From matt@advanced.org  Tue Aug  1 00:59:16 2000
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Subject: delay calculation
From: "C. Zhang" <chongz@cs.ualberta.ca>
To: ippm@advanced.org
Date:   Mon, 31 Jul 2000 22:47:06 -0600 (MDT)
Cc: chongz@cs.ualberta.ca (C. Zhang)
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Hi all experts,
   If my client sends several tcp packets (say P1,P2,P3)
   very closely, TCP stack combines them into one message, 
   then send it to my server. Now at server I want to calculate 
   the delay of each packet. Since I only have one timestamp t, 
   which is the arrival time of the "chuck" message, how can I 
   calculate the different arrival time for the several packets? 
   
   If the packet sizes are L1, L2 and L3, is it correct to say that:
      	the arrival time of P1 is (t - (L2 + L3)/B ),
      	the arrival time of P2 is (t - L3/B ), 
      	the arrival time of P3 is t, 
   where B is the bandwidth of the link?

   Best regards,
   -Chong



From matt@advanced.org  Tue Aug  1 01:37:06 2000
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From: "Conrad C. Nobili" <Conrad_Nobili@harvard.edu>
X-Sender: conrad@Conrad.Harvard.EDU
To: "C. Zhang" <chongz@cs.ualberta.ca>
cc: ippm@advanced.org
Subject: Re: delay calculation
In-Reply-To: <20000801044714Z434151-4247+231@scapa.cs.ualberta.ca>
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Well, I'm not exactly sure what you're trying to measure, since
your terminology is a bit, uh, "creative".  ;-)  But it sounds
like the bottom line is that one packet is sent and that same
one packet is recieved.  So there is only one packet delay and
the bandwidth of the link, transmission onto the link, and even
the link itself would seem to be completely irrelevant to your
interest.  It sounds like you're trying to figure out something
about serialization delay of TCP segments passing through your
client's TCP stack perhaps?  Is there some way you can design a
simpler experiment just using one client machine?  I'm afraid I
can't offer any real help as I can't really figure out what you
are trying to get at here.

But I hope this might in some remote way be at least a little
bit helpful.  Best of luck,

--cn

Conrad C. Nobili  Conrad_Nobili@Harvard.EDU  Harvard University NDTL/NOC

On Mon, 31 Jul 2000, C. Zhang wrote:

> Hi all experts,
>    If my client sends several tcp packets (say P1,P2,P3)
>    very closely, TCP stack combines them into one message, 
>    then send it to my server. Now at server I want to calculate 
>    the delay of each packet. Since I only have one timestamp t, 
>    which is the arrival time of the "chuck" message, how can I 
>    calculate the different arrival time for the several packets? 
>    
>    If the packet sizes are L1, L2 and L3, is it correct to say that:
>       	the arrival time of P1 is (t - (L2 + L3)/B ),
>       	the arrival time of P2 is (t - L3/B ), 
>       	the arrival time of P3 is t, 
>    where B is the bandwidth of the link?
> 
>    Best regards,
>    -Chong



From matt@advanced.org  Tue Aug  1 13:41:38 2000
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Date: Tue, 01 Aug 2000 13:18:37 -0400
To: "C. Zhang" <chongz@cs.ualberta.ca>
From: Scott Marcus <smarcus@genuity.com>
Subject: Re: delay calculation
Cc: ippm@advanced.org, chongz@cs.ualberta.ca (C. Zhang)
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At 22:47 07/31/2000 -0600, C. Zhang wrote:
>Hi all experts,
>   If my client sends several tcp packets (say P1,P2,P3)
>   very closely, TCP stack combines them into one message, 
>   then send it to my server. Now at server I want to calculate 
>   the delay of each packet. Since I only have one timestamp t, 
>   which is the arrival time of the "chuck" message, how can I 
>   calculate the different arrival time for the several packets? 
>   
>   If the packet sizes are L1, L2 and L3, is it correct to say that:
>      	the arrival time of P1 is (t - (L2 + L3)/B ),
>      	the arrival time of P2 is (t - L3/B ), 
>      	the arrival time of P3 is t, 
>   where B is the bandwidth of the link?



As was previously noted, it depends on what you are trying to achieve with
your measurements.  But subtracting an estimate of the theoretical minimum
clocking delay for P2 and P3 (as you appear to be doing) probably makes no
sense, since your TCP implementation will not see the  the contents of P1
and P2  nor release them to the application until the whole P1/P2/P3 packet
has been received.  For practical purposes, the whole packet arrives at
once.



From matt@advanced.org  Wed Aug  2 14:08:03 2000
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From: Grotefeld Glenn-cecl03 <G.Grotefeld@motorola.com>
To: "'Scott Marcus'" <smarcus@genuity.com>,
        "C. Zhang"
	 <chongz@cs.ualberta.ca>
Cc: ippm@advanced.org, chongz@cs.ualberta.ca
Subject: RE: delay calculation
Date: Wed, 2 Aug 2000 12:53:13 -0500 
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I agree with Mr. Marcus.  Essentially, all three packets get a received
timestamp of t, no adjustments.

