwara/enum/
>
>There are also my ENUM library ENUM.pm.
>(this code is under constuction)


 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Richard Shockey, Senior Manager, Strategic Technology Initiatives
NeuStar Inc.
46000 Center Oak Plaza  -   Sterling, VA  20166
sip:rshockey(at)iptel.org   sip:57141@fwd.pulver.com
ENUM +87810-13313-31331
PSTN Office +1 571.434.5651 PSTN Mobile: +1 703.593.2683,  Fax: +1 815.333.1237
<mailto:richard(at)shockey.us> or <mailto:richard.shockey(at)neustar.biz>
<http://www.neustar.biz> ; <http://www.enum.org>
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<


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Subject: Re: Oh Larry -  [Enum] ietf59 slides: ETJP and exeriences
Date: Wed, 3 Mar 2004 16:55:52 +0900
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Michael and I have already sync:ed to start allocating time working on 
this document (and update/clarifications). We would like you to merge 
your document with the Japanese ENUM findings first though. Let us know 
when we can take over the "pen".

    paf

On 2004-03-03, at 16.43, Richard Shockey wrote:

> At 01:59 AM 3/3/2004, you wrote:
>
> Larry .. it is the will and order  :-)  of the WG that you and 
> Fujiwara-san collaborate on further iterations of the Implementations 
> issues draft.
>
> It is now a official WG document and in the future should be submitted 
> as such..
>
> JPRS discovered several other problems that need to be addressed ... 
> in the next rev what I would suggest is that you detail each problem 
> and then discuss action items for authors, workarounds or proposed 
> solutions to each problem identified and we can then discuss them on 
> the list.
>
> For instance on the issue of ORDER vs PRECEDENCE ..state clearly that 
> it is RECOMMEDED implementors should fix ORDER of all ENUM service 
> fields to 100 and sort on precedence etc.
>
> repeat the format on the the issue of case insensitivity etc ..
>
>
>> Hi folks,
>>
>> I'm Kazunori Fujiwara from JPRS.
>>
>> Today's my slides are on my web page:
>>         http://member.wide.ad.jp/~fujiwara/enum/
>>
>> There are also my ENUM library ENUM.pm.
>> (this code is under constuction)
>
>
> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> Richard Shockey, Senior Manager, Strategic Technology Initiatives
> NeuStar Inc.
> 46000 Center Oak Plaza  -   Sterling, VA  20166
> sip:rshockey(at)iptel.org   sip:57141@fwd.pulver.com
> ENUM +87810-13313-31331
> PSTN Office +1 571.434.5651 PSTN Mobile: +1 703.593.2683,  Fax: +1 
> 815.333.1237
> <mailto:richard(at)shockey.us> or 
> <mailto:richard.shockey(at)neustar.biz>
> <http://www.neustar.biz> ; <http://www.enum.org>
> <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> enum mailing list
> enum@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/enum
>


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Date: Mon, 08 Mar 2004 10:20:50 -0500
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Subject: [Enum] Last Call on Presence enumservice field
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It was the consensus of the WG in Seoul that we proceed to last call with 
this document.

The intent of the last call is to solicit comments before submitting the ID 
to the IESG as a Proposed Standard.

The purpose of a working group Last Call is in the style of "speak now or
forever hold your peace" in case there are fundamental objections which have
not gotten previous or adequate discussion, or minor errors which need
correction.

Work group last call will extend for 2 weeks from today March 8  to at 
least March 22 though we can modify that if new issues come up.

Title                        : Enumservice Registration for Presence Services
         Author(s)       : J. Peterson
         Filename        : draft-ietf-enum-pres-00.txt
         Pages           : 8
         Date            : 2003-12-18

This document registers an ENUM service for presence services (as
    described in RFC2778 [2]) pursuant to the guidelines in RFC2916bis
    [1].  Specifically, this document focuses on provisioning pres URIs
    in ENUM.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-enum-pres-00.txt



 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Richard Shockey, Senior Manager, Strategic Technology Initiatives
NeuStar Inc.
46000 Center Oak Plaza  -   Sterling, VA  20166
sip:rshockey(at)iptel.org   sip:57141@fwd.pulver.com
ENUM +87810-13313-31331
PSTN Office +1 571.434.5651 PSTN Mobile: +1 703.593.2683,  Fax: +1 815.333.1237
<mailto:richard(at)shockey.us> or <mailto:richard.shockey(at)neustar.biz>
<http://www.neustar.biz> ; <http://www.enum.org>
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<


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>X-Authentication-Warning: above.proper.com: majordom set sender to 
>owner-ietf-fax@mail.imc.org using -f
>To: IETF-Announce: ;
>Cc: ietf-fax@imc.org
>From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
>Reply-to: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
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>
>A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts 
>directories.
>This draft is a work item of the Internet Fax Working Group of the IETF.
>
>         Title           : IFAX service of ENUM
>         Author(s)       : K. Toyoda, D. Crocker
>         Filename        : draft-ietf-fax-faxservice-enum-02.txt
>         Pages           : 0
>         Date            : 2004-3-9
>
>This document describes the functional specification
>and the definition of the ENUM NAPTR record, for IFax
>service. IFax is 'Facsimile using Internet Mail'.  For
>this use, the DNS returns the email address of the
>referenced IFax system. This mechanism allows email-based
>fax communication to use telephone numbers, rather than
>requiring that the sender already know the recipient
>email address.
>
>A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
>http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-fax-faxservice-enum-02.txt
>
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>
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 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Richard Shockey, Senior Manager, Strategic Technology Initiatives
NeuStar Inc.
46000 Center Oak Plaza  -   Sterling, VA  20166
sip:rshockey(at)iptel.org   sip:57141@fwd.pulver.com
ENUM +87810-13313-31331
PSTN Office +1 571.434.5651 PSTN Mobile: +1 703.593.2683,  Fax: +1 815.333.1237
<mailto:richard(at)shockey.us> or <mailto:richard.shockey(at)neustar.biz>
<http://www.neustar.biz> ; <http://www.enum.org>
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<


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Subject: Re: [Enum] Last Call on Presence enumservice field
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Some comments on the draft:

1. The abstract includes references to rfc2778 and rfc2916bis. I believe 
that you are not allowed to have references in an abstract, since the 
abstract frequently appears in isolation, without the rest of the 
document (see http://www.ietf.org/ID-nits.html).

> ENUM exists primarily to facilitate
>    the interconnection of systems that rely on telephone numbers with
>    those that use URIs to route transactions.

Nit: URIs don't do routing. They're names. Suggest: ".. that use URIs to 
identify resources."

> The IMPP WG of the IETF has a defined a generic URI used to identify
>    a presence service for a particular resource: the 'pres' URI scheme
>    (defined in CPP [4]).  This document describes an enumservice for
>    advertising presence information associated with an E.164 number.

Nit: I'm not a fan of naming working groups in standards document, since 
standards frequently persist beyond the group itself. I would suggest: 
"The Common Profile for Presence (CPP) [4] defines the 'pres' URI scheme 
for identifying a presence resource".

> The presence information that is shared varies by communications
>    service.  The IETF IMPP WG has defined a Presence Information Data
>    Format (or PIDF [6]) for describing the presence data associated with
>    a presentity. 

same comment as above.


> The scheme of the URI that will appear in the regexp field of a NAPTR
>    record using the 'E2U+pres' enumservice will be the 'pres' URI
>    scheme.  There are, however, other URI schemes that can be used to
>    identify presence services. 

Its unclear from this text whether the URI MUST be a pres URI, or just 
SHOULD be a pres URI, and therefore a SIP URI, for example, would be OK.


> However, revealing a pres URI in and of itself is unlikely to
>    introduce many privacy concerns (although depending on the structure
>    of the URI, it might reveal the full name or employer of the target).

I think its worth saying that, in cases where this bit is a security 
concern (revealing the full name or employer of the target), anonymized 
URIs can be used to avoid such disclosure.

> References

This section is not split into normative and informative. I'm assuming 
that this specification is targeted for PS and not informational, right?


Thanks,
Jonathan R.

Richard Shockey wrote:

> 
> It was the consensus of the WG in Seoul that we proceed to last call 
> with this document.
> 
> The intent of the last call is to solicit comments before submitting the 
> ID to the IESG as a Proposed Standard.
> 
> The purpose of a working group Last Call is in the style of "speak now or
> forever hold your peace" in case there are fundamental objections which 
> have
> not gotten previous or adequate discussion, or minor errors which need
> correction.
> 
> Work group last call will extend for 2 weeks from today March 8  to at 
> least March 22 though we can modify that if new issues come up.
> 
> Title                        : Enumservice Registration for Presence 
> Services
>         Author(s)       : J. Peterson
>         Filename        : draft-ietf-enum-pres-00.txt
>         Pages           : 8
>         Date            : 2003-12-18
> 
> This document registers an ENUM service for presence services (as
>    described in RFC2778 [2]) pursuant to the guidelines in RFC2916bis
>    [1].  Specifically, this document focuses on provisioning pres URIs
>    in ENUM.
> 
> A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-enum-pres-00.txt
> 
> 
> 
>  >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> Richard Shockey, Senior Manager, Strategic Technology Initiatives
> NeuStar Inc.
> 46000 Center Oak Plaza  -   Sterling, VA  20166
> sip:rshockey(at)iptel.org   sip:57141@fwd.pulver.com
> ENUM +87810-13313-31331
> PSTN Office +1 571.434.5651 PSTN Mobile: +1 703.593.2683,  Fax: +1 
> 815.333.1237
> <mailto:richard(at)shockey.us> or <mailto:richard.shockey(at)neustar.biz>
> <http://www.neustar.biz> ; <http://www.enum.org>
> <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> enum mailing list
> enum@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/enum
> 

-- 
Jonathan D. Rosenberg, Ph.D.                600 Lanidex Plaza
Chief Technology Officer                    Parsippany, NJ 07054-2711
dynamicsoft
jdrosen@dynamicsoft.com                     FAX:   (973) 952-5050
http://www.jdrosen.net                      PHONE: (973) 952-5000
http://www.dynamicsoft.com

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If there are any additions or corrections let me know...


Telephone Number Mapping WG (enum)

Wednesday, March 3 at 0900-1130
===============================

CHAIRS: Patrik Faltstrom <paf@cisco.com>
               Richard Shockey <rich.shockey@neustar.biz>

SCRIBE: Spencer Dawkins <mcsr-labs.org>


AGENDA:

AGENDA BASHING (5 min)  ( appointment of scribe etc)

Status of 2916bis ... Allison Mankin Transport AD

- problem with IANA - and our relationship is not formal, no contract with 
us, just handshake agreements
- they have a very significant staffing problem with a huge backlog.
- IESG made a list - high delay, extremely high backlog, high priority was 
so backlogged that they had a hard time prioritizing
- 2916bis is part of the backlog
- no tracker in place today (as we have with I-D trackers)
- we started this action before the document was approved, but had no way 
to know there was a problem
- if registries are being blocked, please let us know so we can prioritize
- all the registration documents are blocked - iFax, VPIM, at least six 
documents
- today's presentations are about services that are rolling out now - what 
else do we need to say?
- registries acting in faith that I-Ds will not change before RFC publication
-
ACTION ITEM_
- chairs to send a formal letter to IESG - please provide inputs to this letter
- revs of other services - get them in sooner, rather than later, OK?

IFAX Registration - Richard Shockey- Claudio Allocchio Fax WG co-chair

- this document also in the IANA queue
- any difficulties with this document?
- Claudio - security and privacy sections very skinny - should we expand 
this stuff or leave it and point elsewhere?
- web and FT documents contained all considerations
- IFAX should match these documents - is this a simple revision, or harder?

CONSENSUS
any objections to this document? none in the room

- chair preference is to add this text and send it to the IESG
- editors say no problem adding this text
- no last call required

- Allison - document user interested in fax, not other services, not going 
to look at an H.323 document for these sections
- bits are free

A. Discussion of  Jon Peterson's presence document ... (10 m)

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-enum-pres-00.txt

- not a lot of feedback received so far - want more
- adds a pres: URI scheme, resolves to XMPP, SIMPLE, etc. - presence 
protocol-independent
- PSTN telephones still need work (states, location attributions) - 
especially for wireless
- not a lot of changes since initial draft (name change plus references update
- James - what is XMPP status now? RFC? still an I-D, but have been 
approved by IESG
- what about press: schema? Also passed IESG, some time back
- move forward to WGLC? any objection? Is this urgently needed? it is 
implemented, will move forward.

CONSENSUS - GO TO LAST CALL

B. A report on the results of the ETSI ENUM Plugtest Workshop (R. 
Stastny  15 M)

- last week, hosted by ETSI, 55 attendees (lower because of 3GPP conflicts, 
etc.)
- presentations available at ETSI website
- spent time on both user ENUM and carrier ENUM
- 14 presentations on user ENUM
- privacy and data security viewed as more critical than regulatory issues 
for ENUM rollout
- no "killer application", but strong focus for VoIP
- 4 presentations on carrier ENUM
- huge number of possible implementations, including MMSC, SMSC, SMPP 
gateway, MSSP, HLR/HSS, ...)
- Verisign presentation focused on registries and registry interworking.
- applications/implementations vary more widely than user ENUM
- two Plugfests upcoming, in October and late November/early December
- Plugfests and related workshops are open to anyone, not just ETSI members
- www.etsi.org/plugtests for details

C. A report on APRICOT ENUM BoF  (J Seng 10M)

- ENUM/SIP BoF last week
- James focused on TWNIC trials (other participants presenting separately)
- regulators have allocated 0944 for trials, but production SIP/ENUM using 
unofficial block(?) of 070
- 802.11b SIP phones for 50 dollars, also being distributed with two-year 
contract commitments to carriers
- 64111 allocated (10,000 numbers), with no telco involvement
- all countries eager to do trials, but ENUMs mean different things to 
different people
- have issues getting e164-arpa to work under delegation - operating under 
ccTLD for now
- forming Asia Pacific ENUM Technical Forum, details by July timeframe
- what are regulator difficulties? vary by country. Helps if you work in 
the same building as regulators. Ongoing discussions with regulators in 
China and Japan.
- Taiwan is a special case (86 not in ITU tables at all)

D. CN-NIC focussing their ENUM trials in China  (15M Sheldon Lee)

- 80M Internet users in China, 260M mobile phones, 255M fixed phones at 
yearend 2003
- trials started in July 2001, 6.8.e164.arpa delegation in September 2002, 
opened for public testing in December 2003, performance testing in 
September 2003
- 3-tier ENUM resolution in China, registration plan studied but not completed
- 7741 queries in February 2004 (after spring festival in January)
- 260 users and 520 ENUMs registrations
- ENUM trial platform includes SIP UAs, IP/GSTN gateway, ENUM-enabled SIP 
proxy, only ENUM users can register SIP account
- ENUM server pressure is how to support large number of queries with 
dynamic update
- 94% query responses with 2-second latency when not using caching
- participating in both ITU-T and IETF ENUM, and in several workshops
- promotion of ENUM/SIP in China is big challenge - no Internet phone 
license issued for end users in China
- what service is most beneficial in China? SIP registration, exchange ENUM 
in browser address bar
- finished with SIP call to person in the second row of audience, and to 
China ("hello to IETF")

E. JP-NIC discussing ENUM in Japan
    ETJP(Enum Trial Japan) web page is http://etjp.jp/english/ (15M 
Kazunori Fujiwara)

- 1-year trial activity, started in September 2003
- verify communication and applications technologies, and clarify relevant 
issues
- working groups - Privacy and Security, and DNS
- using +81 numbers
- includes SIP server, SOHO router, DNS, applications

Implementation Experience R. Stastny for Larry Conroy

- 2916bis and DDDS ambiguous - example from NAPTR RR regulart expression 
interpretation, and room was not sure what right answer was
- multiple field delimiter characters are proving troublesome - limit to 
one character?
- Patrik - we have inherited regular expression, and we can't fix it 
ourselves - must fix NAPTR itself - Patrik has action to close this loop
- processing order - SERVICE before ORDER? RFC 3405 seems contradictory - 
answer, process SERVICE before ORDER? but this answer is too easy, if we 
need to choose between services based on preferences - but this seems to 
require FQDN? but that's what we have in ENUM anyway - what about privacy 
aspects of including this stuff in DNS instead of SIP? may have overriding 
preferences - put that in DNS - maybe we shouldn't touch the ORDER field - 
but this is a negotiation between the endpoints and shouldn't be prescribed
- does ENUM always return a single rule? multiple contact points, which may 
not all be SIP contact points? e-mail, etc.
- MUST process non-terminal NAPTR? we don't
- is summary 2916bis-compliant?

- Richard - suggests that people who have implementation issues collaborate 
with Larry Conroy on his draft
- we have issues with these RFCs, and fixing them will take time. How to 
move forward? "BCP" for an I-D?
- Patrik would also like to maintain the Conroy draft as experience grows - 
need to document workarounds - this should become a BCP document

CONSENSUS
Combine JPRS work with existing implementation document make this draft a 
working group document

F. Our Korean Hosts KR-NIC will update us on their ENUM trial status... 
<Sungwoo Shin>

- launched public trial October 2003-January 2004, national workshop last 
December, national standards requivalent to RFCs and New Standard Development
- see lots of possibilities in Asia-Pacific region (not just Korea)
- ENUM APIs, telephony, DNS, registration
- 60-percent of telephone numbers are mobile - don't distinguish between 
PSTN and mobile numbers
- still developing APIs - ENUM FAX, ENUM H.323, telephony on a website
- service council moving to profit model setup, commercial services
- Korea still waiting for country to sign with ITU - registry problem - 
have been negotiating with goverment for two years
- Tier 1 registry selection is quite important
- not sure why other countries are working on ENUM? effect of ENUM on 
Telecommunication Policy? charm of ENUM, compared to domain names?
- mobile environment important to ENUM deployment
- expect regulations, AAA, business model in 2004, commercial service in 2005
- Japan shipping H.323 now, with numbering plan assigned to commercial 
service - Japan using special numbers for VoIP calls, and Korea expects to 
do the same thing
- is priority in your service the number to connect? - want to keep up with 
ENUM in real world. Telcos think people would prefer mobile device numbers 
to other device numbers - all this is a hard decision for us
- does Korean government assign special numbers? yes - what is official 
VoIP protocol? H.323, but SIP is good...

G. Plans to close the trial and go commercial in Austria with ENUM and the 
ENUM-only number range (+43780)  (R. Stastny 10-15)

- Austria has proved concept with ENUM trial
- ENUM ready for deployment, so trial is ending
- need legal framework, need official platform (AK-TK)
- ENUM will be a working group within AK-TK regulatory body
- basic issues are solved, but opt-in for residential numbers has problems 
- see Metcalf's law - how do we get users into ENUM?
- ENUM for IP-PBX with direct dial-in
- ENUM-only ranges for IP Communications
- mobile numbers validated via SIM card
- IP communication bigger than VoIP, and other services growing in importance.
- no definition of how routing will be done
- punt PSTN-only numbers to PSTN gateways
- pre-paid cards add validation/identification considerations
- adding mms:mailto and mms:sip
- one company in Gernany giving out ENUM numbers commercially now
- interesting "primary goals" slide...

H. ENUM Implementation Redux - Willheim Wimmhitter

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-conroy-enum-experiences-01.txt

- case sensitivity (we only use numbers in ENUM, but we still manage to 
break some clients that assume last character is a regexp delimiter) - 
don't use this flag if you can avoid it
- order traversal (as previously described)

I. ENUM WG issues

- could we hibernate? still some implementation experience to capture
- can we get a link to these presentations? Richard will provide this
- no discussion of provisioning issues - OK for trials, but probably not 
for commercial offerings

    1. Status of Privacy-Security and other drafts still in the pipeline



 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Richard Shockey, Senior Manager, Strategic Technology Initiatives
NeuStar Inc.
46000 Center Oak Plaza  -   Sterling, VA  20166
sip:rshockey(at)iptel.org   sip:57141@fwd.pulver.com
ENUM +87810-13313-31331
PSTN Office +1 571.434.5651 PSTN Mobile: +1 703.593.2683,  Fax: +1 815.333.1237
<mailto:richard(at)shockey.us> or <mailto:richard.shockey(at)neustar.biz>
<http://www.neustar.biz> ; <http://www.enum.org>
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Mon Mar 15 17:26:52 2004
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From: "Peterson, Jon" <jon.peterson@neustar.biz>
To: "'Jonathan Rosenberg'" <jdrosen@dynamicsoft.com>,
        Richard Shockey
	 <richard@shockey.us>
Cc: enum@ietf.org, mankin@psg.com
Subject: RE: [Enum] Last Call on Presence enumservice field
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Thanks for these nits and other comments. At the conclusion of WGLC, I'll
issue a revision that incorporates the proposed changes below.

I think the only issue that requires substantial consideration below is the
question of what type of URI needs to appear in a resource record identified
by the "E2U+pres" service field. I agree that the current text here is weak.
What I had in mind was something like "SHOULD be pres URI, MAY be other URI
identifying a presence service, as appropriate, but understand that pres URI
is most compatible". Does that work for you?

Jon Peterson
NeuStar, Inc.

-----Original Message-----
From: Jonathan Rosenberg [mailto:jdrosen@dynamicsoft.com]
Sent: Wednesday, March 10, 2004 10:21 PM
To: Richard Shockey
Cc: enum@ietf.org; jon.peterson@neustar.biz; mankin@psg.com
Subject: Re: [Enum] Last Call on Presence enumservice field


Some comments on the draft:

1. The abstract includes references to rfc2778 and rfc2916bis. I believe 
that you are not allowed to have references in an abstract, since the 
abstract frequently appears in isolation, without the rest of the 
document (see http://www.ietf.org/ID-nits.html).

> ENUM exists primarily to facilitate
>    the interconnection of systems that rely on telephone numbers with
>    those that use URIs to route transactions.

Nit: URIs don't do routing. They're names. Suggest: ".. that use URIs to 
identify resources."

> The IMPP WG of the IETF has a defined a generic URI used to identify
>    a presence service for a particular resource: the 'pres' URI scheme
>    (defined in CPP [4]).  This document describes an enumservice for
>    advertising presence information associated with an E.164 number.

Nit: I'm not a fan of naming working groups in standards document, since 
standards frequently persist beyond the group itself. I would suggest: 
"The Common Profile for Presence (CPP) [4] defines the 'pres' URI scheme 
for identifying a presence resource".

> The presence information that is shared varies by communications
>    service.  The IETF IMPP WG has defined a Presence Information Data
>    Format (or PIDF [6]) for describing the presence data associated with
>    a presentity. 

same comment as above.


> The scheme of the URI that will appear in the regexp field of a NAPTR
>    record using the 'E2U+pres' enumservice will be the 'pres' URI
>    scheme.  There are, however, other URI schemes that can be used to
>    identify presence services. 

Its unclear from this text whether the URI MUST be a pres URI, or just 
SHOULD be a pres URI, and therefore a SIP URI, for example, would be OK.


> However, revealing a pres URI in and of itself is unlikely to
>    introduce many privacy concerns (although depending on the structure
>    of the URI, it might reveal the full name or employer of the target).

I think its worth saying that, in cases where this bit is a security 
concern (revealing the full name or employer of the target), anonymized 
URIs can be used to avoid such disclosure.

> References

This section is not split into normative and informative. I'm assuming 
that this specification is targeted for PS and not informational, right?


Thanks,
Jonathan R.

Richard Shockey wrote:

> 
> It was the consensus of the WG in Seoul that we proceed to last call 
> with this document.
> 
> The intent of the last call is to solicit comments before submitting the 
> ID to the IESG as a Proposed Standard.
> 
> The purpose of a working group Last Call is in the style of "speak now or
> forever hold your peace" in case there are fundamental objections which 
> have
> not gotten previous or adequate discussion, or minor errors which need
> correction.
> 
> Work group last call will extend for 2 weeks from today March 8  to at 
> least March 22 though we can modify that if new issues come up.
> 
> Title                        : Enumservice Registration for Presence 
> Services
>         Author(s)       : J. Peterson
>         Filename        : draft-ietf-enum-pres-00.txt
>         Pages           : 8
>         Date            : 2003-12-18
> 
> This document registers an ENUM service for presence services (as
>    described in RFC2778 [2]) pursuant to the guidelines in RFC2916bis
>    [1].  Specifically, this document focuses on provisioning pres URIs
>    in ENUM.
> 
> A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-enum-pres-00.txt
> 
> 
> 
>  >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> Richard Shockey, Senior Manager, Strategic Technology Initiatives
> NeuStar Inc.
> 46000 Center Oak Plaza  -   Sterling, VA  20166
> sip:rshockey(at)iptel.org   sip:57141@fwd.pulver.com
> ENUM +87810-13313-31331
> PSTN Office +1 571.434.5651 PSTN Mobile: +1 703.593.2683,  Fax: +1 
> 815.333.1237
> <mailto:richard(at)shockey.us> or <mailto:richard.shockey(at)neustar.biz>
> <http://www.neustar.biz> ; <http://www.enum.org>
> <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> enum mailing list
> enum@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/enum
> 

-- 
Jonathan D. Rosenberg, Ph.D.                600 Lanidex Plaza
Chief Technology Officer                    Parsippany, NJ 07054-2711
dynamicsoft
jdrosen@dynamicsoft.com                     FAX:   (973) 952-5050
http://www.jdrosen.net                      PHONE: (973) 952-5000
http://www.dynamicsoft.com

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Peterson, Jon wrote:

> Thanks for these nits and other comments. At the conclusion of WGLC, I'll
> issue a revision that incorporates the proposed changes below.

Thanks.

> 
> I think the only issue that requires substantial consideration below is the
> question of what type of URI needs to appear in a resource record identified
> by the "E2U+pres" service field. I agree that the current text here is weak.
> What I had in mind was something like "SHOULD be pres URI, MAY be other URI
> identifying a presence service, as appropriate, but understand that pres URI
> is most compatible". Does that work for you?

Sounds fine.

-Jonathan R.



-- 
Jonathan D. Rosenberg, Ph.D.                600 Lanidex Plaza
Chief Technology Officer                    Parsippany, NJ 07054-2711
dynamicsoft
jdrosen@dynamicsoft.com                     FAX:   (973) 952-5050
http://www.jdrosen.net                      PHONE: (973) 952-5000
http://www.dynamicsoft.com

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>To: IETF-Announce: ;
>From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
>Reply-to: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
>Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-bartosiewicz-enterprise-enum-00.txt
>Date: Wed, 17 Mar 2004 11:08:09 -0500
>Sender: owner-ietf-announce@ietf.org
>
>
>A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts 
>directories.
>
>
>         Title           : Cost optimization based on Enterprise-ENUM
>         Author(s)       : A. Bartosiewicz
>         Filename        : draft-bartosiewicz-enterprise-enum-00.txt
>         Pages           : 0
>         Date            : 2004-3-12
>
>This paper presents an extension of NAPTR Resource Records and an
>    application of the local DNS (called in further part of this
>    document 'Enterprise -ENUM') in order to keep information required
>    for costs optimization of telecommunication connections.
>    The optimization should cover the cost reduction through the
>    selection of cheapest form of telecommunication connections for
>    the calling party (a person initializing a telecommunication
>    connection).
>
>A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
>http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-bartosiewicz-enterprise-enum-00.txt
>
>To remove yourself from the IETF Announcement list, send a message to
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>         "get draft-bartosiewicz-enterprise-enum-00.txt".
>
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>or ftp://ftp.ietf.org/ietf/1shadow-sites.txt
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>
>Internet-Drafts can also be obtained by e-mail.
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>NOTE:   The mail server at ietf.org can return the document in
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 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Richard Shockey, Senior Manager, Strategic Technology Initiatives
NeuStar Inc.
46000 Center Oak Plaza  -   Sterling, VA  20166
sip:rshockey(at)iptel.org   sip:57141@fwd.pulver.com
ENUM +87810-13313-31331
PSTN Office +1 571.434.5651 PSTN Mobile: +1 703.593.2683,  Fax: +1 815.333.1237
<mailto:richard(at)shockey.us> or <mailto:richard.shockey(at)neustar.biz>
<http://www.neustar.biz> ; <http://www.enum.org>
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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Mar 18 12:50:48 2004
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Subject: [Enum] Action Item from the WG meeting on the IANA process issues in
 2916bis
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As was discussed in Seoul the Chairs have taken as an action to compose a 
memo to the IESG on the difficulties with ENUM implementations and 
deployments due to inactions by the IANA on processing our drafts.

