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From diffserv-interest-admin@ietf.org  Tue Aug  7 19:28:15 2001
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Subject: [Diffserv-interest] intra-domain (diffserv) resource allocation
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To my knowledge, the most of the research in resource allocation for
Diffserv networks are related to inter-domain (diffserv) resource
allocation mechanisms where resources provisioned statically. when dynamic
resource allocation is required, they are not clear in specific algorithms
to achieve service requirements for traffic aggregates (I'm sorry if I am
wrong on this), i.e. bandwidth brokers (BBs); I think UCLA's BB provides
specific algorithms to achieve inter-domain resource allocation by means
of cushions given in two-tier resource management model. I think this is
important where ressources are provisioned dynamically. this may not be
important in the core domains, but it may be necessary towards the leaf
domains.

Is there any research/paper addressing mechanisms/algorithms for
intra-domain resource management/allocation? Moreover, towards the
leaf domains, instead of aggregate traffic level resource
allocation/provisioning, microflow/application/flow-level resource
provisioning may be demanded. As far as I know, one way to achieve this is
RSVP/Intserv(like) mechanisms may take place. I think this is a
heavy-weight + fine-grained way to provide end-to-end QoS where the core
of the network is Diffserv (my concern is to achieve end-to-end QoS where
the core domains are Diffserv. Any comments/ideas/references? Thank you
very much.

Thank you.

Alper K. Demir


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From diffserv-interest-admin@ietf.org  Wed Aug  8 13:06:08 2001
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Subject: [Diffserv-interest] DiffServ & Multicasting
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Has there been any efforts beyond the IETF draft by Bless & Wuerhle on 
DiffServ multicasting?  Our group has been doing a bit of research in this 
area and I'm a bit concerned about multicast in a DiffServ environment.

The two areas I am primarily concerned about are:

- Scalability of per-group information in the core router

Is it scalable to include per-group information as per traditional IP 
multicast in core routers?  Per-group information seems to go against the 
spirit of DiffServ as a whole.  Although the information is not affected by 
the number of downstream receivers, it seems that the number of multicast 
groups could get extremely large.

With a protocol such as SSM, it seems things could get even worse with even 
more state information in the core.
One of the examples I had heard was a company offering all of its objects 
on its webpage with a separate multicast stream for each object.  Although 
this is probably a bit of overkill, it seems that this could be a very real 
possibility, if even on a limited sense.

- Complexity of multicasting in the core router

This ties back in with the scalability issue but what about the various 
timing/signalling associated with multicasting (soft state, bandwidth 
negotiation (?)).  This seems like a fairly heavy burden to place on core 
routers when dealing with the potential maintenance and signalling 
associated with per-group information.  These items seem like things which 
are best left to edge routers rather than being dealt with in the core.

- Keep intelligence at edges

It seems that to really follow the spirit of DiffServ (keep the complexity 
at the edges), the tree maintenance issues and signalling should be left to 
the edge routers with core routers only routing packets (tunnel from 
edge-to-edge) or responding to information embedded in the packet 
(encapsulation approach).  Embedding the information in the packet seems to 
follow suit with the notion of per-hop behavior (how to treat the packet is 
contained in the packet and not at the core node itself).

Although there was quite a bit of discussion on multicasting some time ago 
and I would like to discuss what other people think on this issue.  I think 
the notion of keeping the multicast intelligence at the edges has 
significant benefits versus using traditional IP multicast and I think this 
is a topic that merits further discussion.


---------------------------------------
Aaron Striegel
Ph.D Candidate, Computer Engineering - Internet QoS
Dept. of Electrical & Computer Engineering
Iowa State University
Webpage: http://www.public.iastate.edu/~magico


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From diffserv-interest-admin@ietf.org  Wed Aug  8 14:08:25 2001
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Subject: [Diffserv-interest] Desperately seeking...
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I am seeing bounces on the diffserv-interest list for this address:

   sumitkm@mindtree.com

which is not actually a member of the list, so it must be hiding behind
another name.

Does anybody here have an idea who it might be?

Thanks
   Brian

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From diffserv-interest-admin@ietf.org  Thu Aug  9 04:12:18 2001
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Hy Aaron,

> The two areas I am primarily concerned about are:
> 
> - Scalability of per-group information in the core router
> 
> Is it scalable to include per-group information as per traditional IP 
> multicast in core routers?  Per-group information seems to go against 
> the spirit of DiffServ as a whole.


I agree with you. This could possibly result in a scalability problem. 
We discussed about it, when writing the mc/diffserv-draft

But the first aim of our draft was to solve the problem with multicast 
and diffserv (we called it neglected reservation subtree problem - NRS).

the problem with extremely large group entries in a core router is 
independant from the NRS-problem. when moving the tree maintenance to 
the edge routers you will also have the NRS-problem.

> - Keep intelligence at edges
> 
> It seems that to really follow the spirit of DiffServ (keep the 
> complexity at the edges), the tree maintenance issues and signalling 
> should be left to the edge routers with core routers only routing 
> packets (tunnel from edge-to-edge)


this seems to me like the spirit of mpls  ;-)

bye,
klaus


-- 
  Klaus Wehrle
  Institut für Telematik, Universität Karlsruhe (TH)
  Zirkel 2, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
  Phone: +49 721 608 6414, Fax: +49 721 388097
  mailto:wehrle@tm.uka.de http://www.tm.uka.de/~wehrle





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From diffserv-interest-admin@ietf.org  Thu Aug  9 18:25:14 2001
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Subject: [Diffserv-interest] FW: I-D ACTION:draft-mcdysan-diffserv-ethernet-00.txt
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This draft proposes mechanisms for Diffserv over Ethernet. We would like to
learn if there is any common interest on Diffserv over specific data link
layer, e.g. Ethernet.
Thanks.
Lei