Glenn Grotefeld

Motorola, Inc.
g.grotefeld@motorola.com
US  847 576-5992
      847 538-7455  FAX


~-----Original Message-----
~From: Scott Marcus [mailto:smarcus@genuity.com]
~Sent: Tuesday, August 01, 2000 12:19 PM
~To: C. Zhang
~Cc: ippm@advanced.org; chongz@cs.ualberta.ca
~Subject: Re: delay calculation
~
~
~At 22:47 07/31/2000 -0600, C. Zhang wrote:
~>Hi all experts,
~>   If my client sends several tcp packets (say P1,P2,P3)
~>   very closely, TCP stack combines them into one message, 
~>   then send it to my server. Now at server I want to calculate 
~>   the delay of each packet. Since I only have one timestamp t, 
~>   which is the arrival time of the "chuck" message, how can I 
~>   calculate the different arrival time for the several packets? 
~>   
~>   If the packet sizes are L1, L2 and L3, is it correct to say that:
~>      	the arrival time of P1 is (t - (L2 + L3)/B ),
~>      	the arrival time of P2 is (t - L3/B ), 
~>      	the arrival time of P3 is t, 
~>   where B is the bandwidth of the link?
~
~
~
~As was previously noted, it depends on what you are trying to 
~achieve with
~your measurements.  But subtracting an estimate of the 
~theoretical minimum
~clocking delay for P2 and P3 (as you appear to be doing) 
~probably makes no
~sense, since your TCP implementation will not see the  the 
~contents of P1
~and P2  nor release them to the application until the whole 
~P1/P2/P3 packet
~has been received.  For practical purposes, the whole packet arrives at
~once.
~



From matt@advanced.org  Sat Aug  5 04:21:37 2000
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Subject: RE: delay calculation
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You also make the assumption that the packets are received in order.  Since
one of the TCP layer's function is to reassemble IP packets into a datagram,
it will hide the IP layer properties from you.  I also agree with Marcus.

One thing I have done to keep the measurement meaniful is to keep everything
at the same layer.  If I am doing an L3 measurement, the setup parameters,
the transmit and receive timestamps, and the results are done at L3.

You might want to move your measurement to L4.  Send a L4 datagram with a
single timestamp.  Your server will put a single timestamp on the receive.
This will give you a meaningful L4 measurement.  Remember the L3 measurement
hides the L1 and L2 properties.  This L4 measurement will hide the L1, L2
ans L3 properties.


-----Original Message-----
From: Scott Marcus [mailto:smarcus@genuity.com]
Sent: Tuesday, August 01, 2000 10:19 AM
To: C. Zhang
Cc: ippm@advanced.org; chongz@cs.ualberta.ca
Subject: Re: delay calculation


At 22:47 07/31/2000 -0600, C. Zhang wrote:
>Hi all experts,
>   If my client sends several tcp packets (say P1,P2,P3)
>   very closely, TCP stack combines them into one message, 
>   then send it to my server. Now at server I want to calculate 
>   the delay of each packet. Since I only have one timestamp t, 
>   which is the arrival time of the "chuck" message, how can I 
>   calculate the different arrival time for the several packets? 
>   
>   If the packet sizes are L1, L2 and L3, is it correct to say that:
>      	the arrival time of P1 is (t - (L2 + L3)/B ),
>      	the arrival time of P2 is (t - L3/B ), 
>      	the arrival time of P3 is t, 
>   where B is the bandwidth of the link?



As was previously noted, it depends on what you are trying to achieve with
your measurements.  But subtracting an estimate of the theoretical minimum
clocking delay for P2 and P3 (as you appear to be doing) probably makes no
sense, since your TCP implementation will not see the  the contents of P1
and P2  nor release them to the application until the whole P1/P2/P3 packet
has been received.  For practical purposes, the whole packet arrives at
once.