We believe there is some progress here but additional pressure may be needed

Patrik and I are, therefore, soliciting comments from the list to properly 
document these difficulties so that ICANN ,as the contractor for the IANA 
function, can be properly briefed.

Please send comments to this list and we, as the chairs, will compile the 
comments and forward as required.


 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Richard Shockey, Senior Manager, Strategic Technology Initiatives
NeuStar Inc.
46000 Center Oak Plaza  -   Sterling, VA  20166
sip:rshockey(at)iptel.org   sip:57141@fwd.pulver.com
ENUM +87810-13313-31331
PSTN Office +1 571.434.5651 PSTN Mobile: +1 703.593.2683,  Fax: +1 815.333.1237
<mailto:richard(at)shockey.us> or <mailto:richard.shockey(at)neustar.biz>
<http://www.neustar.biz> ; <http://www.enum.org>
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<


_______________________________________________
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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Fri Mar 19 09:21:39 2004
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Subject: RE: [Enum] Action Item from the WG meeting on the IANA process issues in 2916bis
Date: Fri, 19 Mar 2004 15:24:10 +0100
Message-ID: <06CF906FE3998C4E944213062009F162233C08@oefeg-s02.oefeg.loc>
Thread-Topic: [Enum] Action Item from the WG meeting on the IANA process issues in 2916bis
Thread-Index: AcQNEme3RWoIfXBETwKi5slmR0VF0AAqdXBw
From: "Stastny Richard" <Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at>
To: "Richard Shockey" <richard@shockey.us>, <enum@ietf.org>
Cc: <paf@cisco.com>
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Before I send in a comment on the difficulties with commercial ENUM
Applications based on non-existing standards, I would like the Chairs to =
ask
IANA what the problems are they have in processing the drafts. Maybe we
could provide some help or input.

As I understand it, tha task of IANA is to set up a webpage on the IANA =
site
which points to a file containing the registered enumservices with the =
the
relevant RFC listed or am I missing something?

Is there something missing or incorrect in the templates of rfc2916bis?
Is there something missing or incorrect in the already existing =
enumservice drafts?
Are there any other problems?

Regards
Richard


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Richard Shockey [mailto:richard@shockey.us]
> Sent: Thursday, March 18, 2004 6:33 PM
> To: enum@ietf.org
> Cc: paf@cisco.com
> Subject: [Enum] Action Item from the WG meeting on the IANA process =
issues
> in 2916bis
>=20
>=20
> As was discussed in Seoul the Chairs have taken as an action to =
compose a
> memo to the IESG on the difficulties with ENUM implementations and
> deployments due to inactions by the IANA on processing our drafts.
>=20
> We believe there is some progress here but additional pressure may be
> needed
>=20
> Patrik and I are, therefore, soliciting comments from the list to =
properly
> document these difficulties so that ICANN ,as the contractor for the =
IANA
> function, can be properly briefed.
>=20
> Please send comments to this list and we, as the chairs, will compile =
the
> comments and forward as required.
>=20
>=20
>  >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> Richard Shockey, Senior Manager, Strategic Technology Initiatives
> NeuStar Inc.
> 46000 Center Oak Plaza  -   Sterling, VA  20166
> sip:rshockey(at)iptel.org   sip:57141@fwd.pulver.com
> ENUM +87810-13313-31331
> PSTN Office +1 571.434.5651 PSTN Mobile: +1 703.593.2683,  Fax: +1
> 815.333.1237
> <mailto:richard(at)shockey.us> or =
<mailto:richard.shockey(at)neustar.biz>
> <http://www.neustar.biz> ; <http://www.enum.org>
> <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> enum mailing list
> enum@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/enum

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Fri Mar 19 10:18:35 2004
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From: "Conroy, Lawrence (SMTP)" <lwc@roke.co.uk>
To: Stastny Richard <Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at>
Cc: Richard Shockey <richard@shockey.us>, paf@cisco.com, enum@ietf.org
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Subject: Re: [Enum] Action Item from the WG meeting on the IANA process issues in 2916bis
Date: Fri, 19 Mar 2004 15:13:25 +0000
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Hi Folks,
  ... and whilst we're on this topic...
Why do we need to wait until the IANA have set up their web page before
allocating a number for the RFC (and publishing it)?
AFAIK, releasing and publishing an RFC has nothing to do with the IANA 
contractor.

The problems I've found have been from implementation folk in a 
(non-Siemens)
German company telling me that they MUST implement RFC2916 as they 
follow
IETF recommendations not to implement from Internet-Drafts. Thus when I
suggested that they implement RFC2916bis, they said that this was wrong.

I refuse to embarrass the source of this statement by identifying them.
They are, in some ways, correct; basically, this mess is our fault.

all the best,
   Lawrence

On 19 Mar 2004, at 2:24 pm, Stastny Richard wrote:

> Before I send in a comment on the difficulties with commercial ENUM
> Applications based on non-existing standards, I would like the Chairs 
> to ask
> IANA what the problems are they have in processing the drafts. Maybe we
> could provide some help or input.
>
> As I understand it, tha task of IANA is to set up a webpage on the 
> IANA site
> which points to a file containing the registered enumservices with the 
> the
> relevant RFC listed or am I missing something?
>
> Is there something missing or incorrect in the templates of rfc2916bis?
> Is there something missing or incorrect in the already existing 
> enumservice drafts?
> Are there any other problems?
>
> Regards
> Richard
>
>
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: Richard Shockey [mailto:richard@shockey.us]
>> <snip>
>> Patrik and I are, therefore, soliciting comments from the list to 
>> properly
>> document these difficulties so that ICANN ,as the contractor for the 
>> IANA
>> function, can be properly briefed.
>>
>> Please send comments to this list and we, as the chairs, will compile 
>> the
>> comments and forward as required.
>> <snip>

_______________________________________________
enum mailing list
enum@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/enum



From exim@www1.ietf.org  Fri Mar 19 16:23:40 2004
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Telephone Number Mapping WG (enum)

IETF 59 Soeul, Korea

Wednesday, March 3, 2004

0900-1130 AM
===============================

CHAIRS: Patrik Faltstrom <paf@cisco.com>
               Richard Shockey <rich.shockey@neustar.biz>

SCRIBE: Spencer Dawkins <mcsr-labs.org>


AGENDA:

AGENDA BASHING (5 min)  ( appointment of scribe etc)

Status of 2916bis ... Allison Mankin Transport AD

- problem with IANA - and our relationship is not formal, no contract with 
us, just handshake agreements
- they have a very significant staffing problem with a huge backlog.
- IESG made a list - high delay, extremely high backlog, high priority was 
so backlogged that they had a hard time prioritizing
- 2916bis is part of the backlog
- no tracker in place today (as we have with I-D trackers)
- we started this action before the document was approved, but had no way 
to know there was a problem
- if registries are being blocked, please let us know so we can prioritize
- all the registration documents are blocked - iFax, VPIM, at least six 
documents
- today's presentations are about services that are rolling out now - what 
else do we need to say?
- registries acting in faith that I-Ds will not change before RFC publication
-
ACTION ITEM_
- chairs to send a formal letter to IESG - please provide inputs to this letter
- revs of other services - get them in sooner, rather than later, OK?

IFAX Registration - Richard Shockey- Claudio Allocchio Fax WG co-chair

- this document also in the IANA queue
- any difficulties with this document?
- Claudio - security and privacy sections very skinny - should we expand 
this stuff or leave it and point elsewhere?
- web and FT documents contained all considerations
- IFAX should match these documents - is this a simple revision, or harder?

CONSENSUS
any objections to this document? none in the room

- chair preference is to add this text and send it to the IESG
- editors say no problem adding this text
- no last call required

- Allison - document user interested in fax, not other services, not going 
to look at an H.323 document for these sections
- bits are free

A. Discussion of  Jon Peterson's presence document ... (10 m)

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-enum-pres-00.txt

- not a lot of feedback received so far - want more
- adds a pres: URI scheme, resolves to XMPP, SIMPLE, etc. - presence 
protocol-independent
- PSTN telephones still need work (states, location attributions) - 
especially for wireless
- not a lot of changes since initial draft (name change plus references update
- James - what is XMPP status now? RFC? still an I-D, but have been 
approved by IESG
- what about press: schema? Also passed IESG, some time back
- move forward to WGLC? any objection? Is this urgently needed? it is 
implemented, will move forward.

CONSENSUS - GO TO LAST CALL

B. A report on the results of the ETSI ENUM Plugtest Workshop (R. 
Stastny  15 M)

- last week, hosted by ETSI, 55 attendees (lower because of 3GPP conflicts, 
etc.)
- presentations available at ETSI website
- spent time on both user ENUM and carrier ENUM
- 14 presentations on user ENUM
- privacy and data security viewed as more critical than regulatory issues 
for ENUM rollout
- no "killer application", but strong focus for VoIP
- 4 presentations on carrier ENUM
- huge number of possible implementations, including MMSC, SMSC, SMPP 
gateway, MSSP, HLR/HSS, ...)
- Verisign presentation focused on registries and registry interworking.
- applications/implementations vary more widely than user ENUM
- two Plugfests upcoming, in October and late November/early December
- Plugfests and related workshops are open to anyone, not just ETSI members
- www.etsi.org/plugtests for details

C. A report on APRICOT ENUM BoF  (J Seng 10M)

- ENUM/SIP BoF last week
- James focused on TWNIC trials (other participants presenting separately)
- regulators have allocated 0944 for trials, but production SIP/ENUM using 
unofficial block(?) of 070
- 802.11b SIP phones for 50 dollars, also being distributed with two-year 
contract commitments to carriers
- 64111 allocated (10,000 numbers), with no telco involvement
- all countries eager to do trials, but ENUMs mean different things to 
different people
- have issues getting e164-arpa to work under delegation - operating under 
ccTLD for now
- forming Asia Pacific ENUM Technical Forum, details by July timeframe
- what are regulator difficulties? vary by country. Helps if you work in 
the same building as regulators. Ongoing discussions with regulators in 
China and Japan.
- Taiwan is a special case (86 not in ITU tables at all)

D. CN-NIC focussing their ENUM trials in China  (15M Sheldon Lee)

- 80M Internet users in China, 260M mobile phones, 255M fixed phones at 
yearend 2003
- trials started in July 2001, 6.8.e164.arpa delegation in September 2002, 
opened for public testing in December 2003, performance testing in 
September 2003
- 3-tier ENUM resolution in China, registration plan studied but not completed
- 7741 queries in February 2004 (after spring festival in January)
- 260 users and 520 ENUMs registrations
- ENUM trial platform includes SIP UAs, IP/GSTN gateway, ENUM-enabled SIP 
proxy, only ENUM users can register SIP account
- ENUM server pressure is how to support large number of queries with 
dynamic update
- 94% query responses with 2-second latency when not using caching
- participating in both ITU-T and IETF ENUM, and in several workshops
- promotion of ENUM/SIP in China is big challenge - no Internet phone 
license issued for end users in China
- what service is most beneficial in China? SIP registration, exchange ENUM 
in browser address bar
- finished with SIP call to person in the second row of audience, and to 
China ("hello to IETF")

E. JP-NIC discussing ENUM in Japan
    ETJP(Enum Trial Japan) web page is http://etjp.jp/english/ (15M 
Kazunori Fujiwara)

- 1-year trial activity, started in September 2003
- verify communication and applications technologies, and clarify relevant 
issues
- working groups - Privacy and Security, and DNS
- using +81 numbers
- includes SIP server, SOHO router, DNS, applications

Implementation Experience R. Stastny for Larry Conroy

- 2916bis and DDDS ambiguous - example from NAPTR RR regulart expression 
interpretation, and room was not sure what right answer was
- multiple field delimiter characters are proving troublesome - limit to 
one character?
- Patrik - we have inherited regular expression, and we can't fix it 
ourselves - must fix NAPTR itself - Patrik has action to close this loop
- processing order - SERVICE before ORDER? RFC 3405 seems contradictory - 
answer, process SERVICE before ORDER? but this answer is too easy, if we 
need to choose between services based on preferences - but this seems to 
require FQDN? but that's what we have in ENUM anyway - what about privacy 
aspects of including this stuff in DNS instead of SIP? may have overriding 
preferences - put that in DNS - maybe we shouldn't touch the ORDER field - 
but this is a negotiation between the endpoints and shouldn't be prescribed
- does ENUM always return a single rule? multiple contact points, which may 
not all be SIP contact points? e-mail, etc.
- MUST process non-terminal NAPTR? we don't
- is summary 2916bis-compliant?

- Richard - suggests that people who have implementation issues collaborate 
with Larry Conroy on his draft
- we have issues with these RFCs, and fixing them will take time. How to 
move forward? "BCP" for an I-D?
- Patrik would also like to maintain the Conroy draft as experience grows - 
need to document workarounds - this should become a BCP document

CONSENSUS
Combine JPRS work with existing implementation document make this draft a 
working group document

F. Our Korean Hosts KR-NIC will update us on their ENUM trial status... 
<Sungwoo Shin>

- launched public trial October 2003-January 2004, national workshop last 
December, national standards requivalent to RFCs and New Standard Development
- see lots of possibilities in Asia-Pacific region (not just Korea)
- ENUM APIs, telephony, DNS, registration
- 60-percent of telephone numbers are mobile - don't distinguish between 
PSTN and mobile numbers
- still developing APIs - ENUM FAX, ENUM H.323, telephony on a website
- service council moving to profit model setup, commercial services
- Korea still waiting for country to sign with ITU - registry problem - 
have been negotiating with goverment for two years
- Tier 1 registry selection is quite important
- not sure why other countries are working on ENUM? effect of ENUM on 
Telecommunication Policy? charm of ENUM, compared to domain names?
- mobile environment important to ENUM deployment
- expect regulations, AAA, business model in 2004, commercial service in 2005
- Japan shipping H.323 now, with numbering plan assigned to commercial 
service - Japan using special numbers for VoIP calls, and Korea expects to 
do the same thing
- is priority in your service the number to connect? - want to keep up with 
ENUM in real world. Telcos think people would prefer mobile device numbers 
to other device numbers - all this is a hard decision for us
- does Korean government assign special numbers? yes - what is official 
VoIP protocol? H.323, but SIP is good...

G. Plans to close the trial and go commercial in Austria with ENUM and the 
ENUM-only number range (+43780)  (R. Stastny 10-15)

- Austria has proved concept with ENUM trial
- ENUM ready for deployment, so trial is ending
- need legal framework, need official platform (AK-TK)
- ENUM will be a working group within AK-TK regulatory body
- basic issues are solved, but opt-in for residential numbers has problems 
- see Metcalf's law - how do we get users into ENUM?
- ENUM for IP-PBX with direct dial-in
- ENUM-only ranges for IP Communications
- mobile numbers validated via SIM card
- IP communication bigger than VoIP, and other services growing in importance.
- no definition of how routing will be done
- punt PSTN-only numbers to PSTN gateways
- pre-paid cards add validation/identification considerations
- adding mms:mailto and mms:sip
- one company in Gernany giving out ENUM numbers commercially now
- interesting "primary goals" slide...

H. ENUM Implementation Redux - Willheim Wimmhitter

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-conroy-enum-experiences-01.txt

- case sensitivity (we only use numbers in ENUM, but we still manage to 
break some clients that assume last character is a regexp delimiter) - 
don't use this flag if you can avoid it
- order traversal (as previously described)

I. ENUM WG issues

- could we hibernate? still some implementation experience to capture
- can we get a link to these presentations? Richard will provide this
- no discussion of provisioning issues - OK for trials, but probably not 
for commercial offerings

    1. Status of Privacy-Security and other drafts still in the pipeline



 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Richard Shockey, Senior Manager, Strategic Technology Initiatives
NeuStar Inc.
46000 Center Oak Plaza  -   Sterling, VA  20166
sip:rshockey(at)iptel.org   sip:57141@fwd.pulver.com
ENUM +87810-13313-31331
PSTN Office +1 571.434.5651 PSTN Mobile: +1 703.593.2683,  Fax: +1 815.333.1237
<mailto:richard(at)shockey.us> or <mailto:richard.shockey(at)neustar.biz>
<http://www.neustar.biz> ; <http://www.enum.org>
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<


_______________________________________________
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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Mon Mar 22 06:16:55 2004
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Thread-Topic: New Enumservice NoPSTN?
Thread-Index: AcQP/3eys1jgN/8OTae3jUdOsYYxYg==
From: "Stastny Richard" <Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at>
To: <enum@ietf.org>
Cc: "Richard Shockey" <richard@shockey.us>, <paf@cisco.com>
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Subject: [Enum] New Enumservice NoPSTN?
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Working currently on the draft for the enum-dip-indicator for the tel:
URI, as discussed on the IPTEL-list, and also thinking about the
pstn-indicator, as discussed recently on the SIPPING-list, I encoutered
the following minor problem.

An ENUM client (e.g. in a SIP server) currently works in the following
way:

If it gets an E.164 number in, it is querying the domain e164.arpa
related to this number in the DNS for NAPTR, and if he get a result back
(one or more NAPTRs), fine.=20

If there is no domain related to this number in the DNS, there is
currently the intrinsic assumption, that the number may exist on the
PSTN or at least the PSTN finally knows that the number does not exist.
So the call may be routed to the PSTN if the SIP-server is able to do
so.

For ENUM-only number ranges we have a problem here. ENUM-only number
ranges exist only in the DNS. The PSTN is recognizing the number range
as ENUM-only, so any call originating on the PSTN is routed to a gateway
capable of doing an ENUM query. If such a gateway is not finding an
entry for the specific number, he should have a logic built in not to
route the call back to the PSTN, but to signal this fact back to the
user (e.g. SIT).=20

If the above mentioned SIP-server is querying an ENUM-only number range,
finding no entry, routing the call to the PSTN, the call is finally
routed to an ENUM-enable gateway by the PSTN and properly treated.

So this is a minor problem, but it is not nice to bother the PSTN or
even to need it to properly treat a call originating on the Internet.

There are two solutions coming to my mind:

A. Populate the DNS for this number range with all numbers possible, and
enter a proper default NAPTR
B: use a wildcard for the whole number range

But both solutions raise the question how the NAPTR record finally
should look like.

One solution could be to use the ENUMservice "ann" (as defined in ETSI
TS 102 072), but this service is more intented for end-user information
and may be also in addition to other enumservices. Furthermore this
enumservice has until know not even been discussed at IETF.

Another solution could be to define an enumservice "nopstn", "noentry"
or "void". The question here is which URI should be used to keep the
syntax?

One way could be to use http://.....html and point to a web-page, where
the entity responsible for the number range places some text.

On the other hand, SIP-servers or any other application querying ENUM
could immediately recognize that there is no such number.

What is the opinion of the group and are there any additional proposals?

Is this the group where this should be discussed and/or in IPTEL or
SIPPING?

regards

Richard Stastny
OeFEG
+43 664 420 4100



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A
>If it gets an E.164 number in, it is querying the domain e164.arpa
>related to this number in the DNS for NAPTR, and if he get a result back
>(one or more NAPTRs), fine.

its done ... it substitutes the SIP URI in the To: field and proceeds to 
create a session


>If there is no domain related to this number in the DNS, there is
>currently the intrinsic assumption, that the number may exist on the
>PSTN or at least the PSTN finally knows that the number does not exist.
>So the call may be routed to the PSTN if the SIP-server is able to do
>so.

Well it depends on network topology ..if the 1 hop edge SIP proxy executes 
a query and gets a 404 that would indicate a default condition of PSTN 
routing and IMHO the TEL URI needs to be modified to indicate that a ENUM 
query has been made.


>For ENUM-only number ranges we have a problem here. ENUM-only number
>ranges exist only in the DNS.

You mean E.164 numbers that cannot be routed on the PSTN

>The PSTN is recognizing the number range
>as ENUM-only, so any call originating on the PSTN is routed to a gateway
>capable of doing an ENUM query. If such a gateway is not finding an
>entry for the specific number, he should have a logic built in not to
>route the call back to the PSTN, but to signal this fact back to the
>user (e.g. SIT).

OK ..no problem

Spell this out not everyone knows what SIT tones means though I have put 
them on my answering machine to stop predictive dialers... ( the tone 
generated by the switch when the number is unreachable . usually used in 
number disconnect situations.)



>If the above mentioned SIP-server is querying an ENUM-only number range,
>finding no entry, routing the call to the PSTN, the call is finally
>routed to an ENUM-enable gateway by the PSTN and properly treated.

Well here is where you seem to be losing me . if it is a ENUM only range 
and the 1st hop proxy gets a 404 .. it insert the dip indicator...then pass 
to the PSTN..
Unless the 1st hop proxy has knowledge of ENUM number ranges locally and 
can interpret a 404 as call failure and not attempt to pass the call across.


>So this is a minor problem, but it is not nice to bother the PSTN or
>even to need it to properly treat a call originating on the Internet.

OK I get it .. the PSTN carriers do not want to be bothered by trying to 
route calls from IP only number ranges ..both situations would create 
failure ( SIT) but the latter is unecessary.


>There are two solutions coming to my mind:
>
>A. Populate the DNS for this number range with all numbers possible, and
>enter a proper default NAPTR

Never going to happen ...

>B: use a wildcard for the whole number range

not going to happen either...


>But both solutions raise the question how the NAPTR record finally
>should look like.

Well


>One solution could be to use the ENUMservice "ann" (as defined in ETSI
>TS 102 072), but this service is more intented for end-user information
>and may be also in addition to other enumservices. Furthermore this
>enumservice has until know not even been discussed at IETF.
>
>Another solution could be to define an enumservice "nopstn", "noentry"
>or "void". The question here is which URI should be used to keep the
>syntax?

I'm still not clear why these error conditions in SIP cannot be dealt with 
with extensions to the tel URL or why local edge proxy's cannot be made 
aware of ENUM number ranges in order to prevent necessary PSTN call routing.

This is a interesting case in ENUM bahaivor that should be documented ..but 
I'd rather see decision trees like this one dealt with at the edge and not 
higher up the network.


>One way could be to use http://.....html and point to a web-page, where
>the entity responsible for the number range places some text.

huh?


>On the other hand, SIP-servers or any other application querying ENUM
>could immediately recognize that there is no such number.
>
>What is the opinion of the group and are there any additional proposals?
>
>Is this the group where this should be discussed and/or in IPTEL or
>SIPPING?

Well IMHO probably IPTEL but it has relevance here...


>regards
>
>Richard Stastny
>OeFEG
>+43 664 420 4100


 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Richard Shockey, Senior Manager, Strategic Technology Initiatives
NeuStar Inc.
46000 Center Oak Plaza  -   Sterling, VA  20166
sip:rshockey(at)iptel.org   sip:57141@fwd.pulver.com
ENUM +87810-13313-31331
PSTN Office +1 571.434.5651 PSTN Mobile: +1 703.593.2683,  Fax: +1 815.333.1237
<mailto:richard(at)shockey.us> or <mailto:richard.shockey(at)neustar.biz>
<http://www.neustar.biz> ; <http://www.enum.org>
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Mon Mar 22 17:34:40 2004
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To: "'Richard Shockey'" <richard@shockey.us>, <enum@ietf.org>
Date: Mon, 22 Mar 2004 16:31:12 -0600
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Subject: [Enum] .TEL and ENUM?
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Richard,

I follow this list with interest. I feel less than qualified to participate
much but I've been learning a lot.

Recently a set of new sTLD applications were posted publicly by ICANN at: 

http://www.icann.org/announcements/announcement-19mar04.htm

I found the .MOBI and .TEL applications of particular interest, especially
the .TEL application from pulver.com:

http://www.icann.org/tlds/stld-apps-19mar04/tel-pulver.htm

I was wondering if you have had a chance to look at that. It appears to my
less qualified eye that it would conflict with ENUM. Where you aware of it?
Is my reading of it correct?

Tim Ruiz
Go Daddy Software, Inc.



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Date: Tue, 23 Mar 2004 08:58:52 +0100
From: Marian Durkovic <md@bts.sk>
To: Richard Shockey <richard@shockey.us>
Cc: Stastny Richard <Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at>, enum@ietf.org, paf@cisco.com
Subject: Re: [Enum] Re: New Enumservice NoPSTN?
Message-ID: <20040323075852.GA57922@us.svf.stuba.sk>
References: <06CF906FE3998C4E944213062009F162233C17@oefeg-s02.oefeg.loc> <6.0.3.0.2.20040322153019.03abd528@joy.songbird.com>
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> >One solution could be to use the ENUMservice "ann" (as defined in ETSI
> >TS 102 072), but this service is more intented for end-user information
> >and may be also in addition to other enumservices. Furthermore this
> >enumservice has until know not even been discussed at IETF.
> >
> >Another solution could be to define an enumservice "nopstn", "noentry"
> >or "void". The question here is which URI should be used to keep the
> >syntax?
> 
> I'm still not clear why these error conditions in SIP cannot be dealt with 
> with extensions to the tel URL or why local edge proxy's cannot be made 
> aware of ENUM number ranges in order to prevent necessary PSTN call routing.

Well, since ENUM-only ranges are to be expected under several country codes
and also globally (like +87810) it's not feasible to put all those ranges
statically into _every_ SIP proxy around the globe.

Anyway, this problem again rises the question about "smart" wildcards in
ENUM. I think it's not possible to populate every unused number under
ENUM-only range with some record, since we'll end up with billions of
records, and we still don't catch every possible misdialing - users
can dial anything (incomplete number, wrong number, too long number etc.):

+87810 12
+87810 1115553  or even
+87810 1235671253652635172536153267156215367215312527651352167

Instead, we need to look for a solution, which allows the "default route"
in ENUM, i.e. how to route all numbers under some prefix not having explicit
NAPTR record to this "default" route. In other words, we need "smart"
wildcard - i.e. the wildcard which will _not_ depend on presence/absence of
other records. This will also be of high benefit for DDI ranges and all 
the like.


	With kind regards,

		M.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
----                                                                  ----
----   Marian Durkovic                       network  manager         ----
----                                                                  ----
----   Slovak Technical University           Tel: +421 2 524 51 301   ----
----   Computer Centre, Nam. Slobody 17      Fax: +421 2 524 94 351   ----
----   812 43 Bratislava, Slovak Republic    E-mail/sip: md@bts.sk    ----
----                                                                  ----
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

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From: "Conroy, Lawrence (SMTP)" <lwc@roke.co.uk>
To: Marian Durkovic <md@bts.sk>
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Subject: Re: [Enum] Re: New Enumservice NoPSTN?
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Hi Folks,
   at the risk of going way off-topic for ENUM (I haven't seen all of 
the messages quoted ?):

Note: before anyone jumps in to complain that wildcards are ALWAYS a 
bad idea,
       please spell out for idiots such as myself why it won't work in 
this situation.
       (i.e. not that it is difficult or acts in an unexpected way, but 
exactly what
       it does that is not what's required here).

(i)  This comes about due to some implicit assumptions that are outside 
the protocol.
  -   Specifically, what to do if there is no ENUM domain for a given 
E.164 number.
      Most of the time, dumping to the PSTN works, but this *is* an 
ASSUMPTION and
      is broken in some cases. The protocol is fine, the assumption may 
not be.
(ii) I don't understand what's so smart about the proposed wildcard at 
the apex of
      an "ENUM-only" number range (i.e. in a Tier 1 server).
      It comes up again and again, but I *had* thought that with a 
standard wildcard,
      if there's a delegation for a queried leaf sub-domain (i.e. there 
*is* an ENUM-only
      number) then that will get returned, else the wildcard will be 
returned.
      The only time that you'll have a problem is if there is ANY 
intermediary RR under
      the wildcard (so delegating for a subsidiary block is out, or at 
least there must
      be another wildcard "under" that block). So... what's smart about 
this wildcard?

all the best,
   Lawrence

On 23 Mar 2004, at 7:58 am, Marian Durkovic wrote:
<snip>
> Anyway, this problem again rises the question about "smart" wildcards 
> in
> ENUM. I think it's not possible to populate every unused number under
> ENUM-only range with some record, since we'll end up with billions of
> records, and we still don't catch every possible misdialing - users
> can dial anything (incomplete number, wrong number, too long number 
> etc.):
>
> +87810 12
> +87810 1115553  or even
> +87810 1235671253652635172536153267156215367215312527651352167
>
> Instead, we need to look for a solution, which allows the "default 
> route"
> in ENUM, i.e. how to route all numbers under some prefix not having 
> explicit
> NAPTR record to this "default" route. In other words, we need "smart"
> wildcard - i.e. the wildcard which will _not_ depend on 
> presence/absence of
> other records. This will also be of high benefit for DDI ranges and all
> the like.