> ---------- Forwarded message ----------
> Date: Mon, 16 Jul 2001 06:58:41 -0400
> From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
> To: IETF-Announce:  ;
> Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-mcdysan-diffserv-ethernet-00.txt
>
> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts
> directories.
>
>
>       Title           : Differentiated Services Over 802.3
> Networks Framework
>       Author(s)       : D. McDysan , L.Yao
>       Filename        : draft-mcdysan-diffserv-ethernet-00.txt
>       Pages           : 4
>       Date            : 13-Jul-01
>
> This document describes the deliver of IETF Differentiated Services
> over MANs or WANs built from interconnected IEEE 802.3 MAC Bridges
> (switches).  It describes the overlay model which uses Ethernet over
> MPLS to provide Diffserv support, and the mapping model which maps
> Diffserv PHBs to Ethernet user priorities and uses the inherent
> capabilities of relevant IEEE 802 technologies and, in particular,
> [802.1D-1998] queuing features and [802.1Q-1998] VLAN tags, to
> support Diffserv.
>
> A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-mcdysan-diffserv-ethernet-00.txt
>
> Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP. Login with
> the username
> "anonymous" and a password of your e-mail address. After logging in,
> type "cd internet-drafts" and then
>       "get draft-mcdysan-diffserv-ethernet-00.txt".
>
> A list of Internet-Drafts directories can be found in
> http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html
> or ftp://ftp.ietf.org/ietf/1shadow-sites.txt
>
>
> Internet-Drafts can also be obtained by e-mail.
>
> Send a message to:
>       mailserv@ietf.org.
> In the body type:
>       "FILE /internet-drafts/draft-mcdysan-diffserv-ethernet-00.txt".
>
> NOTE: The mail server at ietf.org can return the document in
>       MIME-encoded form by using the "mpack" utility.  To use this
>       feature, insert the command "ENCODING mime" before the "FILE"
>       command.  To decode the response(s), you will need "munpack" or
>       a MIME-compliant mail reader.  Different MIME-compliant mail readers
>       exhibit different behavior, especially when dealing with
>       "multipart" MIME messages (i.e. documents which have been split
>       up into multiple messages), so check your local documentation on
>       how to manipulate these messages.
>
>
> Below is the data which will enable a MIME compliant mail reader
> implementation to automatically retrieve the ASCII version of the
> Internet-Draft.
>


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From diffserv-interest-admin@ietf.org  Mon Aug 13 01:54:54 2001
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Date: Mon, 13 Aug 2001 14:56:12 +0900
From: Jaeyoung Kim <jay@enisei.postech.ac.kr>
To: diffserv-interest@ietf.org
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Hi, I have an practical question on DiffServ networks.
If DiffServ technology is deployed in most of backbone networks,
what is the proper network size of a single DiffServ domain?
How many edge routers and core routers?

Since I'm studying in monitoring DiffServ networks and I don't have
experienced with the big backbone networks, I'd like to ask you out
there about this information.

I think I've heard some backbone networks have already deployed
DiffServ technology. How big is your network size in terms of number
of edge/core routers?

Thanks in advance.

Sincerely,
Jay Kim


-- 
============================================================================
 __/\__ ** Remember Yesterday, Dream about Tomorrow, but ... LIVE TODAY !!!
 \ /\ / -------------------------------------------------------------------
 /_\/_\ ** jay@postech.ac.kr                 http://home.postech.ac.kr/~jay
   \/   ** Jaeyoung Kim      Computer Science & Engineering, POSTECH, KOREA

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From diffserv-interest-admin@ietf.org  Tue Aug 14 11:20:56 2001
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Date: Tue, 14 Aug 2001 10:23:54 -0500
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I don't see why there would be a "proper" size. Diffserv is designed
to be scaleable, and I don't see any reason that deploying diffserv
would cause you to make an administrative domain bigger or smaller.

   Brian

Jaeyoung Kim wrote:
> 
> Hi, I have an practical question on DiffServ networks.
> If DiffServ technology is deployed in most of backbone networks,
> what is the proper network size of a single DiffServ domain?
> How many edge routers and core routers?
> 
> Since I'm studying in monitoring DiffServ networks and I don't have
> experienced with the big backbone networks, I'd like to ask you out
> there about this information.
> 
> I think I've heard some backbone networks have already deployed
> DiffServ technology. How big is your network size in terms of number
> of edge/core routers?
> 
> Thanks in advance.
> 
> Sincerely,
> Jay Kim
> 
> --
> ============================================================================
>  __/\__ ** Remember Yesterday, Dream about Tomorrow, but ... LIVE TODAY !!!
>  \ /\ / -------------------------------------------------------------------
>  /_\/_\ ** jay@postech.ac.kr                 http://home.postech.ac.kr/~jay
>    \/   ** Jaeyoung Kim      Computer Science & Engineering, POSTECH, KOREA
>

_______________________________________________
Diffserv-interest mailing list
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From diffserv-interest-admin@ietf.org  Tue Aug 14 18:42:56 2001
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Can Someone help me on this doubt .. 
Some Pointers to Research Literature ..
 Questions : 
 Consider a rate limit scheme say "Credit based " support X Kbits over 100
Mb links. 
 When the link is changed to 1000 Mb is it expected to change the expected 
 burst size to 10 * X Kb What is the rule dictating Burst definition over
large pipe networks ..? 
Thanks 
John 


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From diffserv-interest-admin@ietf.org  Tue Aug 14 19:01:52 2001
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Date: Tue, 14 Aug 2001 17:59:15 -0500
From: Brian E Carpenter <brian@hursley.ibm.com>
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Subject: [Diffserv-interest] Re: [Diffserv] Doubt regarding "Packet Burst"
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Jay, I don't know which mail agent you are using, but it doesn't send plain text which
is the IETF norm.