------_=_NextPart_001_01BFFEB3.FF886C38
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	charset="iso-8859-1"
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charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META NAME=3D"Generator" CONTENT=3D"MS Exchange Server version =
5.5.2650.12">
<TITLE>RE: delay calculation</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>You also make the assumption that the packets are =
received in order.&nbsp; Since one of the TCP layer's function is to =
reassemble IP packets into a datagram, it will hide the IP layer =
properties from you.&nbsp; I also agree with Marcus.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>One thing I have done to keep the measurement =
meaniful is to keep everything at the same layer.&nbsp; If I am doing =
an L3 measurement, the setup parameters, the transmit and receive =
timestamps, and the results are done at L3.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>You might want to move your measurement to L4.&nbsp; =
Send a L4 datagram with a single timestamp.&nbsp; Your server will put =
a single timestamp on the receive.&nbsp; This will give you a =
meaningful L4 measurement.&nbsp; Remember the L3 measurement hides the =
L1 and L2 properties.&nbsp; This L4 measurement will hide the L1, L2 =
ans L3 properties.</FONT></P>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>-----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>From: Scott Marcus [<A =
HREF=3D"mailto:smarcus@genuity.com">mailto:smarcus@genuity.com</A>]</FON=
T>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Sent: Tuesday, August 01, 2000 10:19 AM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>To: C. Zhang</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Cc: ippm@advanced.org; chongz@cs.ualberta.ca</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Subject: Re: delay calculation</FONT>
</P>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>At 22:47 07/31/2000 -0600, C. Zhang wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;Hi all experts,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; If my client sends several tcp =
packets (say P1,P2,P3)</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; very closely, TCP stack combines =
them into one message, </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; then send it to my server. Now at =
server I want to calculate </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; the delay of each packet. Since I =
only have one timestamp t, </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; which is the arrival time of the =
&quot;chuck&quot; message, how can I </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; calculate the different arrival =
time for the several packets? </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; If the packet sizes are L1, L2 and =
L3, is it correct to say that:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; the arrival =
time of P1 is (t - (L2 + L3)/B ),</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; the arrival =
time of P2 is (t - L3/B ), </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; the arrival =
time of P3 is t, </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; where B is the bandwidth of the =
link?</FONT>
</P>
<BR>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>As was previously noted, it depends on what you are =
trying to achieve with</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>your measurements.&nbsp; But subtracting an estimate =
of the theoretical minimum</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>clocking delay for P2 and P3 (as you appear to be =
doing) probably makes no</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>sense, since your TCP implementation will not see =
the&nbsp; the contents of P1</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>and P2&nbsp; nor release them to the application =
until the whole P1/P2/P3 packet</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>has been received.&nbsp; For practical purposes, the =
whole packet arrives at</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>once.</FONT>
</P>

</BODY>
</HTML>
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From matt@advanced.org  Mon Aug  7 23:11:48 2000
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From: Nevil Brownlee <n.brownlee@auckland.ac.nz>
Date: Tue, 8 Aug 2000 11:59:23 +0000
To: ippm@advanced.org
Subject: Long IP paths
In-Reply-To: <199908140620.XAA02805@daffy.ee.lbl.gov>
References: <199908140620.XAA02805@daffy.ee.lbl.gov>
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Hello all:

I was asked this question today - can anyone comment on this,
please?

Cheers, Nevil

> Date: Mon, 7 Aug 2000 14:32:01 -0700 (PDT)
> From: Bradley Huffaker <bhuffake@SDSC.EDU>
> To: nevil@caida.org
> Subject: Long IP paths
>
> I have been looking at IP paths which are longer then 30 hops 
> and was wondering if there are any references in papers where 
> they make the assumption that paths are shorter than 30 hops.  
> Any help would be apprecated.
>
> Brad

+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Nevil Brownlee                     Director, Technology Development |
| Phone: +64 9 373 7599 x8941        ITSS, The University of Auckland |
|   FAX: +64 9 373 7021      Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------L



From matt@advanced.org  Wed Aug  9 15:23:42 2000
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From: Lijun Qian <ljqian@ece.rutgers.edu>
To: ippm@advanced.org
cc: Anwar Elwalid <anwar@lucent.com>,
        Indra Widjaja <Indra.Widjaja@tddny.fujitsu.com>
Subject: Measurement protocol for one-way performance metrics
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Hi, all, here are some explanations about our approach of measurement
protocol for one-way performance metrics presented at the IETF meeting.
A protocol which measures one-way performance metrics(loss, delay, etc.)
in REAL TIME is indispensible in many cases, for example, Traffic
Engineering.

Q: How to get one-way packet loss?

A:    The source encodes a Source Sequence Number to notify the
      destination how many probe packets have been transmitted by the
      source. The destination encodes a destination Sequence Number
      to notify the source how many probe packets have been received
      by the destination so far.

      When a probe reply packet returns, the source is able to
      estimate the one-way packet loss rate based on the two
      sequence numbers encoded in the probe reply packet. The
      detailed procedure is included in Appendix 1 in
      <draft-elwalid-icmp-ext-01.txt>. (We just submitted it to IETF, it
      should be available soon. In the mean time, you could download
      it from my homepage.)

Q: What if there is packet loss in the reverse channel?

A:
      The mechanism is fault tolerant against losses in the reverse
      channel, since the source will update one-way packet loss
      rate based on the information in the most recent reply.

Suggestions, comments are welcomed.