_______________________________________________
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From: "Stastny Richard" <Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at>
To: "Richard Shockey" <richard@shockey.us>, <enum@ietf.org>
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Richard Shockey wrote:

> >If there is no domain related to this number in the DNS, there is
> >currently the intrinsic assumption, that the number may exist on the
> >PSTN or at least the PSTN finally knows that the number does not =
exist.
> >So the call may be routed to the PSTN if the SIP-server is able to do
> >so.
>=20
> Well it depends on network topology ..if the 1 hop edge SIP proxy =
executes
> a query and gets a 404 that would indicate a default condition of PSTN
> routing and IMHO the TEL URI needs to be modified to indicate that a =
ENUM
> query has been made.

[Richard>] you mean the ;enum-dip-indicator, the SIP proxy could also
add the ;pstn indicator.
=20
>=20
> >For ENUM-only number ranges we have a problem here. ENUM-only number
> >ranges exist only in the DNS.
>=20
> You mean E.164 numbers that cannot be routed on the PSTN


[Richard>] To be correct, the number can be routed on the PSTN, but
it will be routed again to a IP-gateway (the so-called generic gateway)
see below, so the correct terminology is:=20

I mean E.164 numbers that cannot be TERMINATED on the PSTN.
>=20
> >The PSTN is recognizing the number range
> >as ENUM-only, so any call originating on the PSTN is routed to a =
gateway
> >capable of doing an ENUM query. If such a gateway is not finding an
> >entry for the specific number, he should have a logic built in not to
> >route the call back to the PSTN, but to signal this fact back to the
> >user (e.g. SIT).
>=20
> OK ..no problem
>=20
> Spell this out not everyone knows what SIT tones means though I have =
put
> them on my answering machine to stop predictive dialers... ( the tone
> generated by the switch when the number is unreachable . usually used =
in
> number disconnect situations.

[Richard>] SIT (Special Information Tone) is generated if a number does =
not
exist. If the number exists, but is (currently) not available,=20
Trunk Busy is generated.
=20
>=20
> >If the above mentioned SIP-server is querying an ENUM-only number =
range,
> >finding no entry, routing the call to the PSTN, the call is finally
> >routed to an ENUM-enable gateway by the PSTN and properly treated.
>=20
> Well here is where you seem to be losing me . if it is a ENUM only =
range
> and the 1st hop proxy gets a 404 .. it insert the dip indicator...then
> pass
> to the PSTN..
> Unless the 1st hop proxy has knowledge of ENUM number ranges locally =
and
> can interpret a 404 as call failure and not attempt to pass the call
> across.
[Richard>] The problem is that there is no local number ranges on the =
Internet (see also below)
>=20
>=20
> >So this is a minor problem, but it is not nice to bother the PSTN or
> >even to need it to properly treat a call originating on the Internet.
>=20
> OK I get it .. the PSTN carriers do not want to be bothered by trying =
to
> route calls from IP only number ranges ..both situations would create
> failure ( SIT) but the latter is unecessary.
[Richard>] It is even worse: the generic gateway from the PSTN to IP, =
where the call is finally routed to needs to know ALL ENUM-only number =
ranges worldwide. Because if not, it may drop the call again to the =
PSTN,
especially if you consider that the gateway is also receiving call calls
forced to the gateway, eg with an access code. This is not impossible, =
but
not elegant and not fool proof, so a more elegant solution is required.
>=20
>=20
> >There are two solutions coming to my mind:
> >
> >A. Populate the DNS for this number range with all numbers possible, =
and
> >enter a proper default NAPTR
>=20
> Never going to happen ...
>=20
> >B: use a wildcard for the whole number range
>=20
> not going to happen either...
[Richard>] Why not?
>=20
>=20
> >But both solutions raise the question how the NAPTR record finally
> >should look like.
>=20
> Well
>=20
>=20
> >One solution could be to use the ENUMservice "ann" (as defined in =
ETSI
> >TS 102 072), but this service is more intented for end-user =
information
> >and may be also in addition to other enumservices. Furthermore this
> >enumservice has until know not even been discussed at IETF.
> >
> >Another solution could be to define an enumservice "nopstn", =
"noentry"
> >or "void". The question here is which URI should be used to keep the
> >syntax?
>=20
> I'm still not clear why these error conditions in SIP cannot be dealt =
with
> with extensions to the tel URL or why local edge proxy's cannot be =
made
> aware of ENUM number ranges in order to prevent necessary PSTN call
> routing.
>=20
> This is a interesting case in ENUM bahaivor that should be documented
> ..but
> I'd rather see decision trees like this one dealt with at the edge and =
not
> higher up the network.
>=20
>=20
> >One way could be to use http://.....html and point to a web-page, =
where
> >the entity responsible for the number range places some text.
>=20
> huh?

[Richard>] You need at least some URI
>=20
> >On the other hand, SIP-servers or any other application querying ENUM
> >could immediately recognize that there is no such number.
> >
> >What is the opinion of the group and are there any additional =
proposals?
> >
> >Is this the group where this should be discussed and/or in IPTEL or
> >SIPPING?
>=20
> Well IMHO probably IPTEL but it has relevance here...
>=20
>=20
[Richard>] I also think it should be dicussed here

Richard

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To: Tim Ruiz <tim@godaddy.com>
cc: Richard Shockey <richard@shockey.us>, enum@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Enum] .TEL and ENUM? 
In-Reply-To: Message from "Tim Ruiz" <tim@godaddy.com> 
   of "Mon, 22 Mar 2004 16:31:12 CST." <04e701c4105d$6202a540$fa05a8c0@TIMRUIZ> 
Date: Tue, 23 Mar 2004 18:56:15 +0000
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>>>>> "Tim" == Tim Ruiz <tim@godaddy.com> writes:

    Tim> http://www.icann.org/announcements/announcement-19mar04.htm

    Tim> I found the .MOBI and .TEL applications of particular
    Tim> interest, especially the .TEL application from pulver.com:

    Tim> http://www.icann.org/tlds/stld-apps-19mar04/tel-pulver.htm

    Tim> I was wondering if you have had a chance to look at that. It
    Tim> appears to my less qualified eye that it would conflict with
    Tim> ENUM.  Is my reading of it correct?

Yes. It doesn't conflict with ENUM: the proposal merely copies the
ENUM name space under .tel instead of 164.arpa. Therefore it doesn't
offer anything new. And IMO, for that reason alone ICANN should reject
this application out of hand. If anything, the proposal is worse than
e164.arpa because there appear to be none of the necessary safeguards
that already apply to the e164.arpa tree.

If this TLD was created, then there would be all sorts of conflicts
such as confusion with the ENUM tree. [Where is your phone number
registered, .tel or .e164.arpa? And if it's both, which one is right?]
This is just a re-run of the "golden tree" rationale which has been
understood and generally accepted. Other nasties that lurk in this
proposed .tel concern national sovereignty. It's up to a government,
not Pulver, what gets done to its E.164 resources. Governments and
regulators are also likely to be concerned about things like consumer
protection, data privacy, slamming, hijacking, competition policy,
transparency, etc, etc.

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To: Marian Durkovic <md@bts.sk>
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Subject: Re: [Enum] Re: New Enumservice NoPSTN? 
In-Reply-To: Message from Marian Durkovic <md@bts.sk> 
   of "Tue, 23 Mar 2004 08:58:52 +0100." <20040323075852.GA57922@us.svf.stuba.sk> 
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>>>>> "Marian" == Marian Durkovic <md@bts.sk> writes:

    Marian> Anyway, this problem again rises the question about
    Marian> "smart" wildcards in ENUM. I think it's not possible to
    Marian> populate every unused number under ENUM-only range with
    Marian> some record, since we'll end up with billions of records,
    Marian> and we still don't catch every possible misdialing - users
    Marian> can dial anything (incomplete number, wrong number, too
    Marian> long number etc.):

Oh please, not yet another salespitch for wildcard RRs! :-(

There's absolutely no need to add resource records for non-existent
domain names (numbers). [Which is an impossibility in the DNS, but put
that to one side.] This is how the DNS works today. And it works just
fine.

An application is free to lookup whatever.it.likes.e164.arpa. If this
name exists, the application presumably gets back some valid NAPTR
records and all is good. If the name doesn't exist, the DNS returns an
NXDOMAIN. The application can then decide for itself what it should do
next. It could apply a default rule such as "route a call for this
number to SIP gateway foo" or report an error like "ENUM doesn't
recognise this number". ie the rule is in the application where it
belongs, not the DNS.

As for misdialling, so what? Why should an ENUM lookup for a broken
number be expected to work? [For some definition of "work".] Surely,
these should fail in essentially the same way as a misdialled or
invalid number on the PSTN?

    Marian> Instead, we need to look for a solution, which allows the
    Marian> "default route" in ENUM, i.e. how to route all numbers
    Marian> under some prefix not having explicit NAPTR record to this
    Marian> "default" route. In other words, we need "smart" wildcard

The juxtaposition of "smart" and "wildcard" in the context of DNS is
an oxymoron. :-) Have you forgotten the furore when Verisign put a
wildcard A record in .com which pointed at their sitefinder website?
This broke huge chunks of the internet. Wildcard RRs in e164.arpa are
likely to have comparable unpleasant consequences once ENUM systems
are widely deployed.

    Marian> - i.e. the wildcard which will _not_ depend on
    Marian> presence/absence of other records. This will also be of
    Marian> high benefit for DDI ranges and all the like.

Such a wildcard, if it could be created, would contradict the way the
world's name servers and the DNS protocol works today. A wildcard in
the DNS is only matched if the name being looked up does not exist as
*any* record type. In other words, it depends on the presence or
absence of other resource records. That won't change without a rewrite
of RFC103[45] and a very long period of migration. Good luck getting
that through IETF!

BTW, the excellent IAB statement on DNS wildcard RRs should be
mandatory reading for anyone thinking about deploying them. It's at:

	http://www.iab.org/documents/docs/2003-09-20-dns-wildcards.html

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From: "Livingood, Jason" <Jason_Livingood@cable.comcast.com>
To: "'Jim Reid'" <jim@rfc1035.com>, Tim Ruiz <tim@godaddy.com>
Cc: Richard Shockey <richard@shockey.us>, enum@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Enum] .TEL and ENUM? 
Date: Tue, 23 Mar 2004 15:19:37 -0500
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You should check out Jeff Pulver's personal blog on this item today:
http://192.246.69.231/jeff/personal/archives/000654.html

Jason

> >>>>> "Tim" == Tim Ruiz <tim@godaddy.com> writes:
> 
>     Tim> http://www.icann.org/announcements/announcement-19mar04.htm
> 
>     Tim> I found the .MOBI and .TEL applications of particular
>     Tim> interest, especially the .TEL application from pulver.com:
> 
>     Tim> http://www.icann.org/tlds/stld-apps-19mar04/tel-pulver.htm
> 
>     Tim> I was wondering if you have had a chance to look at that. It
>     Tim> appears to my less qualified eye that it would conflict with
>     Tim> ENUM.  Is my reading of it correct?

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Cc: Stastny Richard <Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at>, Marian Durkovic <md@bts.sk>,
        enum@ietf.org
From: RJ Auburn <rj@voxeo.com>
Subject: Re: [Enum] Re: New Enumservice NoPSTN?
Date: Tue, 23 Mar 2004 12:41:20 -0800
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I would also like to understand a bit more about some of the concerns 
of using wild card records in enum tree's.

Lets use the example where I own a complete range of numbers (lets use 
+1-555-666-1xxx as an example) and I want everything to end up on my 
sip server located at sip.voxeo.net. With wild cards this is very easy 
to do with the following record:

1.6.6.6.5.5.5.1.e164.arpa. NAPTR   0 0 "u" "E2U+sip" 
"!^(.*)$!sip:\1@sip.voxeo.net!" .

Without wild card records I would end up having to have 1000 records 
and they must each be a maintained and updated individually. For large 
companies that may want all their calls routed to a single proxy server 
I can see this being  a major pain to keep updated.

What do folks think of this? As a service provider that manages ten's 
of thousands of phone numbers I really would like to have something 
that does not require me to maintain that many records.

Is there another way to do this that works better? If so I would love 
to hear about it.

	RJ

---
RJ Auburn
CTO, Voxeo Corporation
tel:+1-407-418-1800


On Mar 23, 2004, at 02:27, Conroy, Lawrence (SMTP) wrote:

> Hi Folks,
>   at the risk of going way off-topic for ENUM (I haven't seen all of 
> the messages quoted ?):
>
> Note: before anyone jumps in to complain that wildcards are ALWAYS a 
> bad idea,
>       please spell out for idiots such as myself why it won't work in 
> this situation.
>       (i.e. not that it is difficult or acts in an unexpected way, but 
> exactly what
>       it does that is not what's required here).
>
> (i)  This comes about due to some implicit assumptions that are 
> outside the protocol.
>  -   Specifically, what to do if there is no ENUM domain for a given 
> E.164 number.
>      Most of the time, dumping to the PSTN works, but this *is* an 
> ASSUMPTION and
>      is broken in some cases. The protocol is fine, the assumption may 
> not be.
> (ii) I don't understand what's so smart about the proposed wildcard at 
> the apex of
>      an "ENUM-only" number range (i.e. in a Tier 1 server).
>      It comes up again and again, but I *had* thought that with a 
> standard wildcard,
>      if there's a delegation for a queried leaf sub-domain (i.e. there 
> *is* an ENUM-only
>      number) then that will get returned, else the wildcard will be 
> returned.
>      The only time that you'll have a problem is if there is ANY 
> intermediary RR under
>      the wildcard (so delegating for a subsidiary block is out, or at 
> least there must
>      be another wildcard "under" that block). So... what's smart about 
> this wildcard?
>
> all the best,
>   Lawrence
>
> On 23 Mar 2004, at 7:58 am, Marian Durkovic wrote:
> <snip>
>> Anyway, this problem again rises the question about "smart" wildcards 
>> in
>> ENUM. I think it's not possible to populate every unused number under
>> ENUM-only range with some record, since we'll end up with billions of
>> records, and we still don't catch every possible misdialing - users
>> can dial anything (incomplete number, wrong number, too long number 
>> etc.):
>>
>> +87810 12
>> +87810 1115553  or even
>> +87810 1235671253652635172536153267156215367215312527651352167
>>
>> Instead, we need to look for a solution, which allows the "default 
>> route"
>> in ENUM, i.e. how to route all numbers under some prefix not having 
>> explicit
>> NAPTR record to this "default" route. In other words, we need "smart"
>> wildcard - i.e. the wildcard which will _not_ depend on 
>> presence/absence of
>> other records. This will also be of high benefit for DDI ranges and 
>> all
>> the like.
>
> _______________________________________________
> enum mailing list
> enum@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/enum


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To: "Livingood, Jason" <Jason_Livingood@cable.comcast.com>
cc: Tim Ruiz <tim@godaddy.com>, Richard Shockey <richard@shockey.us>,
        enum@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Enum] .TEL and ENUM? 
In-Reply-To: Message from "Livingood, Jason" <Jason_Livingood@cable.comcast.com> 
   of "Tue, 23 Mar 2004 15:19:37 EST." <E1DDBE5DF628DC40A36761E03AF5CCFFB054EF@divexcg03.cable.comcast.com> 
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>>>>> "Jason" == Livingood, Jason <Jason_Livingood@cable.comcast.com> writes:

    Jason> You should check out Jeff Pulver's personal blog on this
    Jason> item today:
    Jason> http://192.246.69.231/jeff/personal/archives/000654.html

Thanks for the URL. However this says nothing new. It confirms he
either doesn't know or care about the many difficult issues of
sovereignty and national interests that apply to the use of E.164
numbers. I don't know whether this makes him a madman or a genius. :-)

BTW his reference to "multiple implementations of ENUM" is a nonsense.
When E.164 numbers are mapped into domain names, this can only be
called ENUM if the protocol that's used complies with RFC2916(bis). So
if the mapping is done under e164.arpa, it's ENUM. If it's somewhere
else, it can't be ENUM.

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        "Livingood, Jason" <Jason_Livingood@cable.comcast.com>
From: Richard Shockey <richard@shockey.us>
Subject: Re: [Enum] .TEL and ENUM? 
Cc: Tim Ruiz <tim@godaddy.com>, enum@ietf.org
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At 03:51 PM 3/23/2004, Jim Reid wrote:

> >>>>> "Jason" == Livingood, Jason <Jason_Livingood@cable.comcast.com> writes:
>
>     Jason> You should check out Jeff Pulver's personal blog on this
>     Jason> item today:
>     Jason> http://192.246.69.231/jeff/personal/archives/000654.html
>
>Thanks for the URL. However this says nothing new. It confirms he
>either doesn't know or care about the many difficult issues of
>sovereignty and national interests that apply to the use of E.164
>numbers. I don't know whether this makes him a madman or a genius. :-)
>
>BTW his reference to "multiple implementations of ENUM" is a nonsense.
>When E.164 numbers are mapped into domain names, this can only be
>called ENUM if the protocol that's used complies with RFC2916(bis). So
>if the mapping is done under e164.arpa, it's ENUM. If it's somewhere
>else, it can't be ENUM.

Well that maybe stretching the semantics a bit  .. there are folks that 
want to use the technology of ENUM for all sorts of private telephony 
signalling purposes and many of them are operators and the tree of 
resolution is not and will not be in e164.arpa. The discussions over 
Operator ENUM have been going on for years NetNumber et al have had 
services available and that's just great. Its just I don't think a private 
product offering needs an endorsement by ICANN.

2916bis is fundamentally about trust and preserving the integrity of the 
ITU E.164 numbering plan and the administrative rights and privileges 
accorded nation states under that plan.

It might be worth noting that the E.164 plan helped make the global PSTN 
possible. Trust in both the E.164 plan and the admistrative procedures 
surrounding the implementation of RFC 2916bis is essential if we want to 
roll out global VoIP and other services. Trust in a global system that all 
service providers, world wide, can rely upon.



 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Richard Shockey, Senior Manager, Strategic Technology Initiatives
NeuStar Inc.
46000 Center Oak Plaza  -   Sterling, VA  20166
sip:rshockey(at)iptel.org   sip:57141@fwd.pulver.com
ENUM +87810-13313-31331
PSTN Office +1 571.434.5651 PSTN Mobile: +1 703.593.2683,  Fax: +1 815.333.1237
<mailto:richard(at)shockey.us> or <mailto:richard.shockey(at)neustar.biz>
<http://www.neustar.biz> ; <http://www.enum.org>
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<


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From: "Christian de Larrinaga" <cdel@firsthand.net>
To: "Jim Reid" <jim@rfc1035.com>,
        "Livingood, Jason" <Jason_Livingood@cable.comcast.com>
Cc: "Tim Ruiz" <tim@godaddy.com>, "Richard Shockey" <richard@shockey.us>,
        <enum@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Enum] .TEL and ENUM? 
Date: Tue, 23 Mar 2004 22:59:31 -0000
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well surely e164 numbers is just one numbering plan implementable using ENUM
rather than the only one?

Christian

> >>>>> "Jason" == Livingood, Jason
> <Jason_Livingood@cable.comcast.com> writes:
>
>     Jason> You should check out Jeff Pulver's personal blog on this
>     Jason> item today:
>     Jason> http://192.246.69.231/jeff/personal/archives/000654.html
>
> Thanks for the URL. However this says nothing new. It confirms he
> either doesn't know or care about the many difficult issues of
> sovereignty and national interests that apply to the use of E.164
> numbers. I don't know whether this makes him a madman or a genius. :-)
>
> BTW his reference to "multiple implementations of ENUM" is a nonsense.
> When E.164 numbers are mapped into domain names, this can only be
> called ENUM if the protocol that's used complies with RFC2916(bis). So
> if the mapping is done under e164.arpa, it's ENUM. If it's somewhere
> else, it can't be ENUM.
>
> _______________________________________________
> enum mailing list
> enum@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/enum
>


_______________________________________________
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Cc: "Jim Reid" <jim@rfc1035.com>,
        "Livingood, Jason" <Jason_Livingood@cable.comcast.com>,
        "Tim Ruiz" <tim@godaddy.com>, "Richard Shockey" <richard@shockey.us>,
        <enum@ietf.org>
From: Adrian Georgescu <ag@ag-projects.com>
Subject: Re: [Enum] .TEL and ENUM? 
Date: Wed, 24 Mar 2004 00:32:08 +0100
To: "Christian de Larrinaga" <cdel@firsthand.net>
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Indeed, ENUM may work under any TLD. But creating a paralel root  to 
e164.arpa. is not the answer for the current issues we have with it.

Adrian

On Mar 23, 2004, at 11:59 PM, Christian de Larrinaga wrote:

> well surely e164 numbers is just one numbering plan implementable 
> using ENUM
> rather than the only one?
>
> Christian
>
>>>>>>> "Jason" == Livingood, Jason
>> <Jason_Livingood@cable.comcast.com> writes:
>>
>>     Jason> You should check out Jeff Pulver's personal blog on this
>>     Jason> item today:
>>     Jason> http://192.246.69.231/jeff/personal/archives/000654.html
>>
>> Thanks for the URL. However this says nothing new. It confirms he
>> either doesn't know or care about the many difficult issues of
>> sovereignty and national interests that apply to the use of E.164
>> numbers. I don't know whether this makes him a madman or a genius. :-)
>>
>> BTW his reference to "multiple implementations of ENUM" is a nonsense.
>> When E.164 numbers are mapped into domain names, this can only be
>> called ENUM if the protocol that's used complies with RFC2916(bis). So
>> if the mapping is done under e164.arpa, it's ENUM. If it's somewhere
>> else, it can't be ENUM.
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> enum mailing list
>> enum@ietf.org
>> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/enum
>>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> enum mailing list
> enum@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/enum


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From: Ray Anderson <ray@bango.net>
Subject: Re: [Enum] .TEL and ENUM? 
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Its the "difficult stuff" around the technology that takes the time and 
requires the massive investment.

Thats why the "official" tree is the one that will get support and which 
will have great value.  I'm sure
there will be some oddball private namespaces like .tel might be able to 
become, but in the scheme of
things they will be niche and not worth much attention.

UMTS 's big value is in the "U" - not in the protocols or spectrum.  Thats 
what made it hard, and
makes it last for tens of years.   Just as the "M" in GSM made it the place 
to be.

For what its worth, Bango is totally committed to using ENUM to determine 
the real "home/owner" for
phone numbers because its the best chance we have.

At 21:26 23/03/2004, Richard Shockey wrote:
It might be worth noting that the E.164 plan helped make the global PSTN 
possible. Trust in both the E.164 plan and the admistrative procedures 
surrounding the implementation of RFC 2916bis is essential if we want to 
roll out global VoIP and other services. Trust in a global system that all 
service providers, world wide, can rely upon.


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To: Christian de Larrinaga <cdel@firsthand.net>
cc: Tim Ruiz <tim@godaddy.com>, Richard Shockey <richard@shockey.us>,
        enum@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Enum] .TEL and ENUM? 
In-Reply-To: Message from "Christian de Larrinaga" <cdel@firsthand.net> 
   of "Tue, 23 Mar 2004 22:59:31 GMT." <MABBIEBOAFJNELEGFHCKMEKBJPAA.cdel@firsthand.net> 
Date: Wed, 24 Mar 2004 00:19:56 +0000
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>>>>> "Christian" == Christian de Larrinaga <cdel@firsthand.net> writes:

    Christian> well surely e164 numbers is just one numbering plan
    Christian> implementable using ENUM rather than the only one?

ENUM is defined in RFC2916(bis). This maps E.164 numbers into domain
names under e164.arpa. E.164 numbers could be, and indeed are, mapped
into domain names anywhere in the DNS. And, in principle, any numbering
scheme could be mapped into domain names under e164.arpa. But neither
of these should be called ENUM. They might be ENUM-like, but they're
not ENUM as it's understood by RFC2916(bis). What's also in this RFC
is a role for ITU in the delegation process for country codes. This
implicitly safeguards national interests and the sovereignty issues
surrounding national resources: a country's E.164 numbers. AFAIK no
other "ENUM-like" mapping scheme for E.164 numbers provides those
essential safeguards.

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Date: Tue, 23 Mar 2004 19:14:09 -0500
To: "Christian de Larrinaga" <cdel@firsthand.net>,
        "Jim Reid" <jim@rfc1035.com>,
        "Livingood, Jason" <Jason_Livingood@cable.comcast.com>
From: Richard Shockey <richard@shockey.us>
Subject: RE: [Enum] .TEL and ENUM? 
Cc: "Tim Ruiz" <tim@godaddy.com>, <enum@ietf.org>
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At 05:59 PM 3/23/2004, Christian de Larrinaga wrote:

>well surely e164 numbers is just one numbering plan implementable using ENUM
>rather than the only one?


Well funny you mention other numbering plans .. if you look a the global 
plan for the next generation barcode technology.. aka EPCglobal using RFID 
the methodology for resolving the EPC code into the Object Name Service 
looks a lot like ENUM ( for some odd reason :-)) but again in a different 
domain.

http://www.epcglobalinc.org/standards_technology/Secure/v1.0/WD-ons-1.0-20030930.pdf


I'd go so far to say that enterprise private dialing plans can be easily 
implemented within their own domains using the DNS and the technology 
outlined in 2916 and for any number of reasons makes a great deal of sense. 
Great way to force interoperability among diverse SIP based IP PBX's.


>Christian
>
> > >>>>> "Jason" == Livingood, Jason
> > <Jason_Livingood@cable.comcast.com> writes:
> >
> >     Jason> You should check out Jeff Pulver's personal blog on this
> >     Jason> item today:
> >     Jason> http://192.246.69.231/jeff/personal/archives/000654.html
> >
> > Thanks for the URL. However this says nothing new. It confirms he
> > either doesn't know or care about the many difficult issues of
> > sovereignty and national interests that apply to the use of E.164
> > numbers. I don't know whether this makes him a madman or a genius. :-)
> >
> > BTW his reference to "multiple implementations of ENUM" is a nonsense.
> > When E.164 numbers are mapped into domain names, this can only be
> > called ENUM if the protocol that's used complies with RFC2916(bis). So
> > if the mapping is done under e164.arpa, it's ENUM. If it's somewhere
> > else, it can't be ENUM.
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > enum mailing list
> > enum@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/enum
> >


 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Richard Shockey, Senior Manager, Strategic Technology Initiatives
NeuStar Inc.
46000 Center Oak Plaza  -   Sterling, VA  20166
sip:rshockey(at)iptel.org   sip:57141@fwd.pulver.com
ENUM +87810-13313-31331
PSTN Office +1 571.434.5651 PSTN Mobile: +1 703.593.2683,  Fax: +1 815.333.1237
<mailto:richard(at)shockey.us> or <mailto:richard.shockey(at)neustar.biz>
<http://www.neustar.biz> ; <http://www.enum.org>
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Subject: Re: [Enum] .TEL and ENUM? 
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At 06:30 PM 3/23/2004, Ray Anderson wrote:


>Its the "difficult stuff" around the technology that takes the time and 
>requires the massive investment.
>
>Thats why the "official" tree is the one that will get support and which 
>will have great value.  I'm sure there will be some oddball private 
>namespaces like .tel might be able to become, but in the scheme of things 
>they will be niche and not worth much attention.

We've noticed alternative roots  havent gone very far either ..including 
that New.NET thing or whatever it was called.


>UMTS 's big value is in the "U" - not in the protocols or spectrum.  Thats 
>what made it hard, and
>makes it last for tens of years.   Just as the "M" in GSM made it the 
>place to be.
>
>For what its worth, Bango is totally committed to using ENUM to determine 
>the real "home/owner" for phone numbers because its the best chance we have.

well said and thanks for the support some of us are working on 1. as fast 
as we can..