I've switched this thread to diffserv-interest.

It is clear that you are right; a simple linear calculation is not suitable. If the
traffic source is relatively smooth the linear calculation may be wasteful, and if the
source is very bursty it may be insufficient. It really depends on the situation. 
We do know that even smooth traffic gets to be self similar as it competes with
other flows, so the distance from the source may also be a factor. There is
no simple answer.

  Brian

> With respect to rate Limiting, the burst size allows the provider to specify the tolerance level against
> traffic burst of a particular 'subscrber'. Given this, I tend to believe the burst size parameter should 
> only adjust along with the subscriber traffic profile as oppose to the overall (presumable shared) 
> physical link (size).  So typically I think it would be reasonable to increase the burst size if the BW 
> allocated to the corresponding subscriber increases. However, I am not sure if the linear model as
> you use in your example a proper one. This all depends on, again, the subscriber traffic profile.
>  
> - jay 
> 
>        -----Original Message-----
>        From: diffserv-admin@ietf.org [mailto:diffserv-admin@ietf.org]On Behalf Of Geevarghese John
>        Sent: Tuesday, August 14, 2001 10:07 AM
>        To: diffserv@ietf.org
>        Subject: [Diffserv] Doubt regarding "Packet Burst"
> 
>        Can Someone help me on this doubt ..
> 
>        Sorry if this is not the correct mailingin list for the same ...
> 
>        Questions :
> 
>        Consider a rate limit scheme say "Credit based " support X Kbits over 100 MB links.
> 
>        When the link is changed to 1000 MB is it expected to change the expected 
> 
>        burst size to 10 * X Kb
> 
>        What is the rule dictating Burst definition over large pipe networks ..?
> 
>        Thanks 
> 
>        John

_______________________________________________
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From diffserv-interest-admin@ietf.org  Tue Aug 14 23:49:23 2001
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From: "rajesh revuru" <rajeshrevuru@hotmail.com>
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Subject: [Diffserv-interest] path computation algorthm in diffserv nodes..
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<html><div style='background-color:'><DIV>
<P>hi eerveryone,</P>
<P>iam a graduate student at syracuse university Newyork...and iam new to this mailing list..iam working in the areas of the "path computation algorithms using two two metrics (using the cost of the link, and delay constraints),</P>
<P>please anyone suggest any previous works in this area iam really interested in that&nbsp; area,</P>
<P>please excuse me if i would have sounded like a amateur in presenting my issue...</P>
<P>thanks a lot ,and waiting for your responses</P>
<P>Rajesh Revuru<BR><BR></P></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>&gt;From: Brian E Carpenter <BRIAN@HURSLEY.IBM.COM>
<DIV></DIV>&gt;To: Jay Wang <JWANG@OPIXNETWORKS.COM>
<DIV></DIV>&gt;CC: Geevarghese John <GEEVJOHN@HOTMAIL.COM>, diffserv-interest@ietf.org 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Subject: [Diffserv-interest] Re: [Diffserv] Doubt regarding "Packet Burst" 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Date: Tue, 14 Aug 2001 17:59:15 -0500 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Jay, I don't know which mail agent you are using, but it doesn't send plain text which 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;is the IETF norm. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;I've switched this thread to diffserv-interest. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;It is clear that you are right; a simple linear calculation is not suitable. If the 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;traffic source is relatively smooth the linear calculation may be wasteful, and if the 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;source is very bursty it may be insufficient. It really depends on the situation. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;We do know that even smooth traffic gets to be self similar as it competes with 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;other flows, so the distance from the source may also be a factor. There is 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;no simple answer. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; Brian 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; With respect to rate Limiting, the burst size allows the provider to specify the tolerance level against 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; traffic burst of a particular 'subscrber'. Given this, I tend to believe the burst size parameter should 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; only adjust along with the subscriber traffic profile as oppose to the overall (presumable shared) 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; physical link (size). So typically I think it would be reasonable to increase the burst size if the BW 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; allocated to the corresponding subscriber increases. However, I am not sure if the linear model as 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; you use in your example a proper one. This all depends on, again, the subscriber traffic profile. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; - jay 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; -----Original Message----- 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; From: diffserv-admin@ietf.org [mailto:diffserv-admin@ietf.org]On Behalf Of Geevarghese John 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; Sent: Tuesday, August 14, 2001 10:07 AM 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; To: diffserv@ietf.org 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; Subject: [Diffserv] Doubt regarding "Packet Burst" 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; Can Someone help me on this doubt .. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; Sorry if this is not the correct mailingin list for the same ... 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; Questions : 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; Consider a rate limit scheme say "Credit based " support X Kbits over 100 MB links. 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; When the link is changed to 1000 MB is it expected to change the expected 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; burst size to 10 * X Kb 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; What is the rule dictating Burst definition over large pipe networks ..? 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; Thanks 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; &gt; John 
<DIV></DIV>&gt; 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;_______________________________________________ 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Diffserv-interest mailing list 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;Diffserv-interest@ietf.org 
<DIV></DIV>&gt;http://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/diffserv-interest 
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From: Anoop Ghanwani <anoop@cosinecom.com>
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When setting up packet classifiers and policers, is it
valid to assume that a packet can hit more than one policer?  

For instance, a packet which gets classified as being part 
of a microflow may have a policer associated with it.  At 
the same time, it may be desirable to police the aggregate 
traffic from the interface that this packet came in on.

Does the above scenario make sense, or is it expected that
a packet will hit at most one policer on ingress?