Lijun
********************************************************************
Lijun Qian
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering
Rutgers University
Piscataway, NJ 08854
Phone:
      (732)445-0679(Office)
Email:ljqian@ece.rutgers.edu
Web:  http://www.eden.rutgers.edu/~ljqian
********************************************************************



From matt@advanced.org  Fri Aug 11 12:59:02 2000
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From: Grotefeld Glenn-cecl03 <G.Grotefeld@motorola.com>
To: "'Perser, Jerry'" <Jerry_Perser@NetcomSystems.com>,
        "'ippm@advanced.org'" <ippm@advanced.org>
Subject: RE: delay calculation
Date: Fri, 11 Aug 2000 11:45:38 -0500
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For the purpose of Network Performance Measurement for Periodic Streams
(npmps), we expect most test usage to be RTP/UDP rather than TCP.  This I-D
is very keenly interested in "in order" ("out of sequence") packets.
 

Glenn Grotefeld 

Motorola, Inc. 
g.grotefeld@motorola.com 
US  847 576-5992 
      847 538-7455  FAX 

-----Original Message-----
From: Perser, Jerry [mailto:Jerry_Perser@NetcomSystems.com]
Sent: Saturday, August 05, 2000 3:06 AM
To: 'ippm@advanced.org'
Subject: RE: delay calculation



You also make the assumption that the packets are received in order.  Since
one of the TCP layer's function is to reassemble IP packets into a datagram,
it will hide the IP layer properties from you.  I also agree with Marcus.

One thing I have done to keep the measurement meaniful is to keep everything
at the same layer.  If I am doing an L3 measurement, the setup parameters,
the transmit and receive timestamps, and the results are done at L3.

You might want to move your measurement to L4.  Send a L4 datagram with a
single timestamp.  Your server will put a single timestamp on the receive.
This will give you a meaningful L4 measurement.  Remember the L3 measurement
hides the L1 and L2 properties.  This L4 measurement will hide the L1, L2
ans L3 properties.


-----Original Message----- 
From: Scott Marcus [ mailto:smarcus@genuity.com <mailto:smarcus@genuity.com>
] 
Sent: Tuesday, August 01, 2000 10:19 AM 
To: C. Zhang 
Cc: ippm@advanced.org; chongz@cs.ualberta.ca 
Subject: Re: delay calculation 


At 22:47 07/31/2000 -0600, C. Zhang wrote: 
>Hi all experts, 
>   If my client sends several tcp packets (say P1,P2,P3) 
>   very closely, TCP stack combines them into one message, 
>   then send it to my server. Now at server I want to calculate 
>   the delay of each packet. Since I only have one timestamp t, 
>   which is the arrival time of the "chuck" message, how can I 
>   calculate the different arrival time for the several packets? 
>   
>   If the packet sizes are L1, L2 and L3, is it correct to say that: 
>       the arrival time of P1 is (t - (L2 + L3)/B ), 
>       the arrival time of P2 is (t - L3/B ), 
>       the arrival time of P3 is t, 
>   where B is the bandwidth of the link? 



As was previously noted, it depends on what you are trying to achieve with 
your measurements.  But subtracting an estimate of the theoretical minimum 
clocking delay for P2 and P3 (as you appear to be doing) probably makes no 
sense, since your TCP implementation will not see the  the contents of P1 
and P2  nor release them to the application until the whole P1/P2/P3 packet 
has been received.  For practical purposes, the whole packet arrives at 
once. 


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<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">