 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Richard Shockey, Senior Manager, Strategic Technology Initiatives
NeuStar Inc.
46000 Center Oak Plaza  -   Sterling, VA  20166
sip:rshockey(at)iptel.org   sip:57141@fwd.pulver.com
ENUM +87810-13313-31331
PSTN Office +1 571.434.5651 PSTN Mobile: +1 703.593.2683,  Fax: +1 815.333.1237
<mailto:richard(at)shockey.us> or <mailto:richard.shockey(at)neustar.biz>
<http://www.neustar.biz> ; <http://www.enum.org>
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Jim and all,

  Sitefinder didn't break anything.  Wildcard entries for DNS are widely
desired and utilized.  Haralds take is not broadly shared despite the
IAB's endorsement.  The Wildcard argument raged several times
before on other forum's fora.  The gospel according to Harald/IAB
is only one book in the ongoing development of the DNS Bible...

Jim Reid wrote:

> >>>>> "Marian" == Marian Durkovic <md@bts.sk> writes:
>
>     Marian> Anyway, this problem again rises the question about
>     Marian> "smart" wildcards in ENUM. I think it's not possible to
>     Marian> populate every unused number under ENUM-only range with
>     Marian> some record, since we'll end up with billions of records,
>     Marian> and we still don't catch every possible misdialing - users
>     Marian> can dial anything (incomplete number, wrong number, too
>     Marian> long number etc.):
>
> Oh please, not yet another salespitch for wildcard RRs! :-(
>
> There's absolutely no need to add resource records for non-existent
> domain names (numbers). [Which is an impossibility in the DNS, but put
> that to one side.] This is how the DNS works today. And it works just
> fine.
>
> An application is free to lookup whatever.it.likes.e164.arpa. If this
> name exists, the application presumably gets back some valid NAPTR
> records and all is good. If the name doesn't exist, the DNS returns an
> NXDOMAIN. The application can then decide for itself what it should do
> next. It could apply a default rule such as "route a call for this
> number to SIP gateway foo" or report an error like "ENUM doesn't
> recognise this number". ie the rule is in the application where it
> belongs, not the DNS.
>
> As for misdialling, so what? Why should an ENUM lookup for a broken
> number be expected to work? [For some definition of "work".] Surely,
> these should fail in essentially the same way as a misdialled or
> invalid number on the PSTN?
>
>     Marian> Instead, we need to look for a solution, which allows the
>     Marian> "default route" in ENUM, i.e. how to route all numbers
>     Marian> under some prefix not having explicit NAPTR record to this
>     Marian> "default" route. In other words, we need "smart" wildcard
>
> The juxtaposition of "smart" and "wildcard" in the context of DNS is
> an oxymoron. :-) Have you forgotten the furore when Verisign put a
> wildcard A record in .com which pointed at their sitefinder website?
> This broke huge chunks of the internet. Wildcard RRs in e164.arpa are
> likely to have comparable unpleasant consequences once ENUM systems
> are widely deployed.
>
>     Marian> - i.e. the wildcard which will _not_ depend on
>     Marian> presence/absence of other records. This will also be of
>     Marian> high benefit for DDI ranges and all the like.
>
> Such a wildcard, if it could be created, would contradict the way the
> world's name servers and the DNS protocol works today. A wildcard in
> the DNS is only matched if the name being looked up does not exist as
> *any* record type. In other words, it depends on the presence or
> absence of other resource records. That won't change without a rewrite
> of RFC103[45] and a very long period of migration. Good luck getting
> that through IETF!
>
> BTW, the excellent IAB statement on DNS wildcard RRs should be
> mandatory reading for anyone thinking about deploying them. It's at:
>
>         http://www.iab.org/documents/docs/2003-09-20-dns-wildcards.html
>
> _______________________________________________
> enum mailing list
> enum@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/enum

Regards,

--
Jeffrey A. Williams
Spokesman for INEGroup LLA. - (Over 134k members/stakeholders strong!)
"Be precise in the use of words and expect precision from others" -
    Pierre Abelard

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liability depends upon whether B is less than L multiplied by
P: i.e., whether B is less than PL."
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===============================================================
Updated 1/26/04
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References: <06CF906FE3998C4E944213062009F162233C17@oefeg-s02.oefeg.loc> <6.0.3.0.2.20040322153019.03abd528@joy.songbird.com> <20040323075852.GA57922@us.svf.stuba.sk> <A6CDF985-7CB4-11D8-9C4D-00039355516C@roke.co.uk> <70AFD349-7D0A-11D8-8CD3-0003938E6664@voxeo.com>
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RJ and all,

RJ Auburn wrote:

> I would also like to understand a bit more about some of the concerns
> of using wild card records in enum tree's.
>
> Lets use the example where I own a complete range of numbers (lets use
> +1-555-666-1xxx as an example) and I want everything to end up on my
> sip server located at sip.voxeo.net. With wild cards this is very easy
> to do with the following record:
>
> 1.6.6.6.5.5.5.1.e164.arpa. NAPTR   0 0 "u" "E2U+sip"
> "!^(.*)$!sip:\1@sip.voxeo.net!" .

  Good approach...

>
>
> Without wild card records I would end up having to have 1000 records
> and they must each be a maintained and updated individually. For large
> companies that may want all their calls routed to a single proxy server
> I can see this being  a major pain to keep updated.

 Not only a pain but also prone to error making or other errors that
would likely go unnoticed or denied for some time before corrected..

>
>
> What do folks think of this? As a service provider that manages ten's
> of thousands of phone numbers I really would like to have something
> that does not require me to maintain that many records.
>
> Is there another way to do this that works better? If so I would love
> to hear about it.

  I would also...  Ask Harald!  >;)  And good luck with whatever answer
he MAY provide...

>
>
>         RJ
>
> ---
> RJ Auburn
> CTO, Voxeo Corporation
> tel:+1-407-418-1800
>
> On Mar 23, 2004, at 02:27, Conroy, Lawrence (SMTP) wrote:
>
> > Hi Folks,
> >   at the risk of going way off-topic for ENUM (I haven't seen all of
> > the messages quoted ?):
> >
> > Note: before anyone jumps in to complain that wildcards are ALWAYS a
> > bad idea,
> >       please spell out for idiots such as myself why it won't work in
> > this situation.
> >       (i.e. not that it is difficult or acts in an unexpected way, but
> > exactly what
> >       it does that is not what's required here).
> >
> > (i)  This comes about due to some implicit assumptions that are
> > outside the protocol.
> >  -   Specifically, what to do if there is no ENUM domain for a given
> > E.164 number.
> >      Most of the time, dumping to the PSTN works, but this *is* an
> > ASSUMPTION and
> >      is broken in some cases. The protocol is fine, the assumption may
> > not be.
> > (ii) I don't understand what's so smart about the proposed wildcard at
> > the apex of
> >      an "ENUM-only" number range (i.e. in a Tier 1 server).
> >      It comes up again and again, but I *had* thought that with a
> > standard wildcard,
> >      if there's a delegation for a queried leaf sub-domain (i.e. there
> > *is* an ENUM-only
> >      number) then that will get returned, else the wildcard will be
> > returned.
> >      The only time that you'll have a problem is if there is ANY
> > intermediary RR under
> >      the wildcard (so delegating for a subsidiary block is out, or at
> > least there must
> >      be another wildcard "under" that block). So... what's smart about
> > this wildcard?
> >
> > all the best,
> >   Lawrence
> >
> > On 23 Mar 2004, at 7:58 am, Marian Durkovic wrote:
> > <snip>
> >> Anyway, this problem again rises the question about "smart" wildcards
> >> in
> >> ENUM. I think it's not possible to populate every unused number under
> >> ENUM-only range with some record, since we'll end up with billions of
> >> records, and we still don't catch every possible misdialing - users
> >> can dial anything (incomplete number, wrong number, too long number
> >> etc.):
> >>
> >> +87810 12
> >> +87810 1115553  or even
> >> +87810 1235671253652635172536153267156215367215312527651352167
> >>
> >> Instead, we need to look for a solution, which allows the "default
> >> route"
> >> in ENUM, i.e. how to route all numbers under some prefix not having
> >> explicit
> >> NAPTR record to this "default" route. In other words, we need "smart"
> >> wildcard - i.e. the wildcard which will _not_ depend on
> >> presence/absence of
> >> other records. This will also be of high benefit for DDI ranges and
> >> all
> >> the like.
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > enum mailing list
> > enum@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/enum
>
> _______________________________________________
> enum mailing list
> enum@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/enum

Regards,

--
Jeffrey A. Williams
Spokesman for INEGroup LLA. - (Over 134k members/stakeholders strong!)
"Be precise in the use of words and expect precision from others" -
    Pierre Abelard

"If the probability be called P; the injury, L; and the burden, B;
liability depends upon whether B is less than L multiplied by
P: i.e., whether B is less than PL."
United States v. Carroll Towing  (159 F.2d 169 [2d Cir. 1947]
===============================================================
Updated 1/26/04
CSO/DIR. Internet Network Eng. SR. Eng. Network data security
IDNS. div. of Information Network Eng.  INEG. INC.
E-Mail jwkckid1@ix.netcom.com
 Registered Email addr with the USPS
Contact Number: 214-244-4827



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Subject: Re: [Enum] .TEL and ENUM?
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Jim and all,

Jim Reid wrote:

> >>>>> "Jason" == Livingood, Jason <Jason_Livingood@cable.comcast.com> writes:
>
>     Jason> You should check out Jeff Pulver's personal blog on this
>     Jason> item today:
>     Jason> http://192.246.69.231/jeff/personal/archives/000654.html
>
> Thanks for the URL. However this says nothing new. It confirms he
> either doesn't know or care about the many difficult issues of
> sovereignty and national interests that apply to the use of E.164
> numbers. I don't know whether this makes him a madman or a genius. :-)

  I would have to agree here...

>
>
> BTW his reference to "multiple implementations of ENUM" is a nonsense.
> When E.164 numbers are mapped into domain names, this can only be
> called ENUM if the protocol that's used complies with RFC2916(bis). So
> if the mapping is done under e164.arpa, it's ENUM. If it's somewhere
> else, it can't be ENUM.

  Of course RFC2916(bis) is flawed as I some time ago pointed out,
as it is too restrictive in general..  But I have already gone over all that
some time ago.  Hence leaving your last statement here invalid..
Therefor many different and "multiple implementations of ENUM"
will be done and will have various levels of success or failure...

>
>
> _______________________________________________
> enum mailing list
> enum@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/enum

Regards,
--
Jeffrey A. Williams
Spokesman for INEGroup LLA. - (Over 134k members/stakeholders strong!)
"Be precise in the use of words and expect precision from others" -
    Pierre Abelard

"If the probability be called P; the injury, L; and the burden, B;
liability depends upon whether B is less than L multiplied by
P: i.e., whether B is less than PL."
United States v. Carroll Towing  (159 F.2d 169 [2d Cir. 1947]
===============================================================
Updated 1/26/04
CSO/DIR. Internet Network Eng. SR. Eng. Network data security
IDNS. div. of Information Network Eng.  INEG. INC.
E-Mail jwkckid1@ix.netcom.com
 Registered Email addr with the USPS
Contact Number: 214-244-4827



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Subject: Re: [Enum] .TEL and ENUM?
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Richard and all,

Richard Shockey wrote:

> At 03:51 PM 3/23/2004, Jim Reid wrote:
>
> > >>>>> "Jason" == Livingood, Jason <Jason_Livingood@cable.comcast.com> writes:
> >
> >     Jason> You should check out Jeff Pulver's personal blog on this
> >     Jason> item today:
> >     Jason> http://192.246.69.231/jeff/personal/archives/000654.html
> >
> >Thanks for the URL. However this says nothing new. It confirms he
> >either doesn't know or care about the many difficult issues of
> >sovereignty and national interests that apply to the use of E.164
> >numbers. I don't know whether this makes him a madman or a genius. :-)
> >
> >BTW his reference to "multiple implementations of ENUM" is a nonsense.
> >When E.164 numbers are mapped into domain names, this can only be
> >called ENUM if the protocol that's used complies with RFC2916(bis). So
> >if the mapping is done under e164.arpa, it's ENUM. If it's somewhere
> >else, it can't be ENUM.
>
> Well that maybe stretching the semantics a bit  .. there are folks that
> want to use the technology of ENUM for all sorts of private telephony
> signalling purposes and many of them are operators and the tree of
> resolution is not and will not be in e164.arpa. The discussions over
> Operator ENUM have been going on for years NetNumber et al have had
> services available and that's just great. Its just I don't think a private
> product offering needs an endorsement by ICANN.

 Any endorsement from ICANN at this juncture is circumspect at best...

>
>
> 2916bis is fundamentally about trust and preserving the integrity of the
> ITU E.164 numbering plan and the administrative rights and privileges
> accorded nation states under that plan.

  I seriously question this as have many of the nation states governments
have begun to question it as well...

>
>
> It might be worth noting that the E.164 plan helped make the global PSTN
> possible.

  Yes helped.

> Trust in both the E.164 plan and the admistrative procedures
> surrounding the implementation of RFC 2916bis is essential if we want to
> roll out global VoIP and other services.

RFC 2916bis is not essential and in some instances or for some
countries not advisable...

> Trust in a global system that all
> service providers, world wide, can rely upon.

Good point if such a system is ever developed...

>
>
>  >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> Richard Shockey, Senior Manager, Strategic Technology Initiatives
> NeuStar Inc.
> 46000 Center Oak Plaza  -   Sterling, VA  20166
> sip:rshockey(at)iptel.org   sip:57141@fwd.pulver.com
> ENUM +87810-13313-31331
> PSTN Office +1 571.434.5651 PSTN Mobile: +1 703.593.2683,  Fax: +1 815.333.1237
> <mailto:richard(at)shockey.us> or <mailto:richard.shockey(at)neustar.biz>
> <http://www.neustar.biz> ; <http://www.enum.org>
> <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
>
> _______________________________________________
> enum mailing list
> enum@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/enum

Regards,

--
Jeffrey A. Williams
Spokesman for INEGroup LLA. - (Over 134k members/stakeholders strong!)
"Be precise in the use of words and expect precision from others" -
    Pierre Abelard

"If the probability be called P; the injury, L; and the burden, B;
liability depends upon whether B is less than L multiplied by
P: i.e., whether B is less than PL."
United States v. Carroll Towing  (159 F.2d 169 [2d Cir. 1947]
===============================================================
Updated 1/26/04
CSO/DIR. Internet Network Eng. SR. Eng. Network data security
IDNS. div. of Information Network Eng.  INEG. INC.
E-Mail jwkckid1@ix.netcom.com
 Registered Email addr with the USPS
Contact Number: 214-244-4827



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        Richard Shockey <richard@shockey.us>, enum@ietf.org
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Patrik_F=E4ltstr=F6m?= <paf@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [Enum] .TEL and ENUM? 
Date: Wed, 24 Mar 2004 07:37:07 +0100
To: Jim Reid <jim@rfc1035.com>
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On Mar 23, 2004, at 21:51, Jim Reid wrote:

> When E.164 numbers are mapped into domain names, this can only be
> called ENUM if the protocol that's used complies with RFC2916(bis). So
> if the mapping is done under e164.arpa, it's ENUM. If it's somewhere
> else, it can't be ENUM.

Yes, but...even if we are not that precise on the use of the word ENUM 
(I think you are right Jim, but...) we have problems.

The issue is that the calling party have to know, given only the E.164 
number is known, what domain name to add to the domain part which is 
created by the numbers.

If I happen to have the E.164 for Jeff, how do I know whether I should 
look up things in tel and not in e164.arpa and vice versa?

The whole idea with ENUM builds on the idea that the domain name is one 
and only one, except in closed areas (like inside an enterprise) where 
everyone agrees on use of something else. That is though as Jim says 
not ENUM, but "ENUM-like service" or "service using ENUM technology" or 
whatever.

So, IF tel is created, I only see a "war" in the market where either 
e164.arpa or tel "wins".

There can only be one...

And you all know what _I_ want.

     paf


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From: Marian Durkovic <md@bts.sk>
To: enum@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Enum] Re: New Enumservice NoPSTN?
Message-ID: <20040324094406.GA43709@us.svf.stuba.sk>
References: <06CF906FE3998C4E944213062009F162233C17@oefeg-s02.oefeg.loc> <6.0.3.0.2.20040322153019.03abd528@joy.songbird.com> <20040323075852.GA57922@us.svf.stuba.sk> <A6CDF985-7CB4-11D8-9C4D-00039355516C@roke.co.uk> <70AFD349-7D0A-11D8-8CD3-0003938E6664@voxeo.com>
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On Tue, Mar 23, 2004 at 12:41:20PM -0800, RJ Auburn wrote:
> 
> I would also like to understand a bit more about some of the concerns 
> of using wild card records in enum tree's.

The basic problem is that wildcard records work fine _only_ in case there's
no other record present in the zone. You can't do something like this

1.1.1.1         IN NAPTR ......
*               IN NAPTR ......

because the 1.1.1.1 record blocks also anything.1.1.1, anything.1.1 and 
anything.1 The result is, that query for 2.2.2.1 returns NXDOMAIN
and not the wildcard as you would perhaps expect.  
See the section 4.3.3 of RFC1034 for details.

The other problem mentioned here was that wildcards match anything, which is
not always desired, however this could be easily avoided by using smart
regexpr field - for example in our DDI ranges we now use a modified regexpr
syntax:

$ORIGIN 6.9.2.7.5.2.1.2.4.e164.arpa.
* IN  NAPTR 100 10 "u" "E2U+sip" "!^\\+421257296(...)$!sip:2\\1@stuba.sk!" .

and this regexpr only matches _exactly_ 3 digits of PBX extension - so any
misdialed numbers with incorrect legth are disallowed.

So - if you want to use wildcards:

1) don't place anything else in the zone
2) formulate the regexpr precisely in order to exactly match your needs.

Also note, that the solution for use of wildcards in DNS SEC is not (yet?)
known.  

> What do folks think of this? As a service provider that manages ten's
> of thousands of phone numbers I really would like to have something
> that does not require me to maintain that many records.

I fully share your view and that's why we're using wildcards here.


	With kind regards,

		M.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
----                                                                  ----
----   Marian Durkovic                       network  manager         ----
----                                                                  ----
----   Slovak Technical University           Tel: +421 2 524 51 301   ----
----   Computer Centre, Nam. Slobody 17      Fax: +421 2 524 94 351   ----
----   812 43 Bratislava, Slovak Republic    E-mail/sip: md@bts.sk    ----
----                                                                  ----
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

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From: "Christian de Larrinaga" <cdel@firsthand.net>
To: =?us-ascii?Q?Patrik_Faltstrom?= <paf@cisco.com>,
        "Jim Reid" <jim@rfc1035.com>
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        "Livingood, Jason" <Jason_Livingood@cable.comcast.com>,
        "Richard Shockey" <richard@shockey.us>, <enum@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Enum] .TEL and ENUM? 
Date: Wed, 24 Mar 2004 09:57:59 -0000
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> Patrik Faltstrom  wrote 24 March 2004 06:37

> The issue is that the calling party have to know, given only the E.164
> number is known, what domain name to add to the domain part which is
> created by the numbers.
>
> If I happen to have the E.164 for Jeff, how do I know whether I should
> look up things in tel and not in e164.arpa and vice versa?
>

If I've read what Jeff proposes right he is suggesting is that .tel will be
used only by operators (so users of those operators will just dial or push
to talk or whatever) and the .tel service will default to e164.arpa if the
record for that number exists in e164.arpa. (I haven't seen a technical
appraisal that sets out how they propose to achieve this)


Christian


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Wed Mar 24 05:06:32 2004
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From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Patrik_F=E4ltstr=F6m?= <paf@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [Enum] .TEL and ENUM? 
Date: Wed, 24 Mar 2004 11:02:37 +0100
To: "Christian de Larrinaga" <cdel@firsthand.net>
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On Mar 24, 2004, at 10:57, Christian de Larrinaga wrote:

>> Patrik Faltstrom  wrote 24 March 2004 06:37
>
>> The issue is that the calling party have to know, given only the E.164
>> number is known, what domain name to add to the domain part which is
>> created by the numbers.
>>
>> If I happen to have the E.164 for Jeff, how do I know whether I should
>> look up things in tel and not in e164.arpa and vice versa?
>>
>
> If I've read what Jeff proposes right he is suggesting is that .tel 
> will be
> used only by operators (so users of those operators will just dial or 
> push
> to talk or whatever) and the .tel service will default to e164.arpa if 
> the
> record for that number exists in e164.arpa. (I haven't seen a technical
> appraisal that sets out how they propose to achieve this)

They can already to that in tel.pulver.com. A new TLD is not needed.

    paf


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Date: Wed, 24 Mar 2004 11:54:56 +0100
From: Marian Durkovic <md@bts.sk>
To: enum@ietf.org
Cc: Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at
Subject: Re: [Enum] Re: New Enumservice NoPSTN?
Message-ID: <20040324105456.GA46670@us.svf.stuba.sk>
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On Tue, Mar 23, 2004 at 08:00:14PM +0000, Jim Reid wrote:
> >>>>> "Marian" == Marian Durkovic <md@bts.sk> writes:
> 
>     Marian> Anyway, this problem again rises the question about
>     Marian> "smart" wildcards in ENUM. I think it's not possible to
>     Marian> populate every unused number under ENUM-only range with
>     Marian> some record, since we'll end up with billions of records,
>     Marian> and we still don't catch every possible misdialing - users
>     Marian> can dial anything (incomplete number, wrong number, too
>     Marian> long number etc.):
> 
> Oh please, not yet another salespitch for wildcard RRs! :-(
> 
> There's absolutely no need to add resource records for non-existent
> domain names (numbers).

Well, as Richard pointed out, there probably _is_ a need to do that - in case
you want to influence the default behaviour encoded in applications.

For ENUM-only range, there's no routing information in the PSTN, and the
only usable info is in the ENUM tree. If application applies the 
default behaviour of routing all NXDOMAINs into PSTN, and PSTN
is instructed to route ENUM-only ranges back to some IP gateway, you
1) unnecessarily bother PSTN and 2) you might easily create a loop.

What Richard is looking for is the method how to tell the aplication "please
_never_ use PSTN in case that NAPTR for the exact number does not exist".

> Such a wildcard, if it could be created, would contradict the way the
> world's name servers and the DNS protocol works today. A wildcard in
> the DNS is only matched if the name being looked up does not exist as
> *any* record type. In other words, it depends on the presence or
> absence of other resource records. That won't change without a rewrite
> of RFC103[45] and a very long period of migration. Good luck getting
> that through IETF!

I don't think there's any need to redefine the RFC103[45]. The "default route"
behaviour might probably be also achieved by some other means, like another
record in the zone, another flags in NAPTR or another infrastructure ENUM
zone. For example, the following approach might work:

Fictive ENUM-only zone:  +421 700 ... 

$ORIGIN  0.0.7.1.2.4.e164.arpa.
* IN  NAPTR 10 10 "d"   ->   would be the default record for the +421 700 ...
  IN  NAPTR 10 10 "e"   ->   would be the redirector for exact records
                             pointing to other DNS zone e.g. 700.mydomain.org
                             or perhaps even  E.0.0.7.1.2.4.e164.arpa.

Then you can disable PSTN fallback or set other options in the default record
and proceed with normal ENUM rules in the exact tree.

As mentioned before, this will be of high benefit also for DDI ranges, since
here you can set the default record to use the VoIP gateway attached to PBX
and list only exceptions in the exact tree.



	With kind regards,

		M.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
----                                                                  ----
----   Marian Durkovic                       network  manager         ----
----                                                                  ----
----   Slovak Technical University           Tel: +421 2 524 51 301   ----
----   Computer Centre, Nam. Slobody 17      Fax: +421 2 524 94 351   ----
----   812 43 Bratislava, Slovak Republic    E-mail/sip: md@bts.sk    ----
----                                                                  ----
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

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From: "Christian de Larrinaga" <cdel@firsthand.net>
To: =?us-ascii?Q?Patrik_Faltstrom?= <paf@cisco.com>
Cc: <enum@ietf.org>, "Jim Reid" <jim@rfc1035.com>,
        "Livingood, Jason" <Jason_Livingood@cable.comcast.com>,
        "Tim Ruiz" <tim@godaddy.com>, "Richard Shockey" <richard@shockey.us>
Subject: RE: [Enum] .TEL and ENUM? 
Date: Wed, 24 Mar 2004 11:06:37 -0000
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> From: Patrik Faltstrom [mailto:paf@cisco.com]
> Sent: 24 March 2004 10:03
>
>
> They can already to that in tel.pulver.com. A new TLD is not needed.
>
>     paf
>

Yes that is exactly what I suggested to Jeff :-).

I am not a part of Jeff's bid and so not an apologist for him but I think
there is an interesting inference here that is worth exploring.

First a big IF

IF

Pulver's .tel idea will reliably defer first to the official e164 root
(where it exists) AND is private ENUM (or ENUM like!) for operator use only

THEN

we can ask the question

Is it better to have an appraised and openly available service for operators
only that is approved and under the authority of ICANN communities than
leave the space completely wild to just any.enumlike.com as is the situation
today?

If so then applying for an SLD begins to look public spirited! As only by
applying for an SLD at ICANN can one achieve that level of public oversight
over an ENUM (like!) application by operators that defers reliably to the
delegated national authorities.


Christian


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Subject: Re: [Enum] .TEL and ENUM? 
In-Reply-To: Message from "Christian de Larrinaga" <cdel@firsthand.net> 
   of "Wed, 24 Mar 2004 09:57:59 GMT." <MABBIEBOAFJNELEGFHCKKEKNJPAA.cdel@firsthand.net> 
Date: Wed, 24 Mar 2004 11:15:27 +0000
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>>>>> "Christian" == Christian de Larrinaga <cdel@firsthand.net> writes:

    Christian> If I've read what Jeff proposes right he is suggesting
    Christian> is that .tel will be used only by operators (so users
    Christian> of those operators will just dial or push to talk or
    Christian> whatever) and the .tel service will default to
    Christian> e164.arpa if the record for that number exists in
    Christian> e164.arpa.

This may be true, but it's pointless and irrelevant. It's not a
justification for a new TLD. If operators want to put phone numbers
into some mutually agreed part of the DNS, they can do that
already. [Some will have doing this for a while.] All they need to do
is agree where the tree goes in the DNS and make sure it's not
public. A telco might need to lookup my unlisted number to route calls
to me. But that data must not be in the public DNS for obvious
reasons.

If telcos need to decide on a mutually agreed domain name for this,
they can do this through various industry bodies like ETSI or ITU.
It doesn't need a new TLD. Or any other domain name for that matter.
That's why we have e164.arpa.

Oh and if Jeff is saying e164.arpa will be preferred over .tel
entries, what's the point of ever populating .tel? This would be as
stupid as creating a .kom TLD and then saying this only gets used if
the name isn't already in .com.

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Wed Mar 24 06:53:33 2004
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To: enum@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Enum] .TEL and ENUM? 
In-reply-to: Your message of Wed, 24 Mar 2004 11:02:37 +0100.
             <610A54A7-7D7A-11D8-9B8B-000A95B2B926@cisco.com> 
Date: Wed, 24 Mar 2004 12:49:37 +0100
From: Jaap Akkerhuis <jaap@sidn.nl>
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    They can already to that in tel.pulver.com. A new TLD is not
    needed.

Apart from that, note that the other .tel bid excludes ENUM-style
use.

If I recall correctly, with the previous bunch of new TLDs, ICANN
decided that if there were multiple bids for the same name, the
parties should make a combined bid. They refused to choose. (Or
maybe this was just the position of some board members). Something
like that might happen again.

Note that the comment periode start the 1st of April (no joke). It
might be better to comment to ICANN directly then on this list.

	jaap

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        Tim Ruiz <tim@godaddy.com>, Richard Shockey <richard@shockey.us>
Subject: Re: [Enum] .TEL and ENUM? 
In-Reply-To: Message from "Christian de Larrinaga" <cdel@firsthand.net> 
   of "Wed, 24 Mar 2004 11:06:37 GMT." <MABBIEBOAFJNELEGFHCKGELAJPAA.cdel@firsthand.net> 
Date: Wed, 24 Mar 2004 11:53:44 +0000
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>>>>> "Christian" == Christian de Larrinaga <cdel@firsthand.net> writes:

    Christian> Is it better to have an appraised and openly available
    Christian> service for operators only that is approved and under
    Christian> the authority of ICANN communities than leave the space
    Christian> completely wild to just any.enumlike.com as is the
    Christian> situation today?