Thanks,
-Anoop
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<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>When setting up packet classifiers and policers, is =
it</FONT>
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policer?&nbsp; </FONT>
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<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>For instance, a packet which gets classified as being =
part </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>of a microflow may have a policer associated with =
it.&nbsp; At </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>the same time, it may be desirable to police the =
aggregate </FONT>
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on.</FONT>
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<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Does the above scenario make sense, or is it expected =
that</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>a packet will hit at most one policer on =
ingress?</FONT>
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<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Thanks,</FONT>
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From diffserv-interest-admin@ietf.org  Thu Aug 16 16:48:30 2001
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From: "Jeff Norman" <jnorman@nortelnetworks.com>
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Subject: re:[Diffserv-interest] packet classification and policing
To: Anoop Ghanwani <anoop@cosinecom.com>
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Anoop,
  Although not part of a standard, I don't think there is anything
preventing anyone from allowing packets from going through more
than one policer.   Actually the example you gave is the most
common example known IMHO of using two policiers for IP packets,
one to control the microflow feeding conforming packets into a BA policer.

--Jeff

In message "[Diffserv-interest] packet classification and policing", Anoop Ghanwani writes:

>
>
>When setting up packet classifiers and policers, is it 
>valid to assume that a packet can hit more than one policer?  
>
>For instance, a packet which gets classified as being part 
>of a microflow may have a policer associated with it.  At 
>the same time, it may be desirable to police the aggregate 
>traffic from the interface that this packet came in on. 
>
>Does the above scenario make sense, or is it expected that 
>a packet will hit at most one policer on ingress? 
>
>Thanks, 
>-Anoop 
>########################################################################
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From diffserv-interest-admin@ietf.org  Fri Aug 17 18:53:40 2001
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From: Anoop Ghanwani <anoop@cosinecom.com>
To: "'Jeff Norman'" <jnorman@nortelnetworks.com>
Cc: "'diffserv-interest@ietf.org'" <diffserv-interest@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Diffserv-interest] packet classification and policing
Date: Fri, 17 Aug 2001 15:52:45 -0700
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Jeff,

Thanks for response.

If a packet can go through multiple policers, then
there is the following issue.  Suppose the
packet goes through two policers.  One of them says it's
conforming, the other says that it's out of profile.  I
assume then, that the packet would be treated as an 
out-of-profile packet.  However, it has just used some
some "good" credits from the policer that considered it
conforming.  Those are wasted credits and could well
have been used by some other packet.

How do you think that should be handled?

-Anoop

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Jeff Norman [mailto:jnorman@nortelnetworks.com]
> Sent: Thursday, August 16, 2001 1:48 PM
> To: Anoop Ghanwani
> Cc: 'diffserv-interest@ietf.org'
> Subject: re:[Diffserv-interest] packet classification and policing
> 
> 
> Anoop,
>   Although not part of a standard, I don't think there is anything
> preventing anyone from allowing packets from going through more
> than one policer.   Actually the example you gave is the most
> common example known IMHO of using two policiers for IP packets,
> one to control the microflow feeding conforming packets into 
> a BA policer.
> 
> --Jeff
> 
> In message "[Diffserv-interest] packet classification and 
> policing", Anoop Ghanwani writes:
> 
> >
> >
> >When setting up packet classifiers and policers, is it 
> >valid to assume that a packet can hit more than one policer?  
> >
> >For instance, a packet which gets classified as being part 
> >of a microflow may have a policer associated with it.  At 
> >the same time, it may be desirable to police the aggregate 
> >traffic from the interface that this packet came in on. 
> >
> >Does the above scenario make sense, or is it expected that 
> >a packet will hit at most one policer on ingress? 
> >
> >Thanks, 
> >-Anoop 
> 
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<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Jeff,</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Thanks for response.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>If a packet can go through multiple policers, =
then</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>there is the following issue.&nbsp; Suppose =
the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>packet goes through two policers.&nbsp; One of them =
says it's</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>conforming, the other says that it's out of =
profile.&nbsp; I</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>assume then, that the packet would be treated as an =
</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>out-of-profile packet.&nbsp; However, it has just =
used some</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>some &quot;good&quot; credits from the policer that =
considered it</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>conforming.&nbsp; Those are wasted credits and could =
well</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>have been used by some other packet.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>How do you think that should be handled?</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>-Anoop</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; From: Jeff Norman [<A =
HREF=3D"mailto:jnorman@nortelnetworks.com">mailto:jnorman@nortelnetworks=
.com</A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Sent: Thursday, August 16, 2001 1:48 PM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; To: Anoop Ghanwani</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Cc: 'diffserv-interest@ietf.org'</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Subject: re:[Diffserv-interest] packet =
classification and policing</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Anoop,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; Although not part of a standard, I =
don't think there is anything</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; preventing anyone from allowing packets from =
going through more</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; than one policer.&nbsp;&nbsp; Actually the =
example you gave is the most</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; common example known IMHO of using two =
policiers for IP packets,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; one to control the microflow feeding conforming =
packets into </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; a BA policer.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; --Jeff</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; In message &quot;[Diffserv-interest] packet =
classification and </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; policing&quot;, Anoop Ghanwani writes:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;When setting up packet classifiers and =
policers, is it </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;valid to assume that a packet can hit more =
than one policer?&nbsp; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;For instance, a packet which gets =
classified as being part </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;of a microflow may have a policer =
associated with it.&nbsp; At </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;the same time, it may be desirable to =
police the aggregate </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;traffic from the interface that this packet =
came in on. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;Does the above scenario make sense, or is =
it expected that </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;a packet will hit at most one policer on =
ingress? </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;Thanks, </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;-Anoop </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT =
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From diffserv-interest-admin@ietf.org  Fri Aug 17 19:22:01 2001
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From: "Jeff Norman" <jnorman@nortelnetworks.com>
Reply-To: "Jeff Norman" <jnorman@nortelnetworks.com>
Subject: RE: [Diffserv-interest] packet classification and policing
To: Anoop Ghanwani <anoop@cosinecom.com>
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Anoop,
  You have a good point, but then it is obvious then that you cannot always
guarantee the conforming rate for both policers when microflows are running
above the conforming rate.  The two policiers pretty much should be considered
independent from each other.  Much like a Layer 3 policer wouldn't influence
a Layer 2 policer.