<TITLE>RE: delay calculation</TITLE>
<META content='"MSHTML 4.72.3612.1706"' name=GENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<DIV><SPAN class=234184216-11082000><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2>For 
the purpose of Network Performance Measurement for Periodic Streams (npmps), we 
expect most test usage to be RTP/UDP rather than TCP.&nbsp; This I-D is very 
keenly interested in &quot;in order&quot; (&quot;out of sequence&quot;) 
packets.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<P><B><I><FONT face=Verdana size=4>Glenn Grotefeld</FONT></I></B><I></I> </P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">Motorola, Inc.</FONT> <BR><FONT 
face="Times New Roman">g.grotefeld@motorola.com</FONT> <BR><FONT 
face="Times New Roman">US&nbsp; 847 576-5992</FONT> <BR><FONT 
face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 847 538-7455&nbsp; 
FAX</FONT> </P>
<BLOCKQUOTE 
style="BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff solid 2px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px">
    <DIV align=left class=OutlookMessageHeader DIR = LTR><FONT face=Tahoma 
    size=2>-----Original Message-----<BR><B>From:</B> Perser, Jerry 
    [mailto:Jerry_Perser@NetcomSystems.com]<BR><B>Sent:</B> Saturday, August 05, 
    2000 3:06 AM<BR><B>To:</B> 'ippm@advanced.org'<BR><B>Subject:</B> RE: delay 
    calculation<BR><BR></FONT></DIV>
    <P><FONT size=2>You also make the assumption that the packets are received 
    in order.&nbsp; Since one of the TCP layer's function is to reassemble IP 
    packets into a datagram, it will hide the IP layer properties from 
    you.&nbsp; I also agree with Marcus.</FONT></P>
    <P><FONT size=2>One thing I have done to keep the measurement meaniful is to 
    keep everything at the same layer.&nbsp; If I am doing an L3 measurement, 
    the setup parameters, the transmit and receive timestamps, and the results 
    are done at L3.</FONT></P>
    <P><FONT size=2>You might want to move your measurement to L4.&nbsp; Send a 
    L4 datagram with a single timestamp.&nbsp; Your server will put a single 
    timestamp on the receive.&nbsp; This will give you a meaningful L4 
    measurement.&nbsp; Remember the L3 measurement hides the L1 and L2 
    properties.&nbsp; This L4 measurement will hide the L1, L2 ans L3 
    properties.</FONT></P><BR>
    <P><FONT size=2>-----Original Message-----</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>From: 
    Scott Marcus [<A 
    href="mailto:smarcus@genuity.com">mailto:smarcus@genuity.com</A>]</FONT> 
    <BR><FONT size=2>Sent: Tuesday, August 01, 2000 10:19 AM</FONT> <BR><FONT 
    size=2>To: C. Zhang</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>Cc: ippm@advanced.org; 
    chongz@cs.ualberta.ca</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>Subject: Re: delay 
    calculation</FONT> </P><BR>
    <P><FONT size=2>At 22:47 07/31/2000 -0600, C. Zhang wrote:</FONT> <BR><FONT 
    size=2>&gt;Hi all experts,</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; If my 
    client sends several tcp packets (say P1,P2,P3)</FONT> <BR><FONT 
    size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; very closely, TCP stack combines them into one 
    message, </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; then send it to my server. 
    Now at server I want to calculate </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
    the delay of each packet. Since I only have one timestamp t, 
    </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; which is the arrival time of the 
    &quot;chuck&quot; message, how can I </FONT><BR><FONT 
    size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; calculate the different arrival time for the several 
    packets? </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><BR><FONT 
    size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; If the packet sizes are L1, L2 and L3, is it correct 
    to say that:</FONT> <BR><FONT 
    size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; the arrival time of P1 is (t 
    - (L2 + L3)/B ),</FONT> <BR><FONT 
    size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; the arrival time of P2 is (t 
    - L3/B ), </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
    the arrival time of P3 is t, </FONT><BR><FONT size=2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; where 
    B is the bandwidth of the link?</FONT> </P><BR><BR>
    <P><FONT size=2>As was previously noted, it depends on what you are trying 
    to achieve with</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>your measurements.&nbsp; But 
    subtracting an estimate of the theoretical minimum</FONT> <BR><FONT 
    size=2>clocking delay for P2 and P3 (as you appear to be doing) probably 
    makes no</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>sense, since your TCP implementation will 
    not see the&nbsp; the contents of P1</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>and P2&nbsp; 
    nor release them to the application until the whole P1/P2/P3 packet</FONT> 
    <BR><FONT size=2>has been received.&nbsp; For practical purposes, the whole 
    packet arrives at</FONT> <BR><FONT size=2>once.</FONT> 
</P></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

------_=_NextPart_001_01C003B3.93D960A0--



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From matt@advanced.org  Mon Aug 21 16:41:59 2000
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From: Ajay Uggirala <auggiral@iprg.nokia.com>
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Hi

I am looking for tools to measure the peformance of the routers
(particularly the security features). So it would very helpful if anyone
can refer to me some tools or direct me to sites where a comparision of
the available tools has been made. 

Thanks in Advance
Ajay Uggirala



From matt@advanced.org  Mon Aug 28 15:30:12 2000
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From: "Lloyd Gibson" <jerryg26@hotmail.com>
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Subject: Secrets of New Millonaires
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Date: Mon, 28 Aug 2000 14:18:47