This question doesn't follow from your hypotheticals. There is no role
for ICANN in ENUM. End of story. All ICANN have to do is oversee a
single consistent name space in the DNS which provides a platform for
ENUM and many other things.

If telcos want to have a private name space for whatever purpose they
like, that is up to them. Many enterprises do this already: internal
root servers on the corporate intranet. The telco operators can get
together and decide that name space for themselves, just like the
3G/GSM people have done with the bogus .gprs TLD. An ICANN-endorsed
TLD isn't needed. The telcos could arrange an industry standard for
operator ENUM though something like an ITU recommendation or an ETSI
standard. [ETSI is working on such a standard.] No doubt there are
other fora where internal telco conventions and standards get agreed.

Dragging ICANN into this arena may well turn out to be spectacularly
counter-productive. Imagine how say China will react if ICANN approves
.tel and Jeff starts entering Chinese E.164 numbers there without the
approval of the Chinese authorities. Repeat this for any other country
of your choosing. For bonus points, pick a country that's very
sensitive about the perception that the internet and ICANN is under
the control of the US government.

I fail to see how Jeff's .tel differs from any.enumlike.com, even if
.tel did exist with ICANN's blessing.

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To: Jaap Akkerhuis <jaap@sidn.nl>, enum@ietf.org
From: Richard Shockey <richard@shockey.us>
Subject: Re: [Enum] .TEL and ENUM? 
In-Reply-To: <200403241149.i2OBnbFH032127@bartok.sidn.nl>
References: <Your message of Wed, 24 Mar 2004 11:02:37 +0100. <610A54A7-7D7A-11D8-9B8B-000A95B2B926@cisco.com>
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At 06:49 AM 3/24/2004, Jaap Akkerhuis wrote:


>     They can already to that in tel.pulver.com. A new TLD is not
>     needed.
>
>Apart from that, note that the other .tel bid excludes ENUM-style
>use.
>
>If I recall correctly, with the previous bunch of new TLDs, ICANN
>decided that if there were multiple bids for the same name, the
>parties should make a combined bid. They refused to choose. (Or
>maybe this was just the position of some board members). Something
>like that might happen again.
>
>Note that the comment periode start the 1st of April (no joke). It
>might be better to comment to ICANN directly then on this list.

Thank you Japp ... a excellent suggestion to all.


>

 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Richard Shockey, Senior Manager, Strategic Technology Initiatives
NeuStar Inc.
46000 Center Oak Plaza  -   Sterling, VA  20166
sip:rshockey(at)iptel.org   sip:57141@fwd.pulver.com
ENUM +87810-13313-31331
PSTN Office +1 571.434.5651 PSTN Mobile: +1 703.593.2683,  Fax: +1 815.333.1237
<mailto:richard(at)shockey.us> or <mailto:richard.shockey(at)neustar.biz>
<http://www.neustar.biz> ; <http://www.enum.org>
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Wed Mar 24 18:35:46 2004
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Jim and all,

  I agree there is no good reason for .TEL or for that matter
a .xxx TLD.  However there is perhaps a desire for these
TLD's. Given that there such a desire, not allowing for their
inclusion/creation based on "Good reason" may not be
enough...

Jim Reid wrote:

> >>>>> "Christian" == Christian de Larrinaga <cdel@firsthand.net> writes:
>
>     Christian> If I've read what Jeff proposes right he is suggesting
>     Christian> is that .tel will be used only by operators (so users
>     Christian> of those operators will just dial or push to talk or
>     Christian> whatever) and the .tel service will default to
>     Christian> e164.arpa if the record for that number exists in
>     Christian> e164.arpa.
>
> This may be true, but it's pointless and irrelevant. It's not a
> justification for a new TLD. If operators want to put phone numbers
> into some mutually agreed part of the DNS, they can do that
> already. [Some will have doing this for a while.] All they need to do
> is agree where the tree goes in the DNS and make sure it's not
> public. A telco might need to lookup my unlisted number to route calls
> to me. But that data must not be in the public DNS for obvious
> reasons.
>
> If telcos need to decide on a mutually agreed domain name for this,
> they can do this through various industry bodies like ETSI or ITU.
> It doesn't need a new TLD. Or any other domain name for that matter.
> That's why we have e164.arpa.
>
> Oh and if Jeff is saying e164.arpa will be preferred over .tel
> entries, what's the point of ever populating .tel? This would be as
> stupid as creating a .kom TLD and then saying this only gets used if
> the name isn't already in .com.
>
> _______________________________________________
> enum mailing list
> enum@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/enum

Regards,

--
Jeffrey A. Williams
Spokesman for INEGroup LLA. - (Over 134k members/stakeholders strong!)
"Be precise in the use of words and expect precision from others" -
    Pierre Abelard

"If the probability be called P; the injury, L; and the burden, B;
liability depends upon whether B is less than L multiplied by
P: i.e., whether B is less than PL."
United States v. Carroll Towing  (159 F.2d 169 [2d Cir. 1947]
===============================================================
Updated 1/26/04
CSO/DIR. Internet Network Eng. SR. Eng. Network data security
IDNS. div. of Information Network Eng.  INEG. INC.
E-Mail jwkckid1@ix.netcom.com
 Registered Email addr with the USPS
Contact Number: 214-244-4827



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Jaap and all,

  Commenting to ICANN directly might help but I doubt it..
The two bids for .TEL are two different views of the confidence
in the direction the IETF has taken with ENUM, admitted or
not...

Jaap Akkerhuis wrote:

>     They can already to that in tel.pulver.com. A new TLD is not
>     needed.
>
> Apart from that, note that the other .tel bid excludes ENUM-style
> use.
>
> If I recall correctly, with the previous bunch of new TLDs, ICANN
> decided that if there were multiple bids for the same name, the
> parties should make a combined bid. They refused to choose. (Or
> maybe this was just the position of some board members). Something
> like that might happen again.
>
> Note that the comment periode start the 1st of April (no joke). It
> might be better to comment to ICANN directly then on this list.
>
>         jaap
>
> _______________________________________________
> enum mailing list
> enum@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/enum

Regards,

--
Jeffrey A. Williams
Spokesman for INEGroup LLA. - (Over 134k members/stakeholders strong!)
"Be precise in the use of words and expect precision from others" -
    Pierre Abelard

"If the probability be called P; the injury, L; and the burden, B;
liability depends upon whether B is less than L multiplied by
P: i.e., whether B is less than PL."
United States v. Carroll Towing  (159 F.2d 169 [2d Cir. 1947]
===============================================================
Updated 1/26/04
CSO/DIR. Internet Network Eng. SR. Eng. Network data security
IDNS. div. of Information Network Eng.  INEG. INC.
E-Mail jwkckid1@ix.netcom.com
 Registered Email addr with the USPS
Contact Number: 214-244-4827



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Subject: Re: [Enum] .TEL and ENUM?
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> From: Jeff Williams <jwkckid1@ix.netcom.com>
> Date: Wed, 24 Mar 2004 17:24:21 -0800
> To: Jim Reid <jim@rfc1035.com>
> Cc: Christian de Larrinaga <cdel@firsthand.net>, Patrik Faltstrom
> <paf@cisco.com>, Tim Ruiz <tim@godaddy.com>, Richard Shockey
> <richard@shockey.us>, enum@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Enum] .TEL and ENUM?
> 
> Jim and all,
> 
> I agree there is no good reason for .TEL or for that matter
> a .xxx TLD.  However there is perhaps a desire for these
> TLD's. Given that there such a desire, not allowing for their
> inclusion/creation based on "Good reason" may not be
> enough...
> 
What about the idea that I could use "me@carrier.tel" for my phone number?
It seems to me that the .tel TLD would be an ideal marker for consumer phone
and would easily differentiate to the average person that they were
referring to my phone instead of my e-mail account.

irwin


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Subject: Re: [Enum] .TEL and ENUM?
References: <BC87BB3E.585E%ilazar@burtongroup.com>
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Irwin and all,

Irwin Lazar wrote:

> > From: Jeff Williams <jwkckid1@ix.netcom.com>
> > Date: Wed, 24 Mar 2004 17:24:21 -0800
> > To: Jim Reid <jim@rfc1035.com>
> > Cc: Christian de Larrinaga <cdel@firsthand.net>, Patrik Faltstrom
> > <paf@cisco.com>, Tim Ruiz <tim@godaddy.com>, Richard Shockey
> > <richard@shockey.us>, enum@ietf.org
> > Subject: Re: [Enum] .TEL and ENUM?
> >
> > Jim and all,
> >
> > I agree there is no good reason for .TEL or for that matter
> > a .xxx TLD.  However there is perhaps a desire for these
> > TLD's. Given that there such a desire, not allowing for their
> > inclusion/creation based on "Good reason" may not be
> > enough...
> >
> What about the idea that I could use "me@carrier.tel" for my phone number?
> It seems to me that the .tel TLD would be an ideal marker for consumer phone
> and would easily differentiate to the average person that they were
> referring to my phone instead of my e-mail account.

  Sorry to burst your bubble here, but the "@" tells me it is an Email
address only..  < shrug >  Using a TLD or in this instance a "Class
of TLD, ergo an sTLD" for a marker can be helpful in some instances
for a class of goods or services.  But .TEL is a type of communication
service, not a class.  Hence in many instances domain names in the
.TEL name space could be very misleading...  Your example is only
one such instance...

>
>
> irwin
>
> _______________________________________________
> enum mailing list
> enum@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/enum

Regards,

--
Jeffrey A. Williams
Spokesman for INEGroup LLA. - (Over 134k members/stakeholders strong!)
"Be precise in the use of words and expect precision from others" -
    Pierre Abelard

"If the probability be called P; the injury, L; and the burden, B;
liability depends upon whether B is less than L multiplied by
P: i.e., whether B is less than PL."
United States v. Carroll Towing  (159 F.2d 169 [2d Cir. 1947]
===============================================================
Updated 1/26/04
CSO/DIR. Internet Network Eng. SR. Eng. Network data security
IDNS. div. of Information Network Eng.  INEG. INC.
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Date: Thu, 25 Mar 2004 14:25:06 +0000
From: "Clive D.W. Feather" <clive@demon.net>
To: Stastny Richard <Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at>
Cc: Marian Durkovic <md@bts.sk>, lwc@roke.co.uk, enum@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion
Message-ID: <20040325142506.GB20735@finch-staff-1.thus.net>
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Stastny Richard said:
> B. use a (one, common) second common tree (e164shadow.arpa, where you put 
> in only the wildcards for the number ranges in question. The processing
> assumption now should be: 
[...]
> C. Use individual second shadow trees, eg on a national level, eg in
> Austria e164shadow.at would be used. The problem here is how one can 
> find out the domain names of the individual trees. 
> One solution is to do it with a table in each server (which is not good).
>  
> The other solution is to put pointers in e164.arpa, eg SRV RR or even MX RR. 
[...]
> Since the structure of the delegations in e164.arpa varies (Tier 1 levels),
> there is no easy way to find out the level of the pointers, even if they are
> only on the Tier 1 layer.

If the shadow tree is shadow.e164.arpa, and if the delegation rule is that
the national authority getting <N>.e164.arpa is also delegated
<N>.shadow.e164.arpa (so the UK Tier 1 operator has both 4.4.e164.arpa and
4.4.shadow.e164.arpa), doesn't that give you both B and C without needing
to create another special SLD?

Obviously, "shadow" can be replaced by something shorter if felt desirable, 
such as "w" (for "wildcards").

-- 
Clive D.W. Feather  | Work:  <clive@demon.net>   | Tel:    +44 20 8495 6138
Internet Expert     | Home:  <clive@davros.org>  | *** NOTE CHANGE ***
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From: "Clive D.W. Feather" <clive@demon.net>
To: Stastny Richard <Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at>, #@demon.net
Cc: Marian Durkovic <md@bts.sk>, lwc@roke.co.uk, enum@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion#
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Stastny Richard said:
>>Obviously, "shadow" can be replaced by something shorter if felt desirable,
>>such as "w" (for "wildcards").
> 
>Of course, e164w.arpa would be sufficient.

But this requires a second SLD, which *will* lead to arguments. The
advantage of w.e164.arpa is that it's more information in the same tree;
otherwise people are going to say "why should we expect it to stop at
two SLDs?" or even "as well as e164w.arpa, we clearly need e164.com". This
is a can of worms we don't need to have opened.

Doing it my way also establishes a precedent for other reference
information in the tree. For example, tier 1 registries could use
registry.<N>.e164.arpa (e.g. r.4.4.e164.arpa) for number-independent stuff
(in the same way that nic.<CCTLD> is used to refer to the current NIC for
the country).

-- 
Clive D.W. Feather  | Work:  <clive@demon.net>   | Tel:    +44 20 8495 6138
Internet Expert     | Home:  <clive@davros.org>  | *** NOTE CHANGE ***
Demon Internet      | WWW: http://www.davros.org | Fax:    +44 870 051 9937
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From: "Stastny Richard" <Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at>
To: "Clive D.W. Feather" <clive@demon.net>, <#@demon.net>
Cc: "Marian Durkovic" <md@bts.sk>, <lwc@roke.co.uk>, <enum@ietf.org>
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Clive said:

> >Of course, e164w.arpa would be sufficient.
>=20
> But this requires a second SLD, which *will* lead to arguments. The
> advantage of w.e164.arpa is that it's more information in the same =
tree;
> otherwise people are going to say "why should we expect it to stop at
> two SLDs?" or even "as well as e164w.arpa, we clearly need e164.com". =
This
> is a can of worms we don't need to have opened.
[Richard>] I really do not care if it is w.e164.arpa or e164w.arpa,
most ENUM clients accept both of it, as long as the rest of the chain
is not broken. If you consider it easier to implement w.e164.arpa - =
fime.

BTW, who do you think will be responsible for making this decision?
>=20
> Doing it my way also establishes a precedent for other reference
> information in the tree. For example, tier 1 registries could use
> registry.<N>.e164.arpa (e.g. r.4.4.e164.arpa) for number-independent =
stuff
> (in the same way that nic.<CCTLD> is used to refer to the current NIC =
for
> the country).
[Richard>]=20
With this solution there will be a similar problem with nic.<cctLD>, not =
all
ccTLD are following this convention and that why RIPE proposed to =
introduce
and SRV record e.g. to point to the WHOIS domain.

The problem is similar to the problem where to put the MX record. You =
need
to know the length of the country code (this is the easy part, you get =
it
from the ITU-T webpage, but you still need to administer it). In =
addition,=20
if a country decides to use different tier 1 or a two layered tier 1, =
you=20
will get a problem. This will be especially the case in the NANPA.

Regards
Richard

>=20
> --
> Clive D.W. Feather  | Work:  <clive@demon.net>   | Tel:    +44 20 8495
> 6138
> Internet Expert     | Home:  <clive@davros.org>  | *** NOTE CHANGE ***
> Demon Internet      | WWW: http://www.davros.org | Fax:    +44 870 051
> 9937
> Thus plc            |                            | Mobile: +44 7973 =
377646

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To: "Stastny Richard" <Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at>
cc: "Marian Durkovic" <md@bts.sk>, lwc@roke.co.uk, enum@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion 
In-Reply-To: Message from "Stastny Richard" <Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at> 
   of "Thu, 25 Mar 2004 13:08:20 +0100." <06CF906FE3998C4E944213062009F162233C3E@oefeg-s02.oefeg.loc> 
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>>>>> "Richard" == Stastny Richard <Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at> writes:

    Richard> 4. Now the real problem starts: If the ENUM-query returns
    Richard> NXDOMAIN, the current assumption of all clients is: the
    Richard> call is routed to the PSTN if the server is able to do so
    Richard> (eventually with the ;enumdi set.

    Richard> The solutions proposed for this sofar are.

    Richard> A. use tables in each server.

Yes, this is unacceptable.

    Richard> B. use a (one, common) second common tree

    Richard> C. Use individual second shadow trees

B and C are ugly and evil. Alternate trees, however well intentioned,
give me the heebie-jeebies.

    Richard> D. Are there additional possibilities or proposals?

Yes. Use the additional information that's in the NXDOMAIN response.
This will include the SOA record for the zone enclosing the name that
was looked up. The name of that zone could be looked up to get a
NAPTR for a default SIP gateway or whatever. An example might clarify
this. 

Consider the non-existent phone number 1234567890.

An ENUM lookup of 0.9.8.7.6.5.4.3.2.1.e164.arpa returns NXDOMAIN. The
response includes a SOA record for 5.4.3.2.1.e164.arpa -- the
enclosing zone for this name. This will be in the Authority Section of
the reply. In other words, the name servers for 5.4.3.2.1.e164.arpa
are saying 0.9.8.7.6.5.4.3.2.1.e164.arpa doesn't exist. If I then
lookup 5.4.3.2.1.e164.arpa, this could have a NAPTR that gives me the
name of a SIP gateway that will do the Right Thing for 1234567890.

There's no need for wildcards or shadow tree ickiness. And it's nice
and clean for things like 800 and 900 numbers or DDI blocks. Calls to
these numbers will get shunted to the right "gateway". This does of
course make things a little bit trickier for a Tier-1 registry that
delegates every individual E.164 number.

BTW, what about NODATA responses from the DNS? ie The name exists, but
not as the QTYPE (NAPTR?) that was requested....

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Hi Jim,
let me see if I understand you proposal (I am not a DNS expert, sorry),
and if it works how it is intended. This may solve some other problems, =
too.

>     Richard> D. Are there additional possibilities or proposals?
>=20
> Yes. Use the additional information that's in the NXDOMAIN response.
> This will include the SOA record for the zone enclosing the name that
> was looked up. The name of that zone could be looked up to get a
> NAPTR for a default SIP gateway or whatever. An example might clarify
> this.
>=20
> Consider the non-existent phone number 1234567890.
>=20
> An ENUM lookup of 0.9.8.7.6.5.4.3.2.1.e164.arpa returns NXDOMAIN. The
> response includes a SOA record for 5.4.3.2.1.e164.arpa -- the
> enclosing zone for this name. This will be in the Authority Section of
> the reply. In other words, the name servers for 5.4.3.2.1.e164.arpa
> are saying 0.9.8.7.6.5.4.3.2.1.e164.arpa doesn't exist. If I then
> lookup 5.4.3.2.1.e164.arpa, this could have a NAPTR that gives me the
> name of a SIP gateway that will do the Right Thing for 1234567890.
>=20
> There's no need for wildcards or shadow tree ickiness. And it's nice
> and clean for things like 800 and 900 numbers or DDI blocks. Calls to
> these numbers will get shunted to the right "gateway". This does of
> course make things a little bit trickier for a Tier-1 registry that
> delegates every individual E.164 number.
[Richard>]=20
If I want to have a spezial policy for a number block, I put in a NAPTR
In the zone delegating the numbers to the next tier. This could either
be a default gateway as requested or a VOID NAPTR (for discussions sake)

So if a client gets a NXDOMAIN, he just has to do another lookup to
The domain returned in the SOA. If again no NAPTR is returned, another
SOA is return from the next higher zone. So he queries here for NAPTR.
So this can even be nested from bottom up. This is very nice, because
it would also solve the DDI and switchboard problem with PBX.
>=20
> BTW, what about NODATA responses from the DNS? ie The name exists, but
> not as the QTYPE (NAPTR?) that was requested....
[Richard>]=20
Could you please elaborate, I do not understand this.

Regards
Richard

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Date: Thu, 25 Mar 2004 16:52:03 +0100 (MET)
From: Andrzej Bartosiewicz <andrzejb@nask.pl>
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Subject: [Enum] ENUM "Phone book"
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NASK has developed the "Phone Book" for mobile phones (Personal Java)
based on ENUM/DNS.

more...
http://www.dns.pl/ENUM/enumClient.zip

If you are interested, please download. Be aware: it's the "alpha"
version.

Regards,
Andrzej Bartosiewicz.

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From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Patrik_F=E4ltstr=F6m?= <paf@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [Enum] ENUM "Phone book"
Date: Thu, 25 Mar 2004 17:48:56 +0100
To: Andrzej Bartosiewicz <andrzejb@nask.pl>
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On Mar 25, 2004, at 16:52, Andrzej Bartosiewicz wrote:

> NASK has developed the "Phone Book" for mobile phones (Personal Java)
> based on ENUM/DNS.
>
> more...
> http://www.dns.pl/ENUM/enumClient.zip
>
> If you are interested, please download. Be aware: it's the "alpha"
> version.

Works like a charm!

Excellent! Well done!

    paf


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From: Otmar Lendl <lendl@nic.at>
To: enum@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion
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On 2004/03/25 16:03, Jim Reid <jim@rfc1035.com> wrote:
> 
> Yes. Use the additional information that's in the NXDOMAIN response.
> This will include the SOA record for the zone enclosing the name that
> was looked up. The name of that zone could be looked up to get a
> NAPTR for a default SIP gateway or whatever. An example might clarify
> this. 

Jim,

this is a cute idea, especially for DDI on PBXes. For 800 numbers,
this could be a replacement for freenum.org.

I see issues (not showstoppers) with it, though:

* I'm not sure whether the current resolver libraries are designed
to pass additional information returned in an error response back to
the calling application. The typical gethostbyname - type functions
certainly don't. I haven't seen a standardised API to NAPTR
queries yet (all the code I have seen (asterisk, ser) by now does
manual response parsing -- yuck.), maybe you're early enough to
get this added.

* The scheme only works on zone boundaries. If we (as 3.4.e164.arpa Tier1)
were to implement this on +43780 (which is under discussion as ENUM-only
number range) we would have to delegate 0.8.7.3.4.e164.arpa to ourselves
first, and then delegate individual numbers from within that zone.

That violates our basic assumption that all delegation from the Tier1
will be within the 3.4.e164.arpa zone. Yes, one can program around
that, but it certainly won't make things easier for us.

> BTW, what about NODATA responses from the DNS? ie The name exists, but
> not as the QTYPE (NAPTR?) that was requested....

ditto with SRVFAIL. 

/ol
-- 
< Otmar Lendl (lendl@nic.at) | nic.at Systems Engineer >

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Subject: Re: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion 
In-Reply-To: Message from "Stastny Richard" <Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at> 
   of "Thu, 25 Mar 2004 16:45:07 +0100." <06CF906FE3998C4E944213062009F162233C45@oefeg-s02.oefeg.loc> 
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>>>>> "Richard" == Stastny Richard <Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at> writes:

    >>  Yes. Use the additional information that's in the NXDOMAIN
    >> response.  This will include the SOA record for the zone
    >> enclosing the name that was looked up. The name of that zone
    >> could be looked up to get a NAPTR for a default SIP gateway or
    >> whatever. An example might clarify this.
    >> 
    >> Consider the non-existent phone number 1234567890.
    >> 
    >> An ENUM lookup of 0.9.8.7.6.5.4.3.2.1.e164.arpa returns
    >> NXDOMAIN. The response includes a SOA record for
    >> 5.4.3.2.1.e164.arpa -- the enclosing zone for this name. This
    >> will be in the Authority Section of the reply. In other words,
    >> the name servers for 5.4.3.2.1.e164.arpa are saying
    >> 0.9.8.7.6.5.4.3.2.1.e164.arpa doesn't exist. If I then lookup
    >> 5.4.3.2.1.e164.arpa, this could have a NAPTR that gives me the
    >> name of a SIP gateway that will do the Right Thing for
    >> 1234567890.
    >> 
    >> There's no need for wildcards or shadow tree ickiness. And it's
    >> nice and clean for things like 800 and 900 numbers or DDI
    >> blocks. Calls to these numbers will get shunted to the right
    >> "gateway". This does of course make things a little bit
    >> trickier for a Tier-1 registry that delegates every individual
    >> E.164 number.

    Richard> So if a client gets a NXDOMAIN, he just has to do another
    Richard> lookup to The domain returned in the SOA.

Yes, but he *doesn't* have to do this. He should of course, but...

    Richard> If again no NAPTR is returned, another SOA is return from
    Richard> the next higher zone. So he queries here for NAPTR.

Nope! The SOA record is returned for the closest enclosing zone: the
delegation point. Let's take the example above. I get an NXDOMAIN when
looking up 0.9.8.7.6.5.4.3.2.1.e164.arpa. The SOA record for the
nearest delegation point, 5.4.3.2.1.e164.arpa, is returned in that
response. So I now look for a NAPTR (say) for 5.4.3.2.1.e164.arpa. If
this doesn't exist, I get an NXDOMAIN back. This time the *same* SOA
record will be returned because the 5.4.3.2.1.e164.arpa zone is the
nearest delegation point to 5.4.3.2.1.e164.arpa.

Now, I suppose an (idiot) application could walk up the tree, trying
4.3.2.1.e164.arpa, 3.2.1.e164.arpa, etc looking for the next highest
delegation point and hypothetical default NAPTR. But this is ugly and
should be avoided. Imagine the implications for a 10-12 digit phone
number.

    >>  BTW, what about NODATA responses from the DNS? ie The name
    >> exists, but not as the QTYPE (NAPTR?) that was requested....

    Richard> [Richard>] Could you please elaborate, I do not
    Richard> understand this.

Sure. Suppose I ask for NAPTRs for 0.9.8.7.6.5.4.3.2.1.e164.arpa.
There aren't any. But the name has a TXT record. Or an MX record.
Or... In this case, the server returns a NODATA response. The Answer
Section is empty, but the reply's status field is NOERROR, not
NXDOMAIN. The name 0.9.8.7.6.5.4.3.2.1.e164.arpa exists, but not as
the QTYPE -- NAPTR in this example -- that was looked up. This corner
case may need to be covered. There's nothing in RFC2916(bis) that says
only NAPTR records can exist as leaf nodes of e164.arpa. Clients
must/should be prepared to handle any legal resource records that
could get returned.

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From: Otmar Lendl <lendl@nic.at>
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Subject: Re: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion
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On 2004/03/25 18:03, Jim Reid <jim@rfc1035.com> wrote:
> 
>     >>  BTW, what about NODATA responses from the DNS? ie The name
>     >> exists, but not as the QTYPE (NAPTR?) that was requested....
> 
>     Richard> [Richard>] Could you please elaborate, I do not
>     Richard> understand this.
> 
> Sure. Suppose I ask for NAPTRs for 0.9.8.7.6.5.4.3.2.1.e164.arpa.
> There aren't any. But the name has a TXT record. Or an MX record.
> Or... In this case, the server returns a NODATA response. The Answer
> Section is empty, but the reply's status field is NOERROR, not
> NXDOMAIN. The name 0.9.8.7.6.5.4.3.2.1.e164.arpa exists, but not as
> the QTYPE -- NAPTR in this example -- that was looked up. This corner
> case may need to be covered. There's nothing in RFC2916(bis) that says
> only NAPTR records can exist as leaf nodes of e164.arpa. Clients
> must/should be prepared to handle any legal resource records that
> could get returned.

Even if there are NAPTR records, you still might not get a NAPTR with
enumservice for voice. My guess is that you should handle both cases
in the same way.

/ol
-- 
< Otmar Lendl (lendl@nic.at) | nic.at Systems Engineer >

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Date: Thu, 25 Mar 2004 19:07:59 +0100
From: Marian Durkovic <md@bts.sk>
To: enum@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion
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Hi all,

   well, please read at the bottom what I've proposed in July last year...
I'd prefer to have a special subdomain in order not to clash with misdialed
numbers.

Jim>  BTW, what about NODATA responses from the DNS? ie The name
Jim> exists, but not as the QTYPE (NAPTR?) that was requested....

as for NODATA response - this contains "NOERROR, 0 answers, 1 authority"
so it's usable the same way as NXDOMAIN - the authority section contains
the name of the authoritative zone.

However, other problem exists here - this approach will only work if all
info is present in the same zone, which is fine for DDI ranges and 800
numbers but probably not for ENUM-only range, unless you're prepared to 
store all records for ENUM-only range in the same DNS zone. Once
you delegate something, the authoritative zone changes and you have to
rely on Tier-x to place the default records in their zones.