The order of the policers can also be determined by the SLA, you might wish
to re-order the policer, where the BA policer is first, then the microflow
policer.

I'm not aware of any implementations out there where one policer can
influence the credit system of another policer, maybe someone out there
is aware of something like that and can correct me.

--Jeff


In message "[Diffserv-interest] packet classification and policing", Anoop Ghanwani writes:

>
>Jeff, 
>
>Thanks for response. 
>
>If a packet can go through multiple policers, then 
>there is the following issue.  Suppose the 
>packet goes through two policers.  One of them says it's 
>conforming, the other says that it's out of profile.  I 
>assume then, that the packet would be treated as an 
>out-of-profile packet.  However, it has just used some 
>some "good" credits from the policer that considered it 
>conforming.  Those are wasted credits and could well 
>have been used by some other packet. 
>
>How do you think that should be handled? 
>
>-Anoop 
>
>> -----Original Message----- 
>> From: Jeff Norman [ mailto:jnorman@nortelnetworks.com
><mailto:jnorman@nortelnetworks.com> ] 
>> Sent: Thursday, August 16, 2001 1:48 PM 
>> To: Anoop Ghanwani 
>> Cc: 'diffserv-interest@ietf.org' 
>> Subject: re:[Diffserv-interest] packet classification and policing 
>> 
>> 
>> Anoop, 
>>   Although not part of a standard, I don't think there is anything 
>> preventing anyone from allowing packets from going through more 
>> than one policer.   Actually the example you gave is the most 
>> common example known IMHO of using two policiers for IP packets, 
>> one to control the microflow feeding conforming packets into 
>> a BA policer. 
>> 
>> --Jeff 
>> 
>> In message "[Diffserv-interest] packet classification and 
>> policing", Anoop Ghanwani writes: 
>> 
>> > 
>> > 
>> >When setting up packet classifiers and policers, is it 
>> >valid to assume that a packet can hit more than one policer?  
>> > 
>> >For instance, a packet which gets classified as being part 
>> >of a microflow may have a policer associated with it.  At 
>> >the same time, it may be desirable to police the aggregate 
>> >traffic from the interface that this packet came in on. 
>> > 
>> >Does the above scenario make sense, or is it expected that 
>> >a packet will hit at most one policer on ingress? 
>> > 
>> >Thanks, 
>> >-Anoop 
>> 
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Date: Mon, 27 Aug 2001 12:47:15 +0200
From: Marcus Brunner <brunner@ccrle.nec.de>
To: Jaeyoung Kim <jay@enisei.postech.ac.kr>
Cc: diffserv-interest@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Diffserv-interest] size of a DiffServ domain
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Yes, DiffServ itself is scalable, however, don't forget the 
management/control systems (e.g., bandwidth bokers etc.). Depending on the 
architecture, the services you want to provide, and the number of customers 
you want to service, the mgt systems might be a bottleneck.

Marcus

--On Tuesday, August 14, 2001 10:23 AM -0500 Brian E Carpenter 
<brian@hursley.ibm.com> wrote:

> I don't see why there would be a "proper" size. Diffserv is designed
> to be scaleable, and I don't see any reason that deploying diffserv
> would cause you to make an administrative domain bigger or smaller.
>
>    Brian
>
> Jaeyoung Kim wrote:
>>
>> Hi, I have an practical question on DiffServ networks.
>> If DiffServ technology is deployed in most of backbone networks,
>> what is the proper network size of a single DiffServ domain?
>> How many edge routers and core routers?
>>
>> Since I'm studying in monitoring DiffServ networks and I don't have
>> experienced with the big backbone networks, I'd like to ask you out
>> there about this information.
>>
>> I think I've heard some backbone networks have already deployed
>> DiffServ technology. How big is your network size in terms of number
>> of edge/core routers?
>>
>> Thanks in advance.
>>
>> Sincerely,
>> Jay Kim
>>
>> --
>> ========================================================================
>> ==== __/\__ ** Remember Yesterday, Dream about Tomorrow, but ... LIVE
>>  TODAY !!! \ /\ /
>>  -------------------------------------------------------------------
>>  /_\/_\ ** jay@postech.ac.kr
>>  http://home.postech.ac.kr/~jay \/   ** Jaeyoung Kim      Computer
>>    Science & Engineering, POSTECH, KOREA
>>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Diffserv-interest mailing list
> Diffserv-interest@ietf.org
> http://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/diffserv-interest
>



--------------------------------------
Dr. Marcus Brunner
Network Laboratories
NEC Europe Ltd.

E-Mail: brunner@ccrle.nec.de
WWW:    http://www.ccrle.nec.de/
personal home page: http://www.brubers.org

Adenauerplatz 6
D-69115 Heidelberg
Germany

Phone: +49 (0)6221/ 9051129
Fax:   +49 (0)6221/ 9051155


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From diffserv-interest-admin@ietf.org  Mon Aug 27 10:13:02 2001
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Date: Mon, 27 Aug 2001 09:10:12 -0500
To: diffserv-interest@ietf.org
From: Aaron D Striegel <adstrieg@iastate.edu>
Subject: Re: [Diffserv-interest] size of a DiffServ domain
In-Reply-To: <2484022569.998916435@[192.168.102.79]>
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I think Jaeyoung might have meant to inquire what a typical size was as opposed to a proper size in order to have a practical foundation for simulations.