Secrets of New Millonaires



>

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> > > >>orders for REPORT # 1. Your goal is to "RECEIVE at
> > > >>least 20 ORDERS FOR REPORT # 1 WITHIN 2 WEEKS. IF YOU
> > > >>DON'T, SEND OUT MORE PROGRAMS UNTIL YOU DO!"
> > > >>
> > > >> My first step in making $50,000 in 90 days was done. By January
> > > >>30, I
> > > >>had received 196 orders for REPORT # 2. Your goal is to
> > > >>"RECEIVE AT LEAST 100+ ORDERS FOR REPORT # 2 WITHIN 2
> > > >>WEEKS. IF NOT, SEND OUT MORE PROGRAMS UNTIL YOU DO.
> > > >>ONCE YOU HAVE 100 ORDERS, THE REST IS EASY, RELAX, YOU
> > > >>WILL MAKE YOUR $50,000 GOAL." Well, I had 196 orders
> > > >>for REPORT # 296 more than I needed. So I sat back and
> > > >>relaxed. By March 1, of my e-mailing of 10,000, I
> > > >>received $58,000 with more coming in every day.
> > > >>
> > > >> I paid off ALL my debts and bought a much needed
> > > >>new car. Please take your time to read the attached
> > > >>program, IT WILL CHANGE YOUR LIFE FOREVER!!!
> > > >>
> > > >> Remember, it won't work if you don't try it. This
> > > >>program does work, but you must follow it EXACTLY!
> > > >>Especially the rules of not trying to place your name
> > > >>in a different place. It won't work and you'll lose
> > > >>out on a lot of money!
> > > >>
> > > >> In order for this program to work, you must meet
> > > >>your goal of 20 + orders for REPORT # 1, and 100 + orders
> > > >>for REPORT # 2 and you will make $50,000 or more in 90
> > > >>days. I AM LIVING PROOF THAT IT WORKS!!!
> > > >>
> > > >> If you choose not to participate in this program, I
> > > >>am sorry. It really is a great opportunity with little
> > > >>cost or risk to you. If you choose to participate,
> > > >>follow the program and you will be on your way to
> > > >>financial security. If you are a fellow business owner
> > > >>and are in financial trouble like I was, or you want
> > > >>to start your own business, consider this a sign.
> > > >>
> > > >> I DID!
> > > >>
> > > >> Sincerely,
> > > >> Johnathon Rourke
> > > >>
> > > >>
> > > 
>>~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~
> > > >>~~
> > > >>
> > > >> A PERSONAL NOTE FROM THE ORIGINATOR OF THIS
> > > >>PROGRAM:
> > > >>
> > > >> By the time you have read the enclosed program and
> > > >>reports, you should have concluded that such a
> > > >>program, and one that is legal, could not have been
> > > >>created by an amateur.
> > > >>
> > > >> Let me tell you a little about myself. I had a
> > > >>profitable business for 10 years. Then in 1979 my
> > > >>business began falling off. I was doing the same
> > > >>things that were previously successful for me, but it
> > > >>wasn't working. Finally, I figured it out. It wasn't me, it
> > > >>was the economy. Inflation and recession had replaced
> > > >>the stable economy that had been with us since 1945.
> > > >>
> > > >> I don't have to tell you what happened to the
> > > >>unemployment rate... because many of you know from
> > > >>first hand experience. There were more failures and
> > > >>bankruptcies than ever before. The middle class was
> > > >>vanishing. Those who knew what they were doing
> > > >>invested wisely and moved up. Those who did not,
> > > >>including those who never had anything to save or
> > > >>invest, were moving down into the ranks of the poor.
> > > >>
> > > >> As the saying goes, "THE RICH GET RICHER AND THE POOR
> > > >>GET POORER." The traditional methods of making money
> > > >>will never allow you to "move up" or "get rich", inflation will
> > > >>see to that.
> > > >>
> > > >> You have just received information that can give
> > > >>you financial freedom for the rest of your life, with
> > > >>"NO RISK" and "JUST A LITTLE BIT OF EFFORT." You can
> > > >>make more money in the next few months than you have
> > > >>ever imagined. I should also point out that I will not see
> > > >>a penny of this money, nor anyone else who has
> > > >>provided a testimonial for this program. I have
> > > >>already made over 4 MILLION DOLLARS! I have retired
> > > >>from the program after sending thousands and thousands
> > > >>of programs.
> > > >>
> > > >>Follow the program EXACTLY AS INSTRUCTED.
> > > >>Do not change it in any way. It works exceedingly well
> > > >>as it is now. Remember to e-mail a copy of this
> > > >>exciting report to everyone you can think of. One of the people
> > > >>you
> > > >>send this to may send out 50,000...and your name will be on
> > > >>every one of them!
> > > >>
> > > >> Remember though, the more you send out the more
> > > >>potential customers you will reach.
> > > >>
> > > >> So my friend, I have given you the ideas,
> > > >>information, materials and opportunity to become
> > > >>financially independent. IT IS UP TO YOU NOW!
> > > >>