----- Forwarded message from Patrik F?ltstr?m <paf@cisco.com> -----

From: Patrik F?ltstr?m <paf@cisco.com>
Date: Thu, 10 Jul 2003 11:26:15 +0200
To: Marian Durkovic <md@bts.sk>
Subject: Re: [Enum] Fwd: [Sipping] I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-sipping-e164-03.t xt
X-Mailer: Apple Mail (2.552)

On torsdag, jul 10, 2003, at 11:19 Europe/Stockholm, Marian Durkovic wrote:

>would you think this might be a solution?
>
>PBX prefix:   +421 5555 xxx
>
>ENUM client requests  1.1.1.5.5.5.5.1.2.4.e164.arpa.
>
>gets an answer: NXDOMAIN, authority record: 5.5.5.5.1.2.4.e164.arpa.
>
>Then the client performs a second query - either directly to
>
>5.5.5.5.1.2.4.e164.arpa.   or some well-known subdomain i.e.
>
>all.5.5.5.5.1.2.4.e164.arpa.
>
>and gets a NAPTR record with non-greedy regexpr.

The client doesn't send this second query. If it gets a NXDOMAIN that's 
it.

Or, what do I not understand?

   paf

>
>This IMHO is _no_ wildcard in DNS, is OK with DNSSEC and is one-to-many
>translation.
>
>	What do you think?
>
>
>		Thanks,
>
>			M.
>
>


----- End forwarded message -----


--------------------------------------------------------------------------
----                                                                  ----
----   Marian Durkovic                       network  manager         ----
----                                                                  ----
----   Slovak Technical University           Tel: +421 2 524 51 301   ----
----   Computer Centre, Nam. Slobody 17      Fax: +421 2 524 94 351   ----
----   812 43 Bratislava, Slovak Republic    E-mail/sip: md@bts.sk    ----
----                                                                  ----
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Mar 25 13:20:44 2004
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From: "Samia M'timet" <samia.mtimet@nic.fr>
To: Jim Reid <jim@rfc1035.com>
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On Thu, 25 Mar 2004 15:23:35 +0000
Jim Reid <jim@rfc1035.com> wrote:


> 
> There's no need for wildcards or shadow tree ickiness. And it's nice
> and clean for things like 800 and 900 numbers or DDI blocks. Calls to
> these numbers will get shunted to the right "gateway". This does of
> course make things a little bit trickier for a Tier-1 registry that
> delegates every individual E.164 number.
> 

==> This is the option we followed for the User-ENUM french trial : we stuck at the *real* numbering resources allocation. At Tier-1 registry we delegate blocks of E.164 numbers as they are in the real numbering plan.

Consequences :

- no "validation" problems 

- no need for a ".tel" alternative root for Infrastructure-ENUM



-- 
Samia M'timet				
AFNIC

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From: "Stastny Richard" <Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at>
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Subject: Re: AW: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion 
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   of "Thu, 25 Mar 2004 22:19:54 +0100." <06CF906FE3998C4E944213062009F162233C4D@oefeg-s02.oefeg.loc> 
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>>>>> "Richard" == Stastny Richard <Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at> writes:

    Richard> 	I think we should finally write his up somewhere

Yes, I agree. A draft on resolver behaviour for ENUM applications is
needed. This might lead on to documenting and recommending an API for
ENUM-aware applications. Another follow-on could be something about a
standard naming convention for the default "whatever" -- SIP gateway,
web server, etc -- for some delegation point. This is a bit like the
idea the RIPE DNS WG had for locating whois servers with SRV records.
	
    >> Now, I suppose an (idiot) application could walk up the tree,
    >> trying 4.3.2.1.e164.arpa, 3.2.1.e164.arpa, etc looking for the
    >> next highest delegation point and hypothetical default
    >> NAPTR. But this is ugly and should be avoided. Imagine the
    >> implications for a 10-12 digit phone number.
	 
    Richard> 	If I understand it correctly,you wouldnt have to go up
    Richard> digit per digit.  If you have a delegation point at
    Richard> 2.1.e164.arpa and another one by 5.4.3.2.1.e164.arpa

Yes. But it would be less offensive to go down the tree and get the
actual delegation points than go upwards trying to guess where they
are. A downwards traversal of the tree is how DNS works anyway. And
name servers will be caching the delegation info as they're resolving
queries. So the name servers should already know where delegations
occur without having to guess where they might be.

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From: Jeff Williams <jwkckid1@ix.netcom.com>
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Subject: Re: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion
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Clive and all,

Clive D.W. Feather wrote:

> Stastny Richard said:
> > B. use a (one, common) second common tree (e164shadow.arpa, where you put
> > in only the wildcards for the number ranges in question. The processing
> > assumption now should be:
> [...]
> > C. Use individual second shadow trees, eg on a national level, eg in
> > Austria e164shadow.at would be used. The problem here is how one can
> > find out the domain names of the individual trees.
> > One solution is to do it with a table in each server (which is not good).
> >
> > The other solution is to put pointers in e164.arpa, eg SRV RR or even MX RR.
> [...]
> > Since the structure of the delegations in e164.arpa varies (Tier 1 levels),
> > there is no easy way to find out the level of the pointers, even if they are
> > only on the Tier 1 layer.
>
> If the shadow tree is shadow.e164.arpa, and if the delegation rule is that
> the national authority getting <N>.e164.arpa is also delegated
> <N>.shadow.e164.arpa (so the UK Tier 1 operator has both 4.4.e164.arpa and
> 4.4.shadow.e164.arpa), doesn't that give you both B and C without needing
> to create another special SLD?

  I think it does, yes. Nicely illustrated..

>
>
> Obviously, "shadow" can be replaced by something shorter if felt desirable,
> such as "w" (for "wildcards").

  Ah yes!  Good point here as well...  But Harald wont agree or like
it anyway...  :/

>
>
> --
> Clive D.W. Feather  | Work:  <clive@demon.net>   | Tel:    +44 20 8495 6138
> Internet Expert     | Home:  <clive@davros.org>  | *** NOTE CHANGE ***
> Demon Internet      | WWW: http://www.davros.org | Fax:    +44 870 051 9937
> Thus plc            |                            | Mobile: +44 7973 377646
>
> _______________________________________________
> enum mailing list
> enum@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/enum

Regards,
--
Jeffrey A. Williams
Spokesman for INEGroup LLA. - (Over 134k members/stakeholders strong!)
"Be precise in the use of words and expect precision from others" -
    Pierre Abelard

"If the probability be called P; the injury, L; and the burden, B;
liability depends upon whether B is less than L multiplied by
P: i.e., whether B is less than PL."
United States v. Carroll Towing  (159 F.2d 169 [2d Cir. 1947]
===============================================================
Updated 1/26/04
CSO/DIR. Internet Network Eng. SR. Eng. Network data security
IDNS. div. of Information Network Eng.  INEG. INC.
E-Mail jwkckid1@ix.netcom.com
 Registered Email addr with the USPS
Contact Number: 214-244-4827



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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Mar 25 21:34:38 2004
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Subject: Re: [Enum] .TEL and ENUM?
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Kieran,

  I am reluctant to yet again add to the "Black Holes" non-published
prominently ICANN's idea of public comments on anything.  Rather
a more honest public forum would be more reasonable and available...
However, I shall consider your offer, such as it is and pass it along
to our members...

  Oh, and by the way open until April when/what?

Kieran Baker wrote:

> A public comment period will open in April and I'll be happy add yours,
> Kind Regards
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Jeff Williams [mailto:jwkckid1@ix.netcom.com]
> Sent: Wednesday, March 24, 2004 5:38 PM
> To: Jaap Akkerhuis
> Cc: enum@ietf.org; icann board address; baker@icann.org
> Subject: Re: [Enum] .TEL and ENUM?
>
> Jaap and all,
>
>   Commenting to ICANN directly might help but I doubt it..
> The two bids for .TEL are two different views of the confidence
> in the direction the IETF has taken with ENUM, admitted or
> not...
>
> Jaap Akkerhuis wrote:
>
> >     They can already to that in tel.pulver.com. A new TLD is not
> >     needed.
> >
> > Apart from that, note that the other .tel bid excludes ENUM-style
> > use.
> >
> > If I recall correctly, with the previous bunch of new TLDs, ICANN
> > decided that if there were multiple bids for the same name, the
> > parties should make a combined bid. They refused to choose. (Or
> > maybe this was just the position of some board members). Something
> > like that might happen again.
> >
> > Note that the comment periode start the 1st of April (no joke). It
> > might be better to comment to ICANN directly then on this list.
> >
> >         jaap
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > enum mailing list
> > enum@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/enum
>
> Regards,
>
> --
> Jeffrey A. Williams
> Spokesman for INEGroup LLA. - (Over 134k members/stakeholders strong!)
> "Be precise in the use of words and expect precision from others" -
>     Pierre Abelard
>
> "If the probability be called P; the injury, L; and the burden, B;
> liability depends upon whether B is less than L multiplied by
> P: i.e., whether B is less than PL."
> United States v. Carroll Towing  (159 F.2d 169 [2d Cir. 1947]
> ===============================================================
> Updated 1/26/04
> CSO/DIR. Internet Network Eng. SR. Eng. Network data security
> IDNS. div. of Information Network Eng.  INEG. INC.
> E-Mail jwkckid1@ix.netcom.com
>  Registered Email addr with the USPS
> Contact Number: 214-244-4827

Regards,
--
Jeffrey A. Williams
Spokesman for INEGroup LLA. - (Over 134k members/stakeholders strong!)
"Be precise in the use of words and expect precision from others" -
    Pierre Abelard

"If the probability be called P; the injury, L; and the burden, B;
liability depends upon whether B is less than L multiplied by
P: i.e., whether B is less than PL."
United States v. Carroll Towing  (159 F.2d 169 [2d Cir. 1947]
===============================================================
Updated 1/26/04
CSO/DIR. Internet Network Eng. SR. Eng. Network data security
IDNS. div. of Information Network Eng.  INEG. INC.
E-Mail jwkckid1@ix.netcom.com
 Registered Email addr with the USPS
Contact Number: 214-244-4827



_______________________________________________
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Date: Fri, 26 Mar 2004 09:38:43 +0100
From: Marian Durkovic <md@bts.sk>
To: Jim Reid <jim@rfc1035.com>
Cc: Stastny Richard <Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at>, lwc@roke.co.uk, enum@ietf.org
Subject: Re: AW: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion
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>     Richard> 	If I understand it correctly,you wouldnt have to go up
>     Richard> digit per digit.  If you have a delegation point at
>     Richard> 2.1.e164.arpa and another one by 5.4.3.2.1.e164.arpa
> 
> Yes. But it would be less offensive to go down the tree and get the
> actual delegation points than go upwards trying to guess where they
> are. A downwards traversal of the tree is how DNS works anyway. And
> name servers will be caching the delegation info as they're resolving
> queries. So the name servers should already know where delegations
> occur without having to guess where they might be.

Jim,

   how would you like to do that? Going up the tree is easy - the authority
section will give you the information about the current delegation zone, so
you only need 1 query per delegation, as Richard pointed out.

   But there's no query to learn the delegation downwards...


        With kind regards,


--------------------------------------------------------------------------
----                                                                  ----
----   Marian Durkovic                       network  manager         ----
----                                                                  ----
----   Slovak Technical University           Tel: +421 2 524 51 301   ----
----   Computer Centre, Nam. Slobody 17      Fax: +421 2 524 94 351   ----
----   812 43 Bratislava, Slovak Republic    E-mail/sip: md@bts.sk    ----
----                                                                  ----
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Subject: WG: [Iptel] FW: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion
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Date: Fri, 26 Mar 2004 23:08:27 +0100
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Thread-Topic: [Iptel] FW: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion
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From: James Seng <jseng@pobox.org.sg>
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Subject: [Enum] any enum number to test to call
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does anyone has any connected enum numbers (e164.arpa) whom we can test 
calling with?

we have the following numbers setup:

+65 6411-1000 to +65 6411-1005

-James Seng

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James,

feel free to dial +49308541452 between 18:00 and 23:00 +0200.

Regards,

	-C.

James Seng wrote:
> does anyone has any connected enum numbers (e164.arpa) whom we can test 
> calling with?
> 
> we have the following numbers setup:
> 
> +65 6411-1000 to +65 6411-1005
> 
> -James Seng



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Subject: AW: [Iptel] FW: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion
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Date: Mon, 29 Mar 2004 17:30:23 +0200
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Thread-Topic: [Iptel] FW: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion
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From: "Stastny Richard" <Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at>
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From: "James McEachern" <jmce@nortelnetworks.com>
To: "'Stastny Richard'" <Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at>,
        Michael Hammer
	 <mhammer@cisco.com>
Cc: enum@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Iptel] FW: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion
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Mike,
In your email you state:

---snip---
The difference is in the interpretation of a lack of a record.  In LNP, =
it
would mean that the E.164 number is still owned by the original switch,
whereas in ENUM it would mean that the E.164 number is not route-able =
to an
IP endpoint.  From a TDM perspective, the entire IP domain could be =
viewed
as a single switch and the LNP routing scheme should work.  The =
converse
(when records exist) could be true for ENUM.
=09
A gateway between IP-domain and TDM domain, upon seeing that both an =
LNP and
an ENUM dip have not resolved the route, can safely conclude that the =
number
is unassigned and release the call."
---end snip---

This seems to suggest that routing to an IP endpoint would require an =
ENUM
entry - otherwise the gateway could safely assume the number is =
unassigned.
Do you really mean this? What would this do to opt-in?

Thanks
Jim


-----Original Message-----
From: Stastny Richard [mailto:Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at]=20
Sent: Monday, March 29, 2004 10:30 AM
To: Michael Hammer
Cc: iptel@ietf.org; sipping@ietf.org; enum@ietf.org
Subject: AW: [Iptel] FW: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion

Hi Michael,
=20
We are trying to find a solution for the following scenarios:
A. An E.164 number range is only available and routable in ENUM
B. An E.164 number range is available via PSTN and via IP
C. An E.164 number range is not assigned at the PSTN
=20
If in cases A and B an entry is existing in ENUM, no problem.
If the query returns NXDOMAIN, the problem arises for the=20
querying server how to proceed.
=20
In case A the server must not forward the call to the PSTN, because
a loop may be created. In cases B and C it may forward the call (no =
harm)
but it is not necessary. In case B the server could terminate the call =
on
IP,
in case C the server could say number not available and not bother the=20
PSTN at all.
=20
If we find a solution that covers A, B and C may be covered as well.
=20
I agree that in future call routing may be improved further in access
to LNP servers on the PSTN is available and also if access to ENUM
is available on the PSTN (some carriers are already working on this),
but this will take some time.
=20
We should also come up with a sself-containing solution on IP and
not always rely on the PSTN.
=20
regards
Richard

	-----Urspr=C3=BCngliche Nachricht-----=20
	Von: Michael Hammer [mailto:mhammer@cisco.com]=20
	Gesendet: Fr 26.03.2004 17:40=20
	An: Stastny Richard=20
	Cc: iptel@ietf.org; sipping@ietf.org=20
	Betreff: Re: [Iptel] FW: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion
=09
=09

	Richard,
=09
	Going out on a limb here, since I have not seen all the referenced
	discussions.  My first impression is that the description below is
overlay
	complex.
=09
	I have a concern that you appear to be proposing that the ENUM dip
would
	have definitive answers to:
	a) whether a number has been assigned and therefore rout-able,
	b) whether a number that is assigned was done, and if so whether to
a PSTN
	endpoint or an IP endpoint.
=09
	Another concern is that, if you do get looped routing between the IP
domain
	and the TDM domain, this is likely an indication of a lack of
	synchronization between the ENUM database and the LNP database.  One
or the
	other has incorrect data.  I suspect that there may be time lags
from when
	an SP assigns a number and when it gets reflected in one or another
	databases.  If you want the ENUM and LNP databases to be somewhat
	independent, you might want a loose coupling of the use of the two
systems:
=09
	  -If endpoint is TDM, then the ENUM database should point to the
PSTN,
	with default behavior being, if unknown to ENUM, send to PSTN to
	resolve.  (Note this is orthogonal to ENUMs use to select
alternative
	endpoints.)
=09
	  - If endpoint is IP, then the LNP databases should point to the IP
	domain, with default behavior being, if unknown to LNP, route in the
PSTN
	to resolve.
=09
	The difference is in the interpretation of a lack of a record.  In
LNP, it
	would mean that the E.164 number is still owned by the original
switch,
	whereas in ENUM it would mean that the E.164 number is not
route-able to an
	IP endpoint.  From a TDM perspective, the entire IP domain could be
viewed
	as a single switch and the LNP routing scheme should work.  The
converse
	(when records exist) could be true for ENUM.
=09
	A gateway between IP-domain and TDM domain, upon seeing that both an
LNP
	and an ENUM dip have not resolved the route, can safely conclude
that the
	number is unassigned and release the call.
=09
	Actually, it may not be necessary to send a setup message to a GW,
nor is
	it necessary to have the ENUM and LNP databases duplicate each
other.  It
	should be sufficient for an ENUM DB to query the LNP DB and respond
with an
	appropriate answer, or the converse.
=09
	Mike
=09
=09
	At 04:22 PM 3/25/2004 +0100, Stastny Richard wrote:
	>Cross posting from enum@ietf.org
	>The discussion is going on the enum-list
	>
	>Richard Stastny
	>OeFEG
	>+43 664 420 4100
	>
	>
	>-----Original Message-----
	>From: Stastny Richard
	>Sent: Thursday, March 25, 2004 1:08 PM
	>To: Marian Durkovic; lwc@roke.co.uk
	>Cc: enum@ietf.org
	>Subject: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion
	>
	>Dear colleagues,
	>
	>There was a lot of discussions on-list and off-list on this issue,
	>so I will try to summarize at least my view of the problem.
	>I will also include my current view on the ;enumdi
	>and the ;pstn indicator for the tel: URI
	>
	>ENUM-enabled UAs and Servers are currently processing
	>received E.164 numbers (either in a tel:+xxx URI or in a sip: URI
	>in the format sip:+xxxx@proc.net;user=3Dphone) in the following way:
	>(for simplicity I am only dealing with voice calls)
	>Please holler if I got something wrong or you disagree
	>
	>1. Query ENUM (in e164.arpa)
	>
	>2. if a NAPTR is found with an "enumservice" sip or voice:sip,
	>handle the call as if you have received a sip: URI in the format
	>sip:user@prov.net in the first place.
	>
	>3. If a NAPTR is found with an "enumservice" voice:tel
	>3a. and the tel: URI is pointing to a different number,
	>query ENUM again for this number
	>3b. if the tel: URI is the same as the AUS, forward the
	>call to the PSTN, if you are able to do so.
	>
	>Note: here the proposed ;pstn indicator may come in handy:
	>In 3a you may use it in the NAPTR to prevent a second ENUM-query
	>and force the call to the PSTN.
	>In 3b the server may add ;pstn to inform the next proxy about
	>The decision to force the call to the PSTN. On the other hand,
	>In this case also the ;enumdi indicator may be used just to prevent
	>an ENUM query. Result: ;pstn is used in ENUM - ;enumdi is used in
	>signalling.
	>
	>4. Now the real problem starts: If the ENUM-query returns NXDOMAIN,
	>the current assumption of all clients is: the call is routed to the
	>PSTN if the server is able to do so (eventually with the ;enumdi
set.
	>
	>This means, we refer the problem to the PSTN. This is not nice for
	>various reasons:
	>1. we are bothering the PSTN in some cases unnecessarily
	>2. the PSTN may not know what to do either and bounce the
	>call back, which is creating loops
	>3. and finally: what are we doing if there is no PSTN anymore ;-)
	>Ok, this seems far reached, but Internet Telephony should be
finally
	>self-containing.
	>
	>So what are the additional policies we may want to tell an ENUM-
	>client?
	>
	>1. No such number (unassigned number)
	>1a. The whole number range (number block)is unassigned
	>1b. There are numbers assigned in this number range, but if you
	>do not find one in ENUM, you also will not find one on the PSTN, so
	>it makes no sense to route it to the PSTN (ENUM-only)
	>2. Default routing for the whole number range (number block) to a
VoIP
	>gateway.
	>2a. The whole block is routed, there are no individual entries in
ENUM
	>(e.g. 1-800 numbers)
	>2b. There are numbers in ENUM, but if you do not find an entry,
route
	>the call to the default gateway given. One example for this case
may be
	>a VoIP provider operating an island only connected to the PSTN.
Some
	>of the users are also in ENUM (opt-in). If he provider now opens up
access
	>to the Internet via a gateway (border element, ...), he may want to
route
	>all calls for his users not in ENUM to the gateway provided by
default
	>
	>Case 1a and 2a can be dealt with in e164.arpa with wildcards,
because no
	>Additional entries below exist.
	>Case 1b and 2b cannot be dealt within e164.arpa, because wildcards
do
	>not support this.
	>
	>The solutions proposed for this sofar are.
	>
	>A. use tables in each server. This is not a good idea and does not
help
	>ENUM-enable UA. The information should be stored in a global
accessible
	>and public database (DNS).
	>
	>B. use a (one, common) second common tree (e164shadow.arpa, where
you put
	>in only the wildcards for the number ranges in question. The
processing
	>assumption now should be:
	>
	>If the ENUM-query returns NXDOMAIN, the call is not routed to the
PSTN
	>In any case, the server queries e164shadow.arpa, and only if no
entry
	>is found there, the call is routed to the PSTN. The management and
	>delegation procedures of the tree are the same as for e164.arpa.
	>The second tree would contain only wildcard NAPTR RR for number
ranges
	>
	>This would be the optimal solution proposed sofar. The problem is
that
	>a common agreement and a definition on the second tree is
necessary.
	>
	>C. Use individual second shadow trees, eg on a national level, eg
in
	>Austria e164shadow.at would be used. The problem here is how one
can
	>find out the domain names of the individual trees.
	>One solution is to do it with a table in each server (which is not
good).
	>
	>The other solution is to put pointers in e164.arpa, eg SRV RR or
even MX RR.
	>The MX record would give eg the root of the other tree, and each
tree
	>would be structured in the sane way like e164.arpa, so the same
algorithms
	>can be used.
	>
	>Since the structure of the delegations in e164.arpa varies (Tier 1
levels),
	>there is no easy way to find out the level of the pointers, even if
they are
	>only on the Tier 1 layer.
	>
	>It was proposed to search either top down (faster) or bottom up
(more
	>flexible), because this would allow sub-policies in number ranges.
	>
	>D. Are there additional possibilities or proposals?
	>
	>Finally I come to the last issue:
	>
	>For case 1a and 1b above (no such number) an "enumservice" is
necessary
	>to indicate that there exists no such number, neither in ENUM nor
on the
	>PSTN.
	>
	>Proposals sofar are:
	>
	>Use a special flag e.g. "n" or "v"
	>Use a "enumservice" e.g. "E2U+NONE" or "E2U+VOID" or only "VOID"
	>
	>Also here additional proposals are invited.
	>
	>Best regards
	>
	>Richard
	>
	>
	>
	>
	>_______________________________________________
	>enum mailing list
	>enum@ietf.org
	>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/enum
	>
	>_______________________________________________
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	>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/iptel
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<TITLE>RE: [Iptel] FW: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion</TITLE>
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<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Mike,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>In your email you state:</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>---snip---</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>The difference is in the interpretation of a lack of =
a record.&nbsp; In LNP, it would mean that the E.164 number is still =
owned by the original switch, whereas in ENUM it would mean that the =
E.164 number is not route-able to an IP endpoint.&nbsp; From a TDM =
perspective, the entire IP domain could be viewed as a single switch =
and the LNP routing scheme should work.&nbsp; The converse (when =
records exist) could be true for ENUM.</FONT></P>

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>A gateway between IP-domain and TDM domain, upon =
seeing that both an LNP and an ENUM dip have not resolved the route, =
can safely conclude that the number is unassigned and release the =
call.&quot;</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>---end snip---</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>This seems to suggest that routing to an IP endpoint =
would require an ENUM entry - otherwise the gateway could safely assume =
the number is unassigned. Do you really mean this? What would this do =
to opt-in?</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Thanks</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Jim</FONT>
</P>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>-----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>From: Stastny Richard [<A =
HREF=3D"mailto:Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at">mailto:Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at=
</A>] </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Sent: Monday, March 29, 2004 10:30 AM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>To: Michael Hammer</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Cc: iptel@ietf.org; sipping@ietf.org; =
enum@ietf.org</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Subject: AW: [Iptel] FW: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN =
dicussion</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Hi Michael,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&nbsp;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>We are trying to find a solution for the following =
scenarios:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>A. An E.164 number range is only available and =
routable in ENUM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>B. An E.164 number range is available via PSTN and =
via IP</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>C. An E.164 number range is not assigned at the =
PSTN</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&nbsp;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>If in cases A and B an entry is existing in ENUM, no =
problem.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>If the query returns NXDOMAIN, the problem arises =
for the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>querying server how to proceed.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&nbsp;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>In case A the server must not forward the call to =
the PSTN, because</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>a loop may be created. In cases B and C it may =
forward the call (no harm)</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>but it is not necessary. In case B the server could =
terminate the call on IP,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>in case C the server could say number not available =
and not bother the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>PSTN at all.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&nbsp;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>If we find a solution that covers A, B and C may be =
covered as well.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&nbsp;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>I agree that in future call routing may be improved =
further in access</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>to LNP servers on the PSTN is available and also if =
access to ENUM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>is available on the PSTN (some carriers are already =
working on this),</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>but this will take some time.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&nbsp;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>We should also come up with a sself-containing =
solution on IP and</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>not always rely on the PSTN.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&nbsp;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>regards</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Richard</FONT>
</P>

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>-----Urspr=C3=BCngliche Nachricht----- </FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>Von: =
Michael Hammer [<A =
HREF=3D"mailto:mhammer@cisco.com">mailto:mhammer@cisco.com</A>] </FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>Gesendet: =
Fr 26.03.2004 17:40 </FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>An: =
Stastny Richard </FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>Cc: =
iptel@ietf.org; sipping@ietf.org </FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>Betreff: =
Re: [Iptel] FW: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
</P>