Aaron  

At 12:47 PM 8/27/2001 +0200, Marcus Brunner wrote:
>Yes, DiffServ itself is scalable, however, don't forget the management/control systems (e.g., bandwidth bokers etc.). Depending on the architecture, the services you want to provide, and the number of customers you want to service, the mgt systems might be a bottleneck.
>
>Marcus
>
>--On Tuesday, August 14, 2001 10:23 AM -0500 Brian E Carpenter <brian@hursley.ibm.com> wrote:
>
>>I don't see why there would be a "proper" size. Diffserv is designed
>>to be scaleable, and I don't see any reason that deploying diffserv
>>would cause you to make an administrative domain bigger or smaller.
>>
>>   Brian
>>
>>Jaeyoung Kim wrote:
>>>
>>>Hi, I have an practical question on DiffServ networks.
>>>If DiffServ technology is deployed in most of backbone networks,
>>>what is the proper network size of a single DiffServ domain?
>>>How many edge routers and core routers?
>>>
>>>Since I'm studying in monitoring DiffServ networks and I don't have
>>>experienced with the big backbone networks, I'd like to ask you out
>>>there about this information.
>>>
>>>I think I've heard some backbone networks have already deployed
>>>DiffServ technology. How big is your network size in terms of number
>>>of edge/core routers?
>>>
>>>Thanks in advance.
>>>
>>>Sincerely,
>>>Jay Kim
>>>
>>>--
>>>========================================================================
>>>==== __/\__ ** Remember Yesterday, Dream about Tomorrow, but ... LIVE
>>> TODAY !!! \ /\ /
>>> -------------------------------------------------------------------
>>> /_\/_\ ** jay@postech.ac.kr
>>> http://home.postech.ac.kr/~jay \/   ** Jaeyoung Kim      Computer
>>>   Science & Engineering, POSTECH, KOREA
>>
>>_______________________________________________
>>Diffserv-interest mailing list
>>Diffserv-interest@ietf.org
>>http://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/diffserv-interest
>
>
>
>--------------------------------------
>Dr. Marcus Brunner
>Network Laboratories
>NEC Europe Ltd.
>
>E-Mail: brunner@ccrle.nec.de
>WWW:    http://www.ccrle.nec.de/
>personal home page: http://www.brubers.org
>
>Adenauerplatz 6
>D-69115 Heidelberg
>Germany
>
>Phone: +49 (0)6221/ 9051129
>Fax:   +49 (0)6221/ 9051155
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>Diffserv-interest mailing list
>Diffserv-interest@ietf.org
>http://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/diffserv-interest



_______________________________________________
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From diffserv-interest-admin@ietf.org  Mon Aug 27 11:04:39 2001
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If that is the question, I think the answer will be "as large as possible". 
I haven't seen any simulations yet that seemed to be large enough to 
capture the edge-to-edge behaviour of a real network (tens or hundreds
of border routers and thousands of clients).

   Brian

Aaron D Striegel wrote:
> 
> I think Jaeyoung might have meant to inquire what a typical size was as opposed to a proper size in order to have a practical foundation for simulations.
> 
> Aaron
> 
> At 12:47 PM 8/27/2001 +0200, Marcus Brunner wrote:
> >Yes, DiffServ itself is scalable, however, don't forget the management/control systems (e.g., bandwidth bokers etc.). Depending on the architecture, the services you want to provide, and the number of customers you want to service, the mgt systems might be a bottleneck.
> >
> >Marcus
> >
> >--On Tuesday, August 14, 2001 10:23 AM -0500 Brian E Carpenter <brian@hursley.ibm.com> wrote:
> >
> >>I don't see why there would be a "proper" size. Diffserv is designed
> >>to be scaleable, and I don't see any reason that deploying diffserv
> >>would cause you to make an administrative domain bigger or smaller.
> >>
> >>   Brian
> >>
> >>Jaeyoung Kim wrote:
> >>>
> >>>Hi, I have an practical question on DiffServ networks.
> >>>If DiffServ technology is deployed in most of backbone networks,
> >>>what is the proper network size of a single DiffServ domain?
> >>>How many edge routers and core routers?
> >>>
> >>>Since I'm studying in monitoring DiffServ networks and I don't have
> >>>experienced with the big backbone networks, I'd like to ask you out
> >>>there about this information.
> >>>
> >>>I think I've heard some backbone networks have already deployed
> >>>DiffServ technology. How big is your network size in terms of number
> >>>of edge/core routers?
> >>>
> >>>Thanks in advance.
> >>>
> >>>Sincerely,
> >>>Jay Kim
> >>>
> >>>--
> >>>========================================================================
> >>>==== __/\__ ** Remember Yesterday, Dream about Tomorrow, but ... LIVE
> >>> TODAY !!! \ /\ /
> >>> -------------------------------------------------------------------
> >>> /_\/_\ ** jay@postech.ac.kr
> >>> http://home.postech.ac.kr/~jay \/   ** Jaeyoung Kim      Computer
> >>>   Science & Engineering, POSTECH, KOREA
> >>
> >>_______________________________________________
> >>Diffserv-interest mailing list
> >>Diffserv-interest@ietf.org
> >>http://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/diffserv-interest
> >
> >
> >
> >--------------------------------------
> >Dr. Marcus Brunner
> >Network Laboratories
> >NEC Europe Ltd.
> >
> >E-Mail: brunner@ccrle.nec.de
> >WWW:    http://www.ccrle.nec.de/
> >personal home page: http://www.brubers.org
> >
> >Adenauerplatz 6
> >D-69115 Heidelberg
> >Germany
> >
> >Phone: +49 (0)6221/ 9051129
> >Fax:   +49 (0)6221/ 9051155
> >
> >