> > > >> "THINK ABOUT IT"
> > > >>
> > > >> Before you delete this program from your mailbox,
> > > >>as I almost did, take a little time to read it and
> > > >>REALLY THINK ABOUT IT. Get a pencil and figure out
> > > >>what could happen when YOU participate. Figure out the
> > > >>worst possible response and no matter how you
> > > >>calculate it, you will still make a lot of money! You
> > > >>will definitely get back what you invested. Any doubts
> > > >>you have will vanish when your first orders come in.
> > > >>IT WORKS!
> > > >>
> > > >> Jody Jacobs
> > > >> Richmond, VA
> > > >>
> > > >> HERE'S HOW THIS AMAZING PROGRAM WILL MAKE YOU
> > > >>THOUSANDS OF DOLLAR$
> > > >>
> > > >> INSTRUCTIONS:
> > > >>
> > > >> This method of raising capital REALLY WORKS 100%
> > > >>EVERY TIME. I am sure that you could use up to $50,000
> > > >>or more in the next 90 days. Before you say "BULL...
> > > >>", please read this program carefully.
> > > >>
> > > >> This is not a chain letter, but a perfectly legal
> > > >>money making opportunity. Basically, this is what you
> > > >>do: As with all multi-level businesses, we build our
> > > >>business by recruiting new partners and selling our
> > > >>products. Every state in the USA allows you to recruit
> > > >>new multi-level business partners, and we offer a
> > > >>product for EVERY dollar sent.
> > > >>
> > > >> YOUR ORDERS COME BY MAIL AND ARE FILLED BY E-MAIL,
> > > >>so you are not involved in personal selling. You do it
> > > >>privately in your own home, store or office. This is
> > > >>the GREATEST Multi-Level Mail Order Marketing
> > > >>anywhere.
> > > >>
> > > >> This is what you MUST do:
> > > >>
> > > >> 1. Order all 4 reports shown on the list below (you
> > > >>can't sell them if you don't order them).
> > > >>
> > > >> -- For each report, send $5.00 CASH, the NAME &
> > > >>NUMBER OF THE REPORT YOU ARE ORDERING, YOUR E-MAIL
> > > >>ADDRESS, and YOUR NAME & RETURN ADDRESS (in case of a
> > > >>problem) to the person whose name appears on the list
> > > >>next to the report.
> > > >>
> > > >> MAKE SURE YOUR RETURN ADDRESS IS ON YOUR ENVELOPE
> > > >>IN CASE OF ANY MAIL PROBLEMS!
> > > >>
> > > >> -- When you place your order, make sure you order
> > > >>each of the four reports. You will need all four
> > > >>reports so that you can save them on your computer and
> > > >>resell them.
> > > >>
> > > >> -- Within a few days you will receive, via e-mail,
> > > >>each of the four reports. Save them on your computer
> > > >>so they will be accessible for you to send to the
> > > >>1,000's of people who will order them from you.
> > > >>
> > > >> 2. IMPORTANT DO NOT alter the names of the people
> > > >>who are listed next to each report, or their sequence
> > > >>on the list, in any way other than is instructed below
> > > >>in steps "a" through "f" or you will lose out on the
> > > >>majority of your profits. Once you understand the
> > > >>way this works, you'll also see how it doesn't work if
> > > >>you change it. Remember, this method has been tested,
> > > >>and if you alter it, it will not work.
> > > >>
> > > >> a. Look below for the listing of available reports.
> > > >>
> > > >> b. After you've ordered the four reports, take this
> > > >>advertisement and remove the name and address under
> > > >>REPORT # 4. This person has made it through the cycle
> > > >>and is no doubt counting their $50,000!
> > > >>
> > > >> c. Move the name and address under REPORT # 3 down
> > > >>to REPORT # 4.
> > > >>
> > > >> d. Move the name and address under REPORT # 2 down
> > > >>to REPORT # 3.
> > > >>
> > > >> e. Move the name and address under REPORT # 1 down
> > > >>to REPORT # 2.
> > > >>
> > > >> f. Insert your name/address in the REPORT # 1
> > > >>position.
> > > >>
> > > >> Please make sure you COPY ALL INFORMATION, every
> > > >>name and address, ACCURATELY!
> > > >>
> > > >> 3. Take this entire letter, including the modified
> > > >>list of names, and save it to your computer. Make NO
> > > >>changes to the instruction portion of this letter.
> > > >>
> > > >> Your cost to participate in this is practically
> > > >>nothing (surely you can afford $20). You obviously
> > > >>already have an Internet connection and
> > > >>e-mail is FREE!
> > > >>
> > > >> There are two primary methods of building your
> > > >>downline:
> > > >>
> > > >> METHOD # 1: SENDING BULK E-MAIL
> > > >>
> > > >> Let's say that you decide to start small, just to
> > > >>see how it goes, and we'll assume you and all those
> > > >>involved send out only 2,000 programs each. Let's
> > > >>also assume that the mailing receives a 0.5% response.
> > > >>Using a good list the response could be much better.
> > > >>Also, many people will send out hundreds of thousands
> > > >>of programs instead of 2,000. But continuing with this