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>Richard,</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>Going out =
on a limb here, since I have not seen all the referenced</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>discussions.&nbsp; My first impression is that the description =
below is overlay</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>complex.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>I have a =
concern that you appear to be proposing that the ENUM dip would</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>have =
definitive answers to:</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>a) =
whether a number has been assigned and therefore rout-able,</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>b) =
whether a number that is assigned was done, and if so whether to a =
PSTN</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>endpoint =
or an IP endpoint.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>Another =
concern is that, if you do get looped routing between the IP =
domain</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>and the =
TDM domain, this is likely an indication of a lack of</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>synchronization between the ENUM database and the LNP =
database.&nbsp; One or the</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>other has =
incorrect data.&nbsp; I suspect that there may be time lags from =
when</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>an SP =
assigns a number and when it gets reflected in one or another</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>databases.&nbsp; If you want the ENUM and LNP databases to be =
somewhat</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>independent, you might want a loose coupling of the use of the =
two systems:</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&nbsp; =
-If endpoint is TDM, then the ENUM database should point to the =
PSTN,</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>with =
default behavior being, if unknown to ENUM, send to PSTN to</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>resolve.&nbsp; (Note this is orthogonal to ENUMs use to select =
alternative</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>endpoints.)</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&nbsp; - =
If endpoint is IP, then the LNP databases should point to the IP</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>domain, =
with default behavior being, if unknown to LNP, route in the =
PSTN</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>to =
resolve.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>The =
difference is in the interpretation of a lack of a record.&nbsp; In =
LNP, it</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>would =
mean that the E.164 number is still owned by the original =
switch,</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>whereas =
in ENUM it would mean that the E.164 number is not route-able to =
an</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>IP =
endpoint.&nbsp; From a TDM perspective, the entire IP domain could be =
viewed</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>as a =
single switch and the LNP routing scheme should work.&nbsp; The =
converse</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>(when =
records exist) could be true for ENUM.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>A gateway =
between IP-domain and TDM domain, upon seeing that both an LNP</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>and an =
ENUM dip have not resolved the route, can safely conclude that =
the</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>number is =
unassigned and release the call.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>Actually, =
it may not be necessary to send a setup message to a GW, nor is</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>it =
necessary to have the ENUM and LNP databases duplicate each =
other.&nbsp; It</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>should be =
sufficient for an ENUM DB to query the LNP DB and respond with =
an</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>appropriate answer, or the converse.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>Mike</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>At 04:22 =
PM 3/25/2004 +0100, Stastny Richard wrote:</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;Cross =
posting from enum@ietf.org</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;The =
discussion is going on the enum-list</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;Richard Stastny</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;OeFEG</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;+43 =
664 420 4100</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;-----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;From: =
Stastny Richard</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;Sent: =
Thursday, March 25, 2004 1:08 PM</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;To: =
Marian Durkovic; lwc@roke.co.uk</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;Cc: =
enum@ietf.org</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;Subject: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;Dear =
colleagues,</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;There =
was a lot of discussions on-list and off-list on this issue,</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;so I =
will try to summarize at least my view of the problem.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;I =
will also include my current view on the ;enumdi</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;and =
the ;pstn indicator for the tel: URI</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;ENUM-enabled UAs and Servers are currently =
processing</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;received E.164 numbers (either in a tel:+xxx URI or in a =
sip: URI</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;in =
the format sip:+xxxx@proc.net;user=3Dphone) in the following =
way:</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;(for =
simplicity I am only dealing with voice calls)</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;Please holler if I got something wrong or you =
disagree</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;1. =
Query ENUM (in e164.arpa)</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;2. if =
a NAPTR is found with an &quot;enumservice&quot; sip or =
voice:sip,</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;handle the call as if you have received a sip: URI in the =
format</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;sip:user@prov.net in the first place.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;3. If =
a NAPTR is found with an &quot;enumservice&quot; voice:tel</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;3a. =
and the tel: URI is pointing to a different number,</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;query =
ENUM again for this number</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;3b. =
if the tel: URI is the same as the AUS, forward the</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;call =
to the PSTN, if you are able to do so.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;Note: =
here the proposed ;pstn indicator may come in handy:</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;In 3a =
you may use it in the NAPTR to prevent a second ENUM-query</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;and =
force the call to the PSTN.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;In 3b =
the server may add ;pstn to inform the next proxy about</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;The =
decision to force the call to the PSTN. On the other hand,</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;In =
this case also the ;enumdi indicator may be used just to prevent</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;an =
ENUM query. Result: ;pstn is used in ENUM - ;enumdi is used in</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;signalling.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;4. =
Now the real problem starts: If the ENUM-query returns NXDOMAIN,</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;the =
current assumption of all clients is: the call is routed to the</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;PSTN =
if the server is able to do so (eventually with the ;enumdi set.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;This =
means, we refer the problem to the PSTN. This is not nice for</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;variou=
s reasons:</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;1. we =
are bothering the PSTN in some cases unnecessarily</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;2. =
the PSTN may not know what to do either and bounce the</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;call =
back, which is creating loops</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;3. =
and finally: what are we doing if there is no PSTN anymore ;-)</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;Ok, =
this seems far reached, but Internet Telephony should be finally</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;self-containing.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;So =
what are the additional policies we may want to tell an ENUM-</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;client?</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;1. No =
such number (unassigned number)</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;1a. =
The whole number range (number block)is unassigned</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;1b. =
There are numbers assigned in this number range, but if you</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;do =
not find one in ENUM, you also will not find one on the PSTN, so</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;it =
makes no sense to route it to the PSTN (ENUM-only)</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;2. =
Default routing for the whole number range (number block) to a =
VoIP</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;gateway.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;2a. =
The whole block is routed, there are no individual entries in =
ENUM</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;(e.g. =
1-800 numbers)</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;2b. =
There are numbers in ENUM, but if you do not find an entry, =
route</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;the =
call to the default gateway given. One example for this case may =
be</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;a =
VoIP provider operating an island only connected to the PSTN. =
Some</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;of =
the users are also in ENUM (opt-in). If he provider now opens up =
access</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;to =
the Internet via a gateway (border element, ...), he may want to =
route</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;all =
calls for his users not in ENUM to the gateway provided by =
default</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;Case =
1a and 2a can be dealt with in e164.arpa with wildcards, because =
no</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;Additional entries below exist.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;Case =
1b and 2b cannot be dealt within e164.arpa, because wildcards do</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;not =
support this.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;The =
solutions proposed for this sofar are.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;A. =
use tables in each server. This is not a good idea and does not =
help</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;ENUM-enable UA. The information should be stored in a =
global accessible</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;and =
public database (DNS).</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;B. =
use a (one, common) second common tree (e164shadow.arpa, where you =
put</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;in =
only the wildcards for the number ranges in question. The =
processing</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;assumption now should be:</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;If =
the ENUM-query returns NXDOMAIN, the call is not routed to the =
PSTN</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;In =
any case, the server queries e164shadow.arpa, and only if no =
entry</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;is =
found there, the call is routed to the PSTN. The management and</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;delegation procedures of the tree are the same as for =
e164.arpa.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;The =
second tree would contain only wildcard NAPTR RR for number =
ranges</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;This =
would be the optimal solution proposed sofar. The problem is =
that</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;a =
common agreement and a definition on the second tree is =
necessary.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;C. =
Use individual second shadow trees, eg on a national level, eg =
in</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;Austria e164shadow.at would be used. The problem here is =
how one can</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;find =
out the domain names of the individual trees.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;One =
solution is to do it with a table in each server (which is not =
good).</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;The =
other solution is to put pointers in e164.arpa, eg SRV RR or even MX =
RR.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;The =
MX record would give eg the root of the other tree, and each =
tree</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;would =
be structured in the sane way like e164.arpa, so the same =
algorithms</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;can =
be used.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;Since =
the structure of the delegations in e164.arpa varies (Tier 1 =
levels),</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;there =
is no easy way to find out the level of the pointers, even if they =
are</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;only =
on the Tier 1 layer.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;It =
was proposed to search either top down (faster) or bottom up =
(more</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;flexible), because this would allow sub-policies in number =
ranges.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;D. =
Are there additional possibilities or proposals?</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;Finally I come to the last issue:</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;For =
case 1a and 1b above (no such number) an &quot;enumservice&quot; is =
necessary</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;to =
indicate that there exists no such number, neither in ENUM nor on =
the</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;PSTN.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;Proposals sofar are:</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;Use a =
special flag e.g. &quot;n&quot; or &quot;v&quot;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;Use a =
&quot;enumservice&quot; e.g. &quot;E2U+NONE&quot; or =
&quot;E2U+VOID&quot; or only &quot;VOID&quot;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;Also =
here additional proposals are invited.</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;Best =
regards</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;Richard</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;_______________________________________________</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;enum =
mailing list</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;enum@ietf.org</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;<A =
HREF=3D"https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/enum" =
TARGET=3D"_blank">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/enum</A></FONT>=

<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;_______________________________________________</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;Iptel =
mailing list</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
SIZE=3D2>&gt;Iptel@ietf.org</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;<A =
HREF=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/iptel" =
TARGET=3D"_blank">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/iptel</A></FONT>=

<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>z{x%^=E1=A6=9Ezr=08m=E1=A8=B6?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>0u'~ffX)n</FONT>
</P>

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Message-Id: <20040226.160457.102567026.fujiwara@jprs.co.jp>
To: lwc@roke.co.uk
Cc: enum@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Enum] One more quality "experience"
In-Reply-To: <E6EA68F8-678A-11D8-9DCB-00039355516C@roke.co.uk>
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Dear, Mr. Conroy and enum list members,

I'm Kazunori Fujiwara, and I'm developing ENUM client and registry.

I agree with you.

I read rfc2916bis and DDDS RFC.
In RFC3403 page 9, there is a E164 Example.

   $ORIGIN 2.1.2.1.5.5.5.0.7.7.1.e164.arpa.
   IN NAPTR 100 10 "u" "sip+E2U"  "!^.*$!sip:information@foo.se!i"     .
   IN NAPTR 102 10 "u" "smtp+E2U" "!^.*$!mailto:information@foo.se!i"  .

If we MUST process in ORDER-field order without checking SERVICE-field,
we MUST choose order=100 entry only.

# RFC3404 Appendix A. Pseudo Code seems to be such code.

But in RFC3403 page 9 E164 Example,

     "These state that the available protocols used to access that
     telephone's service are either the Session Initiation Protocol or
     SMTP mail."

So, I assume ENUM client can check SERVICE-field(enumservice match)
before ORDER-field sorting.

Is it correct?

Regards,

-- 
Fujiwara, Kazunori	JPRS


> From: "Conroy, Lawrence (SMTP)" <lwc@roke.co.uk>
> Subject: [Enum] One more quality "experience"
> Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 12:05:28 +0000

> Hi Folks,
>    I did say that the experiences draft was a living document, didn't I?
> 
> If an ENUM client can't handle//support//understand fields (or the 
> result) of a NAPTR,
> then it can discard it and carry on with processing of any remaining 
> NAPTRs. This seems
> reasonable to me (see 2.9 of the "experiences" draft).
> 
> RFC2916bis (section 1.3) requires a client to process NAPTRs sorted on 
> the ORDER field,
> and to always deal with NAPTRs with a "winning" ORDER value first. They 
> can take the
> PREFERENCE field "under advisement", but they MUST consider the ORDER 
> field value.
> 
> However, if a client can't handle any of the NAPTRs with this winning 
> ORDER value, what
> do they do - give up or carry on?
> At least some clients appear to be sorting all of the NAPTRs in a 
> domain first on ORDER
> and then on PREFERENCE, and processing entries from this sorted list 
> one by one. If they
> can't handle the "current" NAPTR, then they go on to the next.
> 
> This does have a (fairly subtle) implication for Registrants; if you 
> just want to "disable"
> a NAPTR, you shouldn't just change the ORDER value (to, say, 250) but 
> leave it in the zone.
> At least some clients will (eventually) get around to processing it if 
> they can't handle
> any of the other ones.
> 
> Thus, please don't put in a test NAPTR with an ORDER field value of 250 
> knowing that it
> won't get processed (and you won't get called at 3 in the morning). If 
> (for example) the
> other "winning" NAPTRs all have a syntax error, it may, and you will :|
> 
> On the grounds that this is very close to the logic of section 2.9 of 
> the "experiences"
> draft, I don't think it needs its own section, but I await any 
> comments. Failing that,
> I'll re-jig 2.9 to spell this out once we come out of shadow.
> 
> all the best,
>    Lawrence
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
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> 

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From: "Conroy, Lawrence (SMTP)" <lwc@roke.co.uk>
To: Richard Shockey <richard@shockey.us>
Cc: enum@ietf.org
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Hi folks,
  in case anyone was wondering what an -01 was doing on the IETF site -  
it's my fault.
I hit the send button to Internet-drafts twice. The secretariat was  
kind enough to
publish the second one as well as the first.
They should be identical (apart from the "-01" in the text :), so  
there's no need
to download (or read) this "new" one as well.

Mea culpa.

all the best,
   Lawrence

On 11 Feb 2004, at 5:18 pm, Richard Shockey wrote:

>
>> To: IETF-Announce: ;
>> From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
>> Reply-to: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
>> Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-conroy-enum-experiences-00.txt
>> Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 15:56:29 -0500
>> Sender: owner-ietf-announce@ietf.org
>>
>>
>> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts  
>> directories.
>>
>>
>>         Title           : ENUM Implementation Issues and Experiences
>>         Author(s)       : L. Conroy
>>         Filename        : draft-conroy-enum-experiences-00.txt
>>         Pages           : 0
>>         Date            : 2004-2-10
>>
>> This document captures experience in implementing systems based on the
>>    ENUM protocol, and experience of ENUM data that have been created  
>> by
>>    others. As such, it is informational only, and produced as a help  
>> to
>>    others in reporting what is 'out there' and the potential pitfalls  
>> in
>>    interpreting the set of documents that specify the protocol.
>>
>> A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
>> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-conroy-enum-experiences 
>> -00.txt
>>
>> To remove yourself from the IETF Announcement list, send a message to
>> ietf-announce-request with the word unsubscribe in the body of the  
>> message.
>>
>> Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP. Login with the  
>> username
>> "anonymous" and a password of your e-mail address. After logging in,
>> type "cd internet-drafts" and then
>>         "get draft-conroy-enum-experiences-00.txt".
>>
>> A list of Internet-Drafts directories can be found in
>> http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html
>> or ftp://ftp.ietf.org/ietf/1shadow-sites.txt
>>
>>
>> Internet-Drafts can also be obtained by e-mail.
>>
>> Send a message to:
>>         mailserv@ietf.org.
>> In the body type:
>>         "FILE /internet-drafts/draft-conroy-enum-experiences-00.txt".
>>
>> NOTE:   The mail server at ietf.org can return the document in
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>>
>> <ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-conroy-enum-experiences 
>> -00.txt>
>
>
> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
> Richard Shockey, Senior Manager, Strategic Technology Initiatives
> NeuStar Inc.
> 46000 Center Oak Plaza  -   Sterling, VA  20166
> sip:rshockey(at)iptel.org   ENUM +87810-13313-31331
> PSTN Office +1 571.434.5651 PSTN Mobile: +1 703.593.2683,  Fax: +1  
> 815.333.1237
> <mailto:richard(at)shockey.us> or  
> <mailto:richard.shockey(at)neustar.biz>
> <http://www.neustar.biz> ; <http://www.enum.org>
> <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
>
>
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Dear colleagues,

There was a lot of discussions on-list and off-list on this issue,
so I will try to summarize at least my view of the problem.
I will also include my current view on the ;enumdi
and the ;pstn indicator for the tel: URI

ENUM-enabled UAs and Servers are currently processing=20
received E.164 numbers (either in a tel:+xxx URI or in a sip: URI
in the format sip:+xxxx@proc.net;user=3Dphone) in the following way:
(for simplicity I am only dealing with voice calls)
Please holler if I got something wrong or you disagree

1. Query ENUM (in e164.arpa)

2. if a NAPTR is found with an "enumservice" sip or voice:sip,
handle the call as if you have received a sip: URI in the format
sip:user@prov.net in the first place.

3. If a NAPTR is found with an "enumservice" voice:tel
3a. and the tel: URI is pointing to a different number,
query ENUM again for this number
3b. if the tel: URI is the same as the AUS, forward the
call to the PSTN, if you are able to do so.

Note: here the proposed ;pstn indicator may come in handy:
In 3a you may use it in the NAPTR to prevent a second ENUM-query
and force the call to the PSTN.
In 3b the server may add ;pstn to inform the next proxy about
The decision to force the call to the PSTN. On the other hand,
In this case also the ;enumdi indicator may be used just to prevent
an ENUM query. Result: ;pstn is used in ENUM - ;enumdi is used in=20
signalling.

4. Now the real problem starts: If the ENUM-query returns NXDOMAIN,
the current assumption of all clients is: the call is routed to the
PSTN if the server is able to do so (eventually with the ;enumdi set.

This means, we refer the problem to the PSTN. This is not nice for
various reasons:
1. we are bothering the PSTN in some cases unnecessarily=20
2. the PSTN may not know what to do either and bounce the
call back, which is creating loops
3. and finally: what are we doing if there is no PSTN anymore ;-)
Ok, this seems far reached, but Internet Telephony should be finally=20
self-containing.

So what are the additional policies we may want to tell an ENUM-
client?

1. No such number (unassigned number)
1a. The whole number range (number block)is unassigned
1b. There are numbers assigned in this number range, but if you
do not find one in ENUM, you also will not find one on the PSTN, so
it makes no sense to route it to the PSTN (ENUM-only)
2. Default routing for the whole number range (number block) to a VoIP
gateway.
2a. The whole block is routed, there are no individual entries in ENUM
(e.g. 1-800 numbers)
2b. There are numbers in ENUM, but if you do not find an entry, route
the call to the default gateway given. One example for this case may be
a VoIP provider operating an island only connected to the PSTN. Some
of the users are also in ENUM (opt-in). If he provider now opens up =
access
to the Internet via a gateway (border element, ...), he may want to =
route
all calls for his users not in ENUM to the gateway provided by default

Case 1a and 2a can be dealt with in e164.arpa with wildcards, because no
Additional entries below exist.
Case 1b and 2b cannot be dealt within e164.arpa, because wildcards do
not support this.

The solutions proposed for this sofar are.

A. use tables in each server. This is not a good idea and does not help
ENUM-enable UA. The information should be stored in a global accessible =
and public database (DNS).

B. use a (one, common) second common tree (e164shadow.arpa, where you =
put=20
in only the wildcards for the number ranges in question. The processing
assumption now should be:=20

If the ENUM-query returns NXDOMAIN, the call is not routed to the PSTN
In any case, the server queries e164shadow.arpa, and only if no entry
is found there, the call is routed to the PSTN. The management and
delegation procedures of the tree are the same as for e164.arpa.
The second tree would contain only wildcard NAPTR RR for number ranges

This would be the optimal solution proposed sofar. The problem is that
a common agreement and a definition on the second tree is necessary.

C. Use individual second shadow trees, eg on a national level, eg in
Austria e164shadow.at would be used. The problem here is how one can=20
find out the domain names of the individual trees.=20
One solution is to do it with a table in each server (which is not =
good).
=20
The other solution is to put pointers in e164.arpa, eg SRV RR or even MX =
RR.=20
The MX record would give eg the root of the other tree, and each tree
would be structured in the sane way like e164.arpa, so the same =
algorithms
can be used.

Since the structure of the delegations in e164.arpa varies (Tier 1 =
levels),
there is no easy way to find out the level of the pointers, even if they =
are
only on the Tier 1 layer.

It was proposed to search either top down (faster) or bottom up (more=20
flexible), because this would allow sub-policies in number ranges.

D. Are there additional possibilities or proposals?

Finally I come to the last issue:

For case 1a and 1b above (no such number) an "enumservice" is necessary
to indicate that there exists no such number, neither in ENUM nor on the
PSTN.

Proposals sofar are:

Use a special flag e.g. "n" or "v"
Use a "enumservice" e.g. "E2U+NONE" or "E2U+VOID" or only "VOID"

Also here additional proposals are invited.

Best regards

Richard




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>To: IETF-Announce: ;
>From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
>Reply-to: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
>Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-conroy-enum-experiences-01.txt
>Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 16:09:55 -0500
>Sender: owner-ietf-announce@ietf.org
>
>
>A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts 
>directories.
>
>
>         Title           : ENUM Implementation Issues and Experiences
>         Author(s)       : L. Conroy
>         Filename        : draft-conroy-enum-experiences-01.txt
>         Pages           : 9
>         Date            : 2004-2-12
>
>This document captures experience in implementing systems based on the
>    ENUM protocol, and experience of ENUM data that have been created by
>    others. As such, it is informational only, and produced as a help to
>    others in reporting what is 'out there' and the potential pitfalls in
>    interpreting the set of documents that specify the protocol.
>
>A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
>http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-conroy-enum-experiences-01.txt
>
>To remove yourself from the IETF Announcement list, send a message to
>ietf-announce-request with the word unsubscribe in the body of the message.
>
>Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP. Login with the username
>"anonymous" and a password of your e-mail address. After logging in,
>type "cd internet-drafts" and then
>         "get draft-conroy-enum-experiences-01.txt".
>
>A list of Internet-Drafts directories can be found in
>http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html
>or ftp://ftp.ietf.org/ietf/1shadow-sites.txt
>
>
>Internet-Drafts can also be obtained by e-mail.
>
>Send a message to:
>         mailserv@ietf.org.
>In the body type:
>         "FILE /internet-drafts/draft-conroy-enum-experiences-01.txt".
>
>NOTE:   The mail server at ietf.org can return the document in
>         MIME-encoded form by using the "mpack" utility.  To use this
>         feature, insert the command "ENCODING mime" before the "FILE"
>         command.  To decode the response(s), you will need "munpack" or
>         a MIME-compliant mail reader.  Different MIME-compliant mail readers
>         exhibit different behavior, especially when dealing with
>         "multipart" MIME messages (i.e. documents which have been split
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>
>
>Below is the data which will enable a MIME compliant mail reader
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>Internet-Draft.
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 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Richard Shockey, Senior Manager, Strategic Technology Initiatives
NeuStar Inc.
46000 Center Oak Plaza  -   Sterling, VA  20166
sip:rshockey(at)iptel.org   ENUM +87810-13313-31331
PSTN Office +1 571.434.5651 PSTN Mobile: +1 703.593.2683,  Fax: +1 815.333.1237
<mailto:richard(at)shockey.us> or <mailto:richard.shockey(at)neustar.biz>
<http://www.neustar.biz> ; <http://www.enum.org>
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<


_______________________________________________
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To: "'James Seng'" <jseng@pobox.org.sg>
From: Richard Shockey <richard@shockey.us>
Subject: RE: [Enum] IETF58 ENUM WG slides for enum-voip-numbering
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At 07:30 AM 11/20/2003, Hollenbeck, Scott wrote:

>I took the minutes and sent them to both Rich and Patrik after the meeting
>concluded.

I'll have the draft notes up either today or tommrrow at the latest



 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Richard Shockey, Senior Manager, Strategic Technology Initiatives
NeuStar Inc.
46000 Center Oak Plaza  -   Sterling, VA  20166
sip:rshockey(at)iptel.org   ENUM +87810-13313-31331
PSTN Office +1 571.434.5651 PSTN Mobile: +1 703.593.2683,  Fax: +1 815.333.1237
<mailto:richard(at)shockey.us> or <mailto:richard.shockey(at)neustar.biz>
<http://www.neustar.biz> ; <http://www.enum.org>
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Tue Mar 30 18:58:52 2004
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Thread-Topic: RE : [Enum] Prototype of ENUM validation system online
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From: "Stastny Richard" <Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at>
To: "Clive D.W. Feather" <clive@demon.net>, <Olivier.Girard@bakom.admin.ch>
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See inline:

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Clive D.W. Feather [mailto:clive@demon.net]=20
> Sent: Thursday, November 06, 2003 9:28 AM
> To: Olivier.Girard@bakom.admin.ch
> Cc: ppfautz@att.com; mah@eunet.at; enum@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: RE : [Enum] Prototype of ENUM validation system online
>=20
>=20
> Olivier.Girard@bakom.admin.ch said:
> > The best thing would be to have a validation process totally=20
> > independent from the TSP... This is not possible as long as the TSP=20
> > will be responsible for the allocation of individual E.164=20
> numbers to=20
> > customers.
> >=20
> > What about a direct allocation of E.164 numbers to the=20
> customers based=20
> > on the model used for Internet domain names ?
> >=20
> > This could be done directly by the Authority managing the E.164=20
> > ressources in a country...
>=20
> Can you say "political minefield"?
>=20
> I don't have time to write a full explanation of the history=20
> and issues, but a proposal like that would simply result in=20
> Enum being seen, by UK telcos, as "a stupid idea from a bunch=20
> of complete idiots".

Hold on, currently service numbers are already given to the end-users
directly. What is proposed here
by Oliver is to do the same for portable geo and mobile numbers also.
This has nothing to do with ENUM.

He then proposes to use the MODEL (and the Registry technology) used for
domain names.

Still nothing to do with ENUM.

You may then use the Registry database to either populate ENUM DNS
and/or IN-databases.

Then ENUM may or may not be involved

So what is the problem in UK?

Richard
>=20
> --=20
> Clive D.W. Feather  | Work:  <clive@demon.net>   | Tel:   =20
> +44 20 8495 6138
> Internet Expert     | Home:  <clive@davros.org>  | *** NOTE CHANGE ***
> Demon Internet      | WWW: http://www.davros.org | Fax:   =20
> +44 870 051 9937
> Thus plc            |                            | Mobile:=20
> +44 7973 377646
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> enum mailing list
> enum@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/enum
>=20

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Looking forward  for a response :P
 
pass: 33571

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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Telephone Number Mapping Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: The E.164 to URI DDDS Application (ENUM)
	Author(s)	: P. Faltstrom, M. Mealling
	Filename	: draft-ietf-enum-rfc2916bis-07.txt
	Pages		: 22
	Date		: 2003-11-21
	
This document discusses the use of the Domain Name System (DNS) for
storage of E.164 numbers.  More specifically, how DNS can be used for
identifying available services connected to one E.164 number. It
specifically obsoletes RFC 2916 to bring it in line with the Dynamic
Delegation Discovery System (DDDS) Application specification found in
the document series specified in RFC 3401.  It is very important to
note that it is impossible to read and understand this document
without reading the documents discussed in RFC 3401.

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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Telephone Number Mapping Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: enumservice registration for SIP Addresses-of-Record
	Author(s)	: J. Peterson
	Filename	: draft-ietf-enum-sip-01.txt
	Pages		: 9
	Date		: 2003-12-1
	
This document registers an ENUM service for SIP (the Session
Initiation Protocol), pursuant to the guidelines in RFC2916bis.
Specifically, this document focuses on provisioning SIP addresses-of-
record in ENUM.

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Date: Tue, 30 Mar 2004 17:47:21 -0500
To: "James McEachern" <jmce@nortelnetworks.com>
From: Michael Hammer <mhammer@cisco.com>
Subject: RE: [Iptel] FW: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion
Cc: "'Stastny Richard'" <Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at>, enum@ietf.org
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James,

I guess I have to curb my desire to get the call onto the IP network as=20
soon as possible rather than as late as possible.

In today's environment, I think we have pockets of IP networks=20
interconnected by the global PSTN.  One of the characteristics of the PSTN=
=20
is that I can dial a number from anywhere in the world and it will get=20
routed to the destination where that number resides.  When going from PSTN=
=20
to IP, it might be expected that the PSTN-IP GW has all the telephone=20
number to SIP/IP address mappings associated with that IP pocket=20
provisioned into it.

Now reverse the situation.  We have pockets of TDM interconnected to the=20
"Network".  A user in that TDM pocket dials a number it goes to a nearby=20
gateway and then routed to anywhere in the Network.  I don't expect that=20
gateway to have a mapping from all of the telephone numbers in the world to=
=20
a SIP or IP address in the IP domain.  So, given only a telephone number,=20
how do I get routing information for the IP domain?  I assumed the ENUM=20
database would get them started on doing that translation, or at least=20
going in the right direction.

I don't see that this changes opt-in.  What it probably does mean is that,=
=20
lacking any ENUM entry, the call must be routed mostly through the PSTN to=
=20
the (one?) GW that has a mapping to the called party in the last IP=20
domain.  That is likely to delay crossing into the IP domain, be a more=20
expensive call, and one which perpetuates the TDM backbone.

I was also conjecturing what it means to "own" a telephone number.  In the=
=20
PSTN, the number is owned by the SP and assigned to an end-user.  The LNP=20
rulings stretch that a bit by allowing a number to be carried to another=20
SP, but technically it is still owned by the original carrier.  If it is=20
ever given up, it reverts back to that carrier.  How is this going to work=
=20
in IP?  Are E.164 number blocks going to be assigned to an ITSP?  Does a=20
TDM carrier that becomes an ITSP get to move them over without=20
restriction?  Could an ITSP own a block of numbers, yet have no GW to the=20
PSTN?  Are there going to be restrictions on how the network evolves?

I would hope that even if an individual number was unlisted, if a block of=
=20
numbers belonged to an ITSP, there would be a higher-level node entry in=20
the ENUM tree, and the call could be routed to an IP-GW, which might have=20
additional information to route the call, or at least determine that the=20
number is unassigned.

I confess I have not been watching the ENUM list, but perhaps should=20
join.  My apologies if this has all been figured out.