_______________________________________________
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From diffserv-interest-admin@ietf.org  Mon Aug 27 12:23:19 2001
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From: Jaeyoung Kim <jay@enisei.postech.ac.kr>
To: diffserv-interest@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Diffserv-interest] size of a DiffServ domain
Message-ID: <20010828012126.A15380@enisei.postech.ac.kr>
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On Mon, Aug 27, 2001 at 09:10:12AM -0500, Aaron D Striegel wrote:
> I think Jaeyoung might have meant to inquire what a typical size was 
> as opposed to a proper size in order to have a practical foundation for 
> simulations.
> 
> Aaron  
> 
> At 12:47 PM 8/27/2001 +0200, Marcus Brunner wrote:
> >Yes, DiffServ itself is scalable, however, don't forget the 
> management/control systems (e.g., bandwidth bokers etc.). Depending on the 
> architecture, the services you want to provide, and the number of customers 
> you want to service, the mgt systems might be a bottleneck.
> >
> >Marcus

Thank you, Aaron and Marcus, for clarifying what I meant in my previous
question. Theoretically, Mr. Carpenter's comment is correct. Absolutely
I agree on that DiffServ is scalable.

However, when it comes to managing DiffServ networks, it is good to have
information in advance on how big the network of concern is. Although
there is no theoretical limitation on the size of DiffServ domain, my
intuition is saying that a practical size of one DiffServ domain will not
be over a size of 50 routers. Besides, the number of edge routers might
be less than 10 or 15.

This estimation is important when devising simulation scenarios which
are as realistic as possible.

I think it is helpful if I know the actual size of network domains of
some big backbone network providers. Anybody?

Anyway, thank you for your valuable comments.

Sincerely,
Jay Kim



-- 
============================================================================
 __/\__ ** Remember Yesterday, Dream about Tomorrow, but ... LIVE TODAY !!!
 \ /\ / -------------------------------------------------------------------
 /_\/_\ ** jay@postech.ac.kr                 http://home.postech.ac.kr/~jay
   \/   ** Jaeyoung Kim      Computer Science & Engineering, POSTECH, KOREA

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From diffserv-interest-admin@ietf.org  Mon Aug 27 12:52:31 2001
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Date: Mon, 27 Aug 2001 11:49:10 -0500
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Subject: Re: [Diffserv-interest] size of a DiffServ domain
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Jaeyoung Kim wrote:
> 
> On Mon, Aug 27, 2001 at 09:10:12AM -0500, Aaron D Striegel wrote:
> > I think Jaeyoung might have meant to inquire what a typical size was
> > as opposed to a proper size in order to have a practical foundation for
> > simulations.
> >
> > Aaron
> >
> > At 12:47 PM 8/27/2001 +0200, Marcus Brunner wrote:
> > >Yes, DiffServ itself is scalable, however, don't forget the
> > management/control systems (e.g., bandwidth bokers etc.). Depending on the
> > architecture, the services you want to provide, and the number of customers
> > you want to service, the mgt systems might be a bottleneck.
> > >
> > >Marcus
> 
> Thank you, Aaron and Marcus, for clarifying what I meant in my previous
> question. Theoretically, Mr. Carpenter's comment is correct. Absolutely
> I agree on that DiffServ is scalable.
> 
> However, when it comes to managing DiffServ networks, it is good to have
> information in advance on how big the network of concern is. Although
> there is no theoretical limitation on the size of DiffServ domain, my
> intuition is saying that a practical size of one DiffServ domain will not
> be over a size of 50 routers. Besides, the number of edge routers might
> be less than 10 or 15.

These numbers seem low to me. 50 routers is not even a large sized campus
network, let alone a backbone.

> 
> This estimation is important when devising simulation scenarios which
> are as realistic as possible.

Indeed. It would be very interesting to know the size-dependency
as well - do the statistics look different as the network gets bigger?

   Brian

> 
> I think it is helpful if I know the actual size of network domains of
> some big backbone network providers. Anybody?
> 
> Anyway, thank you for your valuable comments.
> 
> Sincerely,
> Jay Kim
> 
> --
> ============================================================================
>  __/\__ ** Remember Yesterday, Dream about Tomorrow, but ... LIVE TODAY !!!
>  \ /\ / -------------------------------------------------------------------
>  /_\/_\ ** jay@postech.ac.kr                 http://home.postech.ac.kr/~jay
>    \/   ** Jaeyoung Kim      Computer Science & Engineering, POSTECH, KOREA
> 
> _______________________________________________
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> http://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/diffserv-interest

-- 
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Brian E Carpenter 
Distinguished Engineer, Internet Standards & Technology, IBM 
On assignment for IBM at http://www.iCAIR.org 
Board Chairman, Internet Society http://www.isoc.org

"We shall need a number of efficient librarian types 
 to keep us in order." - Alan Turing, 1947.

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From diffserv-interest-admin@ietf.org  Thu Aug 30 11:03:45 2001
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From: John Tillberg <John.E.Tillberg@telia.se>
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Subject: [Diffserv-interest] DiffServ over ATM
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Hello DiffServers!
I'm currently doing some simulations (using Opnet) of IP over ATM where I
use WFQ to differentiate between two separate traffic classes on a network
with low bandwidth links (2 Mbps). It appears that the WFQ mechanism doesn't
have any significant impact on the performance of the network. No matter how
I tune the weights, or even if I overload some of the links, I get almost
zero delay for both of my queues. However I do get delay on the ATM layer
(and I am aware of that I have to map my IP QoS classes onto proper ATM QoS
classes). I presume this is because the forwarding speed on the IP layer is
much higher than the bandwidth of the network. Hence every (conforming)
incoming packet will receive service on the IP layer (i.e. sent down to the
lower layers) right away even if there is a state of congestion on the ATM
layer. Have I misunderstood the matter? If not: Is this the same case for
DiffServ? Does the effect of the IP-packet scheduler get  "disabled" in a
similar manner when you run DiffServ over ATM? 
Yours Sincerely