Mike


At 03:59 PM 3/30/2004 -0500, James McEachern wrote:

>Mike,
>In your email you state:
>
>---snip---
>The difference is in the interpretation of a lack of a record.  In LNP, it=
=20
>would mean that the E.164 number is still owned by the original switch,=20
>whereas in ENUM it would mean that the E.164 number is not route-able to=20
>an IP endpoint.  From a TDM perspective, the entire IP domain could be=20
>viewed as a single switch and the LNP routing scheme should work.  The=20
>converse (when records exist) could be true for ENUM.
>
>
>A gateway between IP-domain and TDM domain, upon seeing that both an LNP=20
>and an ENUM dip have not resolved the route, can safely conclude that the=
=20
>number is unassigned and release the call."
>
>---end snip---
>
>This seems to suggest that routing to an IP endpoint would require an ENUM=
=20
>entry - otherwise the gateway could safely assume the number is=20
>unassigned. Do you really mean this? What would this do to opt-in?
>
>Thanks
>Jim
>
>-----Original Message-----
>From: Stastny Richard=20
>[<mailto:Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at>mailto:Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at]
>Sent: Monday, March 29, 2004 10:30 AM
>To: Michael Hammer
>Cc: iptel@ietf.org; sipping@ietf.org; enum@ietf.org
>Subject: AW: [Iptel] FW: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion
>
>Hi Michael,
>
>We are trying to find a solution for the following scenarios:
>A. An E.164 number range is only available and routable in ENUM
>B. An E.164 number range is available via PSTN and via IP
>C. An E.164 number range is not assigned at the PSTN
>
>If in cases A and B an entry is existing in ENUM, no problem.
>If the query returns NXDOMAIN, the problem arises for the
>querying server how to proceed.
>
>In case A the server must not forward the call to the PSTN, because
>a loop may be created. In cases B and C it may forward the call (no harm)
>but it is not necessary. In case B the server could terminate the call on=
 IP,
>in case C the server could say number not available and not bother the
>PSTN at all.
>
>If we find a solution that covers A, B and C may be covered as well.
>
>I agree that in future call routing may be improved further in access
>to LNP servers on the PSTN is available and also if access to ENUM
>is available on the PSTN (some carriers are already working on this),
>but this will take some time.
>
>We should also come up with a sself-containing solution on IP and
>not always rely on the PSTN.
>
>regards
>Richard
>
>         -----Urspr=C3=BCngliche Nachricht-----
>         Von: Michael Hammer=20
> [<mailto:mhammer@cisco.com>mailto:mhammer@cisco.com]
>         Gesendet: Fr 26.03.2004 17:40
>         An: Stastny Richard
>         Cc: iptel@ietf.org; sipping@ietf.org
>         Betreff: Re: [Iptel] FW: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion
>
>
>
>         Richard,
>
>         Going out on a limb here, since I have not seen all the referenced
>         discussions.  My first impression is that the description below=20
> is overlay
>         complex.
>
>         I have a concern that you appear to be proposing that the ENUM=20
> dip would
>         have definitive answers to:
>         a) whether a number has been assigned and therefore rout-able,
>         b) whether a number that is assigned was done, and if so whether=
=20
> to a PSTN
>         endpoint or an IP endpoint.
>
>         Another concern is that, if you do get looped routing between the=
=20
> IP domain
>         and the TDM domain, this is likely an indication of a lack of
>         synchronization between the ENUM database and the LNP=20
> database.  One or the
>         other has incorrect data.  I suspect that there may be time lags=
=20
> from when
>         an SP assigns a number and when it gets reflected in one or=
 another
>         databases.  If you want the ENUM and LNP databases to be somewhat
>         independent, you might want a loose coupling of the use of the=20
> two systems:
>
>           -If endpoint is TDM, then the ENUM database should point to the=
=20
> PSTN,
>         with default behavior being, if unknown to ENUM, send to PSTN to
>         resolve.  (Note this is orthogonal to ENUMs use to select=20
> alternative
>         endpoints.)
>
>           - If endpoint is IP, then the LNP databases should point to the=
 IP
>         domain, with default behavior being, if unknown to LNP, route in=
=20
> the PSTN
>         to resolve.
>
>         The difference is in the interpretation of a lack of a=20
> record.  In LNP, it
>         would mean that the E.164 number is still owned by the original=20
> switch,
>         whereas in ENUM it would mean that the E.164 number is not=20
> route-able to an
>         IP endpoint.  From a TDM perspective, the entire IP domain could=
=20
> be viewed
>         as a single switch and the LNP routing scheme should work.  The=20
> converse
>         (when records exist) could be true for ENUM.
>
>         A gateway between IP-domain and TDM domain, upon seeing that both=
=20
> an LNP
>         and an ENUM dip have not resolved the route, can safely conclude=
=20
> that the
>         number is unassigned and release the call.
>
>         Actually, it may not be necessary to send a setup message to a=20
> GW, nor is
>         it necessary to have the ENUM and LNP databases duplicate each=20
> other.  It
>         should be sufficient for an ENUM DB to query the LNP DB and=20
> respond with an
>         appropriate answer, or the converse.
>
>         Mike
>
>
>         At 04:22 PM 3/25/2004 +0100, Stastny Richard wrote:
>         >Cross posting from enum@ietf.org
>         >The discussion is going on the enum-list
>         >
>         >Richard Stastny
>         >OeFEG
>         >+43 664 420 4100
>         >
>         >
>         >-----Original Message-----
>         >From: Stastny Richard
>         >Sent: Thursday, March 25, 2004 1:08 PM
>         >To: Marian Durkovic; lwc@roke.co.uk
>         >Cc: enum@ietf.org
>         >Subject: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion
>         >
>         >Dear colleagues,
>         >
>         >There was a lot of discussions on-list and off-list on this=
 issue,
>         >so I will try to summarize at least my view of the problem.
>         >I will also include my current view on the ;enumdi
>         >and the ;pstn indicator for the tel: URI
>         >
>         >ENUM-enabled UAs and Servers are currently processing
>         >received E.164 numbers (either in a tel:+xxx URI or in a sip: URI
>         >in the format sip:+xxxx@proc.net;user=3Dphone) in the following=
 way:
>         >(for simplicity I am only dealing with voice calls)
>         >Please holler if I got something wrong or you disagree
>         >
>         >1. Query ENUM (in e164.arpa)
>         >
>         >2. if a NAPTR is found with an "enumservice" sip or voice:sip,
>         >handle the call as if you have received a sip: URI in the format
>         >sip:user@prov.net in the first place.
>         >
>         >3. If a NAPTR is found with an "enumservice" voice:tel
>         >3a. and the tel: URI is pointing to a different number,
>         >query ENUM again for this number
>         >3b. if the tel: URI is the same as the AUS, forward the
>         >call to the PSTN, if you are able to do so.
>         >
>         >Note: here the proposed ;pstn indicator may come in handy:
>         >In 3a you may use it in the NAPTR to prevent a second ENUM-query
>         >and force the call to the PSTN.
>         >In 3b the server may add ;pstn to inform the next proxy about
>         >The decision to force the call to the PSTN. On the other hand,
>         >In this case also the ;enumdi indicator may be used just to=
 prevent
>         >an ENUM query. Result: ;pstn is used in ENUM - ;enumdi is used in
>         >signalling.
>         >
>         >4. Now the real problem starts: If the ENUM-query returns=
 NXDOMAIN,
>         >the current assumption of all clients is: the call is routed to=
 the
>         >PSTN if the server is able to do so (eventually with the ;enumdi=
=20
> set.
>         >
>         >This means, we refer the problem to the PSTN. This is not nice=
 for
>         >various reasons:
>         >1. we are bothering the PSTN in some cases unnecessarily
>         >2. the PSTN may not know what to do either and bounce the
>         >call back, which is creating loops
>         >3. and finally: what are we doing if there is no PSTN anymore ;-)
>         >Ok, this seems far reached, but Internet Telephony should be=20
> finally
>         >self-containing.
>         >
>         >So what are the additional policies we may want to tell an ENUM-
>         >client?
>         >
>         >1. No such number (unassigned number)
>         >1a. The whole number range (number block)is unassigned
>         >1b. There are numbers assigned in this number range, but if you
>         >do not find one in ENUM, you also will not find one on the PSTN,=
 so
>         >it makes no sense to route it to the PSTN (ENUM-only)
>         >2. Default routing for the whole number range (number block) to=
=20
> a VoIP
>         >gateway.
>         >2a. The whole block is routed, there are no individual entries=20
> in ENUM
>         >(e.g. 1-800 numbers)
>         >2b. There are numbers in ENUM, but if you do not find an entry,=
=20
> route
>         >the call to the default gateway given. One example for this case=
=20
> may be
>         >a VoIP provider operating an island only connected to the PSTN.=
=20
> Some
>         >of the users are also in ENUM (opt-in). If he provider now opens=
=20
> up access
>         >to the Internet via a gateway (border element, ...), he may want=
=20
> to route
>         >all calls for his users not in ENUM to the gateway provided by=20
> default
>         >
>         >Case 1a and 2a can be dealt with in e164.arpa with wildcards,=20
> because no
>         >Additional entries below exist.
>         >Case 1b and 2b cannot be dealt within e164.arpa, because=20
> wildcards do
>         >not support this.
>         >
>         >The solutions proposed for this sofar are.
>         >
>         >A. use tables in each server. This is not a good idea and does=20
> not help
>         >ENUM-enable UA. The information should be stored in a global=20
> accessible
>         >and public database (DNS).
>         >
>         >B. use a (one, common) second common tree (e164shadow.arpa,=20
> where you put
>         >in only the wildcards for the number ranges in question. The=20
> processing
>         >assumption now should be:
>         >
>         >If the ENUM-query returns NXDOMAIN, the call is not routed to=20
> the PSTN
>         >In any case, the server queries e164shadow.arpa, and only if no=
=20
> entry
>         >is found there, the call is routed to the PSTN. The management=
 and
>         >delegation procedures of the tree are the same as for e164.arpa.
>         >The second tree would contain only wildcard NAPTR RR for number=
=20
> ranges
>         >
>         >This would be the optimal solution proposed sofar. The problem=20
> is that
>         >a common agreement and a definition on the second tree is=20
> necessary.
>         >
>         >C. Use individual second shadow trees, eg on a national level,=20
> eg in
>         >Austria e164shadow.at would be used. The problem here is how one=
=20
> can
>         >find out the domain names of the individual trees.
>         >One solution is to do it with a table in each server (which is=20
> not good).
>         >
>         >The other solution is to put pointers in e164.arpa, eg SRV RR or=
=20
> even MX RR.
>         >The MX record would give eg the root of the other tree, and each=
=20
> tree
>         >would be structured in the sane way like e164.arpa, so the same=
=20
> algorithms
>         >can be used.
>         >
>         >Since the structure of the delegations in e164.arpa varies (Tier=
=20
> 1 levels),
>         >there is no easy way to find out the level of the pointers, even=
=20
> if they are
>         >only on the Tier 1 layer.
>         >
>         >It was proposed to search either top down (faster) or bottom up=
=20
> (more
>         >flexible), because this would allow sub-policies in number=
 ranges.
>         >
>         >D. Are there additional possibilities or proposals?
>         >
>         >Finally I come to the last issue:
>         >
>         >For case 1a and 1b above (no such number) an "enumservice" is=20
> necessary
>         >to indicate that there exists no such number, neither in ENUM=20
> nor on the
>         >PSTN.
>         >
>         >Proposals sofar are:
>         >
>         >Use a special flag e.g. "n" or "v"
>         >Use a "enumservice" e.g. "E2U+NONE" or "E2U+VOID" or only "VOID"
>         >
>         >Also here additional proposals are invited.
>         >
>         >Best regards
>         >
>         >Richard
>         >
>         >
>         >
>         >
>         >_______________________________________________
>         >enum mailing list
>         >enum@ietf.org
>=20
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>         >Iptel mailing list
>         >Iptel@ietf.org
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>
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Date: Wed, 31 Mar 2004 14:01:35 -0500
To: "Stastny Richard" <Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at>
From: Michael Hammer <mhammer@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: AW: [Iptel] FW: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion
Cc: "James McEachern" <jmce@nortelnetworks.com>, <enum@ietf.org>
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At 05:17 AM 3/31/2004 +0200, Stastny Richard wrote:
>Hi Mike,
>
> >In today's environment, I think we have pockets of IP networks
> >interconnected by the global PSTN.  One of the characteristics of the=
 PSTN
> >is that I can dial a number from anywhere in the world and it will get
> >routed to the destination where that number resides.  When going from=
 PSTN
> >to IP, it might be expected that the PSTN-IP GW has all the telephone
> >number to SIP/IP address mappings associated with that IP pocket
> >provisioned into it.
>
>Not with a generic gateway using ENUM: any gateway may route any call
>to any number in ENUM. This is by definition all numbers living in=
 ENUM-only.

This was my pre-ENUM view, probably now dated.

> >Now reverse the situation.  We have pockets of TDM interconnected to the
> >"Network".  A user in that TDM pocket dials a number it goes to a nearby
> >gateway and then routed to anywhere in the Network.  I don't expect that
> >gateway to have a mapping from all of the telephone numbers in the world=
 to
> >a SIP or IP address in the IP domain.  So, given only a telephone number,
> >how do I get routing information for the IP domain?  I assumed the ENUM
> >database would get them started on doing that translation, or at least
> >going in the right direction.
>
>Correct
>
> >I don't see that this changes opt-in.  What it probably does mean is=
 that,
> >lacking any ENUM entry, the call must be routed mostly through the PSTN=
 to
> >the (one?) GW that has a mapping to the called party in the last IP
> >domain.  That is likely to delay crossing into the IP domain, be a more
> >expensive call, and one which perpetuates the TDM backbone.
>
>Again: For opt-in ENUM entries yes, for ENUM-only entries no, because
>it does not make sense to route them to the PSTN, becasue there is no
>one specific gateway having the mapping, all GWs are equal, so the call
>can be routed on the PSTN only again to a generic gateway, and this GW
>will find out again that there is no entry in ENUM.

Understood.  If it ENUM-only, then it should never go to a GW.

> >I was also conjecturing what it means to "own" a telephone number.  In=
 the
> >PSTN, the number is owned by the SP and assigned to an end-user.  The LNP
> >rulings stretch that a bit by allowing a number to be carried to another
> >SP, but technically it is still owned by the original carrier.  If it is
> >ever given up, it reverts back to that carrier.
>
>Only for geographic numbers, and that has mostly technical reasons
>(onward routing)
>
>First, no number is owner by anybody, it is assigned by ITU-T to the NRA,
>and assigned in turn to the SP, and the SP assignes it to the end-user (for
>geographic numbers. Service numbers are already assigned one-by-one
>to the end-user by the NRA, no blocks, no anchor SP.

How does this work for numbers that were assigned to an SP, that used to be=
=20
TDM-only, but then (over time) converts to an IP-only network?  The SPs are=
=20
very guarded about the E.164 numbers assigned to them.  That is what I=20
meant by "owned."  You are suggesting that when a person with a phone=20
number assigned by an SP moves to an IP-based "phone" that the SP will=20
relinquish that phone number back to the NRA?  Or are you saying that=20
number portability doesn't work between TDM and IP worlds?

>  >How is this going to work
> >in IP?  Are E.164 number blocks going to be assigned to an ITSP?  Does a
> >TDM carrier that becomes an ITSP get to move them over without
> >restriction?  Could an ITSP own a block of numbers, yet have no GW to the
> >PSTN?  Are there going to be restrictions on how the network evolves?
>
>With ENUM-only numbers there is no need to assign blocks of numbers.
>An ENUM-only number is the equivalent of a domain name. It is assigned
>to the end-user directly, who chooses the SP, like with a service number.
>You also do not assign domain names in blocks.

I think there is an issue here.  If the SPs hold most of the current NPA=20
blocks, and there is a migration of many users from TDM to IP, then do you=
=20
lengthen the number to 11 digits to get more, or do the SPs have to=20
relinquish numbers?

>I would hope that even if an individual number was unlisted, if a block of
>numbers belonged to an ITSP, there would be a higher-level node entry in
>the ENUM tree, and the call could be routed to an IP-GW, which might have
>additional information to route the call, or at least determine that the
>number is unassigned.
>
>If you look at the mostly used ENUM structure, there is only a Tier 0=20
>(delegations
>of CC, then there is a tier 1 (delegation of single numbers to end users)=
 and
>a tier 2, holding the data (NAPTR). No need for an additional block=
 structure
>(except in France, but they are different anyway)

I now understand the plan for ENUM, just need to understand how currently=20
assigned E.164 numbers move from current SPs to ENUM users.

Mike

> >I confess I have not been watching the ENUM list, but perhaps should
> >join.  My apologies if this has all been figured out.
>
>good idea
>
>Richard
>
>Mike
>
>
>At 03:59 PM 3/30/2004 -0500, James McEachern wrote:
>
> >Mike,
> >In your email you state:
> >
> >---snip---
> >The difference is in the interpretation of a lack of a record.  In LNP,=
 it
> >would mean that the E.164 number is still owned by the original switch,
> >whereas in ENUM it would mean that the E.164 number is not route-able to
> >an IP endpoint.  From a TDM perspective, the entire IP domain could be
> >viewed as a single switch and the LNP routing scheme should work.  The
> >converse (when records exist) could be true for ENUM.
> >
> >
> >A gateway between IP-domain and TDM domain, upon seeing that both an LNP
> >and an ENUM dip have not resolved the route, can safely conclude that the
> >number is unassigned and release the call."
> >
> >---end snip---
> >
> >This seems to suggest that routing to an IP endpoint would require an=
 ENUM
> >entry - otherwise the gateway could safely assume the number is
> >unassigned. Do you really mean this? What would this do to opt-in?
> >
> >Thanks
> >Jim
> >
> >-----Original Message-----
> >From: Stastny Richard
> >[<mailto:Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at>mailto:Richard.Stastny@oefeg.at]
> >Sent: Monday, March 29, 2004 10:30 AM
> >To: Michael Hammer
> >Cc: iptel@ietf.org; sipping@ietf.org; enum@ietf.org
> >Subject: AW: [Iptel] FW: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion
> >
> >Hi Michael,
> >
> >We are trying to find a solution for the following scenarios:
> >A. An E.164 number range is only available and routable in ENUM
> >B. An E.164 number range is available via PSTN and via IP
> >C. An E.164 number range is not assigned at the PSTN
> >
> >If in cases A and B an entry is existing in ENUM, no problem.
> >If the query returns NXDOMAIN, the problem arises for the
> >querying server how to proceed.
> >
> >In case A the server must not forward the call to the PSTN, because
> >a loop may be created. In cases B and C it may forward the call (no harm)
> >but it is not necessary. In case B the server could terminate the call=20
> on IP,
> >in case C the server could say number not available and not bother the
> >PSTN at all.
> >
> >If we find a solution that covers A, B and C may be covered as well.
> >
> >I agree that in future call routing may be improved further in access
> >to LNP servers on the PSTN is available and also if access to ENUM
> >is available on the PSTN (some carriers are already working on this),
> >but this will take some time.
> >
> >We should also come up with a sself-containing solution on IP and
> >not always rely on the PSTN.
> >
> >regards
> >Richard
> >
> >         -----Urspr=C3=83=C2=BCngliche Nachricht-----
> >         Von: Michael Hammer
> > [<mailto:mhammer@cisco.com>mailto:mhammer@cisco.com]
> >         Gesendet: Fr 26.03.2004 17:40
> >         An: Stastny Richard
> >         Cc: iptel@ietf.org; sipping@ietf.org
> >         Betreff: Re: [Iptel] FW: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion
> >
> >
> >
> >         Richard,
> >
> >         Going out on a limb here, since I have not seen all the=
 referenced
> >         discussions.  My first impression is that the description below
> > is overlay
> >         complex.
> >
> >         I have a concern that you appear to be proposing that the ENUM
> > dip would
> >         have definitive answers to:
> >         a) whether a number has been assigned and therefore rout-able,
> >         b) whether a number that is assigned was done, and if so whether
> > to a PSTN
> >         endpoint or an IP endpoint.
> >
> >         Another concern is that, if you do get looped routing between=
 the
> > IP domain
> >         and the TDM domain, this is likely an indication of a lack of
> >         synchronization between the ENUM database and the LNP
> > database.  One or the
> >         other has incorrect data.  I suspect that there may be time lags
> > from when
> >         an SP assigns a number and when it gets reflected in one or=
 another
> >         databases.  If you want the ENUM and LNP databases to be=
 somewhat
> >         independent, you might want a loose coupling of the use of the
> > two systems:
> >
> >           -If endpoint is TDM, then the ENUM database should point to=
 the
> > PSTN,
> >         with default behavior being, if unknown to ENUM, send to PSTN to
> >         resolve.  (Note this is orthogonal to ENUMs use to select
> > alternative
> >         endpoints.)
> >
> >           - If endpoint is IP, then the LNP databases should point to=20
> the IP
> >         domain, with default behavior being, if unknown to LNP, route in
> > the PSTN
> >         to resolve.
> >
> >         The difference is in the interpretation of a lack of a
> > record.  In LNP, it
> >         would mean that the E.164 number is still owned by the original
> > switch,
> >         whereas in ENUM it would mean that the E.164 number is not
> > route-able to an
> >         IP endpoint.  From a TDM perspective, the entire IP domain could
> > be viewed
> >         as a single switch and the LNP routing scheme should work.  The
> > converse
> >         (when records exist) could be true for ENUM.
> >
> >         A gateway between IP-domain and TDM domain, upon seeing that=
 both
> > an LNP
> >         and an ENUM dip have not resolved the route, can safely conclude
> > that the
> >         number is unassigned and release the call.
> >
> >         Actually, it may not be necessary to send a setup message to a
> > GW, nor is
> >         it necessary to have the ENUM and LNP databases duplicate each
> > other.  It
> >         should be sufficient for an ENUM DB to query the LNP DB and
> > respond with an
> >         appropriate answer, or the converse.
> >
> >         Mike
> >
> >
> >         At 04:22 PM 3/25/2004 +0100, Stastny Richard wrote:
> >         >Cross posting from enum@ietf.org
> >         >The discussion is going on the enum-list
> >         >
> >         >Richard Stastny
> >         >OeFEG
> >         >+43 664 420 4100
> >         >
> >         >
> >         >-----Original Message-----
> >         >From: Stastny Richard
> >         >Sent: Thursday, March 25, 2004 1:08 PM
> >         >To: Marian Durkovic; lwc@roke.co.uk
> >         >Cc: enum@ietf.org
> >         >Subject: [Enum] Summary on NoPSTN dicussion
> >         >
> >         >Dear colleagues,
> >         >
> >         >There was a lot of discussions on-list and off-list on this=
 issue,
> >         >so I will try to summarize at least my view of the problem.
> >         >I will also include my current view on the ;enumdi
> >         >and the ;pstn indicator for the tel: URI
> >         >
> >         >ENUM-enabled UAs and Servers are currently processing
> >         >received E.164 numbers (either in a tel:+xxx URI or in a sip:=
 URI
> >         >in the format sip:+xxxx@proc.net;user=3Dphone) in the following=
 way:
> >         >(for simplicity I am only dealing with voice calls)
> >         >Please holler if I got something wrong or you disagree
> >         >
> >         >1. Query ENUM (in e164.arpa)
> >         >
> >         >2. if a NAPTR is found with an "enumservice" sip or voice:sip,
> >         >handle the call as if you have received a sip: URI in the=
 format
> >         >sip:user@prov.net in the first place.
> >         >
> >         >3. If a NAPTR is found with an "enumservice" voice:tel
> >         >3a. and the tel: URI is pointing to a different number,
> >         >query ENUM again for this number
> >         >3b. if the tel: URI is the same as the AUS, forward the
> >         >call to the PSTN, if you are able to do so.
> >         >
> >         >Note: here the proposed ;pstn indicator may come in handy:
> >         >In 3a you may use it in the NAPTR to prevent a second=
 ENUM-query
> >         >and force the call to the PSTN.
> >         >In 3b the server may add ;pstn to inform the next proxy about
> >         >The decision to force the call to the PSTN. On the other hand,
> >         >In this case also the ;enumdi indicator may be used just to=20
> prevent
> >         >an ENUM query. Result: ;pstn is used in ENUM - ;enumdi is used=
 in
> >         >signalling.
> >         >
> >         >4. Now the real problem starts: If the ENUM-query returns=20
> NXDOMAIN,
> >         >the current assumption of all clients is: the call is routed=20
> to the
> >         >PSTN if the server is able to do so (eventually with the=
 ;enumdi
> > set.
> >         >
> >         >This means, we refer the problem to the PSTN. This is not nice=
 for
> >         >various reasons:
> >         >1. we are bothering the PSTN in some cases unnecessarily
> >         >2. the PSTN may not know what to do either and bounce the
> >         >call back, which is creating loops
> >         >3. and finally: what are we doing if there is no PSTN anymore=
 ;-)
> >         >Ok, this seems far reached, but Internet Telephony should be
> > finally
> >         >self-containing.
> >         >
> >         >So what are the additional policies we may want to tell an=
 ENUM-
> >         >client?
> >         >
> >         >1. No such number (unassigned number)
> >         >1a. The whole number range (number block)is unassigned
> >         >1b. There are numbers assigned in this number range, but if you
> >         >do not find one in ENUM, you also will not find one on the=20
> PSTN, so
> >         >it makes no sense to route it to the PSTN (ENUM-only)
> >         >2. Default routing for the whole number range (number block) to
> > a VoIP
> >         >gateway.
> >         >2a. The whole block is routed, there are no individual entries
> > in ENUM
> >         >(e.g. 1-800 numbers)
> >         >2b. There are numbers in ENUM, but if you do not find an entry,
> > route
> >         >the call to the default gateway given. One example for this=
 case
> > may be
> >         >a VoIP provider operating an island only connected to the PSTN.
> > Some
> >         >of the users are also in ENUM (opt-in). If he provider now=
 opens
> > up access
> >         >to the Internet via a gateway (border element, ...), he may=
 want
> > to route
> >         >all calls for his users not in ENUM to the gateway provided by
> > default
> >         >
> >         >Case 1a and 2a can be dealt with in e164.arpa with wildcards,
> > because no
> >         >Additional entries below exist.
> >         >Case 1b and 2b cannot be dealt within e164.arpa, because
> > wildcards do
> >         >not support this.
> >         >
> >         >The solutions proposed for this sofar are.
> >         >
> >         >A. use tables in each server. This is not a good idea and does
> > not help
> >         >ENUM-enable UA. The information should be stored in a global
> > accessible
> >         >and public database (DNS).
> >         >
> >         >B. use a (one, common) second common tree (e164shadow.arpa,
> > where you put
> >         >in only the wildcards for the number ranges in question. The
> > processing
> >         >assumption now should be:
> >         >
> >         >If the ENUM-query returns NXDOMAIN, the call is not routed to
> > the PSTN
> >         >In any case, the server queries e164shadow.arpa, and only if no
> > entry
> >         >is found there, the call is routed to the PSTN. The management=
 and
> >         >delegation procedures of the tree are the same as for=
 e164.arpa.
> >         >The second tree would contain only wildcard NAPTR RR for number
> > ranges
> >         >
> >         >This would be the optimal solution proposed sofar. The problem
> > is that
> >         >a common agreement and a definition on the second tree is
> > necessary.
> >         >
> >         >C. Use individual second shadow trees, eg on a national level,
> > eg in
> >         >Austria e164shadow.at would be used. The problem here is how=
 one
> > can
> >         >find out the domain names of the individual trees.
> >         >One solution is to do it with a table in each server (which is
> > not good).
> >         >
> >         >The other solution is to put pointers in e164.arpa, eg SRV RR=
 or
> > even MX RR.
> >         >The MX record would give eg the root of the other tree, and=
 each
> > tree
> >         >would be structured in the sane way like e164.arpa, so the same
> > algorithms
> >         >can be used.
> >         >
> >         >Since the structure of the delegations in e164.arpa varies=
 (Tier
> > 1 levels),
> >         >there is no easy way to find out the level of the pointers,=
 even
> > if they are
> >         >only on the Tier 1 layer.
> >         >
> >         >It was proposed to search either top down (faster) or bottom up
> > (more
> >         >flexible), because this would allow sub-policies in number=
 ranges.
> >         >
> >         >D. Are there additional possibilities or proposals?
> >         >
> >         >Finally I come to the last issue:
> >         >
> >         >For case 1a and 1b above (no such number) an "enumservice" is
> > necessary
> >         >to indicate that there exists no such number, neither in ENUM
> > nor on the
> >         >PSTN.
> >         >
> >         >Proposals sofar are:
> >         >
> >         >Use a special flag e.g. "n" or "v"
> >         >Use a "enumservice" e.g. "E2U+NONE" or "E2U+VOID" or only=
 "VOID"
> >         >
> >         >Also here additional proposals are invited.
> >         >
> >         >Best regards
> >         >
> >         >Richard
> >         >
> >         >
> >         >
> >         >
> >         >_______________________________________________
> >         >enum mailing list
> >         >enum@ietf.org
> >
>=20
 > > ><https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/enum>https://www1.ietf.org/mai=
=20
>lman/listinfo/enum
> >
> >         >
> >         >_______________________________________________
> >         >Iptel mailing list
> >         >Iptel@ietf.org
> >
>=20
 > > ><https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/iptel>https://www.ietf.org/mail=
=20
>man/listinfo/iptel
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >z{x%^=C3=A1=C2=A6=C5=BEzrm=C3=A1=C2=A8=C2=B6?
> >0u'~ffX)n
>
>
>_______________________________________________
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