John Tillberg 

*********************************************************************
John Tillberg
Telia Research AB 	Phone:  +46 8-713 82 07
Wireless Solutions	Fax:       +46 8-713 81 49
Vitsandsgatan 9           	Mobile:  +46 702-43 43 90
SE-123 86 Farsta      	Email:  John.E.Tillberg@telia.se	
Sweden                 	

********************************************************************


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From diffserv-interest-admin@ietf.org  Thu Aug 30 11:53:46 2001
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From: "Jeff Norman" <jnorman@nortelnetworks.com>
Reply-To: "Jeff Norman" <jnorman@nortelnetworks.com>
Subject: re:[Diffserv-interest] DiffServ over ATM
To: John Tillberg <John.E.Tillberg@telia.se>
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John,
  I know others may disagree or agree with me, but IMHO, queuing on
multiple queues based on IP QoS/CoS/DiffServ and then queuing on
another set of multiple queues based on ATM service categories is
somewhat redundant.

Typically it's one or the other, or if both do exist then the ATM queues
should be applying back-pressure onto the IP queues such that packets
can get differentiated and conditioned by the IP queues as well.

It looks like to me in your situation, the back-pressure isn't happening.

Best Regards,
--Jeff


In message "[Diffserv-interest] DiffServ over ATM", John Tillberg writes:

>Hello DiffServers!
>I'm currently doing some simulations (using Opnet) of IP over ATM where I
>use WFQ to differentiate between two separate traffic classes on a network
>with low bandwidth links (2 Mbps). It appears that the WFQ mechanism doesn't
>have any significant impact on the performance of the network. No matter how
>I tune the weights, or even if I overload some of the links, I get almost
>zero delay for both of my queues. However I do get delay on the ATM layer
>(and I am aware of that I have to map my IP QoS classes onto proper ATM QoS
>classes). I presume this is because the forwarding speed on the IP layer is
>much higher than the bandwidth of the network. Hence every (conforming)
>incoming packet will receive service on the IP layer (i.e. sent down to the
>lower layers) right away even if there is a state of congestion on the ATM
>layer. Have I misunderstood the matter? If not: Is this the same case for
>DiffServ? Does the effect of the IP-packet scheduler get  "disabled" in a
>similar manner when you run DiffServ over ATM? 
>Yours Sincerely
>
>John Tillberg 
>
>*********************************************************************
>John Tillberg
>Telia Research AB 	Phone:  +46 8-713 82 07
>Wireless Solutions	Fax:       +46 8-713 81 49
>Vitsandsgatan 9           	Mobile:  +46 702-43 43 90
>SE-123 86 Farsta      	Email:  John.E.Tillberg@telia.se	
>Sweden                 	
>
>********************************************************************
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>Diffserv-interest mailing list
>Diffserv-interest@ietf.org
>http://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/diffserv-interest
>



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From diffserv-interest-admin@ietf.org  Thu Aug 30 14:41:06 2001
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Date: Thu, 30 Aug 2001 13:32:46 -0500
From: Brian E Carpenter <brian@hursley.ibm.com>
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Subject: Re: [Diffserv-interest] DiffServ over ATM
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I agree with Jeff. The intent of diffserv is make it unnecessary to mess 
around with parallel ATM VCs and the like - diffserv shares a single pipe
among multiple traffic classes. If each diffserv queue has its own VC,
diffserv is probably a no-op. Also, it's no surprise that IP forwarding is 
not a bottleneck on such slow links.

Now you know why some of us think that running ATM over wireless is
really, really pointless.

  Brian

Jeff Norman wrote:
> 
> John,
>   I know others may disagree or agree with me, but IMHO, queuing on
> multiple queues based on IP QoS/CoS/DiffServ and then queuing on
> another set of multiple queues based on ATM service categories is
> somewhat redundant.
> 
> Typically it's one or the other, or if both do exist then the ATM queues
> should be applying back-pressure onto the IP queues such that packets
> can get differentiated and conditioned by the IP queues as well.
> 
> It looks like to me in your situation, the back-pressure isn't happening.
> 
> Best Regards,
> --Jeff
> 
> In message "[Diffserv-interest] DiffServ over ATM", John Tillberg writes:
> 
> >Hello DiffServers!
> >I'm currently doing some simulations (using Opnet) of IP over ATM where I
> >use WFQ to differentiate between two separate traffic classes on a network
> >with low bandwidth links (2 Mbps). It appears that the WFQ mechanism doesn't
> >have any significant impact on the performance of the network. No matter how
> >I tune the weights, or even if I overload some of the links, I get almost
> >zero delay for both of my queues. However I do get delay on the ATM layer
> >(and I am aware of that I have to map my IP QoS classes onto proper ATM QoS
> >classes). I presume this is because the forwarding speed on the IP layer is
> >much higher than the bandwidth of the network. Hence every (conforming)
> >incoming packet will receive service on the IP layer (i.e. sent down to the
> >lower layers) right away even if there is a state of congestion on the ATM
> >layer. Have I misunderstood the matter? If not: Is this the same case for
> >DiffServ? Does the effect of the IP-packet scheduler get  "disabled" in a
> >similar manner when you run DiffServ over ATM?
> >Yours Sincerely
> >
> >John Tillberg
> >
> >*********************************************************************
> >John Tillberg
> >Telia Research AB      Phone:  +46 8-713 82 07
> >Wireless Solutions     Fax:       +46 8-713 81 49
> >Vitsandsgatan 9                Mobile:  +46 702-43 43 90
> >SE-123 86 Farsta       Email:  John.E.Tillberg@telia.se
> >Sweden

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