> > > >>example, you send out only 2,000 programs. With a 0.5%
> > > >>response, that is only 10 orders for REPORT # 1. Those
> > > >>10 people respond by sending out 2,000 programs each
> > > >>for a total of 20,000. Out of those 0.5%, 100 people
> > > >>respond and order REPORT # 2. Those 100 mail out 2,000
> > > >>programs each for a total of 200,000. The 0.5%
> > > >>response to that are 1,000 orders for REPORT # 3. Those
> > > >>1,000 send out 2,000 programs each for a 2,000,000
> > > >>total.
> > > >>
> > > >>The 0.5% response to that are 10,000 orders for REPORT # 4.
> > > >>That's 10,000 $5 bills for you. CASH!!! Your total
> > > >>income in this example is $50 + $500 + $5,000 + $50,000
> > > >>for a total of $55,550!!! REMEMBER FRIEND, THIS IS
> > > >>ASSUMING 1,990 OUT OF THE 2,000 PEOPLE YOU MAIL TO
> > > >>WILL DO ABSOLUTELY NOTHING AND TRASH THIS PROGRAM!
> > > >>DARE TO THINK FOR A MOMENT WHAT WOULD HAPPEN IF
> > > >>EVERYONE, OR HALF SENT OUT 100,000 PROGRAMS INSTEAD OF
> > > >>2,000. Believe me, many people will do just that, and
> > > >>more! By the way, your cost to participate in this is
> > > >>practically nothing. You obviously already have an
> > > >>Internet connection and e-mail is FREE!!!
> > > >>
> > > >> REPORT # 2 will show you the best methods for bulk
> > > >>e-mailing; tell you where to obtain free bulk e-mail
> > > >>software and where to obtain e-mail lists.
> > > >>
> > > >> METHOD # 2 - PLACING FREE ADS ON THE INTERNET
> > > >>
> > > >> Advertising on the Internet is very, very
> > > >>inexpensive, and there are HUNDREDS of FREE places to
> > > >>advertise. Let's say you decide to start small just to
> > > >>see how well it works. Assume your goal is to get ONLY
> > > >>10 people to participate on your first level. (Placing
> > > >>a lot of FREE ads on the Internet will EASILY get a
> > > >>larger response.) Also assume that everyone else in
> > > >>YOUR ORGANIZATION gets ONLY 10 downline members.
> > > >>Follow this example to achieve the STAGGERING results
> > > >>below:
> > > >>
> > > >> 1st level--your 10 members with
> > > >> $5.......................................$50
> > > >>
> > > >> 2nd level--10 members from those 10
> > > >> ($5 x 100)..................$500
> > > >>
> > > >> 3rd level--10 members from those 100
> > > >> ($5 x 1,000)...........$5,000
> > > >>
> > > >> 4th level--10 members from those 1,000
> > > >> ($5 x 10,000).....$50,000
> > > >>
> > > >> THIS TOTALS ----------$55,550
> > > >>
> > > >> Remember friends, this assumes that the people who
> > > >>participate only recruit 10 people each. Think for a
> > > >>moment what would happen if they got 20 people to
> > > >>participate! Most people get 100's of participants!
> > > >>
> > > >> THINK ABOUT IT! For every $5.00 you receive, all
> > > >>you must do is e-mail them the report they ordered.
> > > >>THAT'S IT! ALWAYS PROVIDE SAME-DAY SERVICE ON ALL
> > > >>ORDERS! This will guarantee that the e-mail THEY send
> > > >>out with YOUR name and address on it will be prompt
> > > >>because they can't advertise until they receive the
> > > >>report!
> > > >>
> > > >> AVAILABLE REPORTS
> > > >>
> > > >> *** Order Each REPORT by NUMBER and NAME ***
> > > >> Notes:
> > > >>
> > > >> -- ALWAYS SEND $5 CASH (U.S. CURRENCY) FOR EACH
> > > >>REPORT. CHECKS NOT
> > > >>ACCEPTED.
> > > >>
> > > >> -- ALWAYS SEND YOUR ORDER VIA FIRST CLASS MAIL.
> > > >>
> > > >> Make sure the cash is concealed by wrapping it in at least two
> > > >>sheets of paper.
> > > >>On one of those sheets of paper, include:
> > > >>
> > > >> (a) the number & name of the report you are ordering,
> > > >>
> > > >> (b) your e-mail address, and
> > > >>
> > > >> (c) your name & postal address.
> > > >>
> > > >>
> > > >> ## PLACE YOUR ORDER FOR THESE REPORTS NOW:
> > > >>
> > > >> REPORT # 1 "The Insider's Guide to Advertising for
> > > >>Free on the Internet"
> > > >>
> > > >> ORDER REPORT FROM: # 1 FROM:
> > > >>Jerry G Enterprisess
> > > >> 19007 CopperMine RD. Rogers AR. 72756
> > > >> REPORT # 2 "The Insider's Guide to Sending Bulk
> > > >>E-mail on the Internet"
> > > >>
> > > >> ORDER REPORT # 2 FROM:
> > > >>Nitro Marketing
> > > >> 29250 Hwy. HH
> > > >> Sedalia, MO 65301
> > > >>> > > >>
> > > >> REPORT # 3 "The Secrets to Multilevel Marketing on
> > > >>the Internet"
> > > >>Jerry Bradford
> > > >> P.O. Box 366
> > > >> Cole Camp, MO 65235
> > > >> 
> > > >>> > > >>
> > > >> REPORT # 4 "How to become a Millionaire utilizing
> > > >>the Power of Multilevel Marketing and the Internet"
> > > >>> > > >>> ORDER REport # 4 From> > > >> > > >
> > > >>
> > > >> > > >> Derald Ewing
> > > >> 4000 Hyde Park Ave. Apt. # 83
> > > >> Columbia, MO 65201
> > > >> 
> > > >>
> > > >> About 50,000 new people get online every month!
> > > >>
> > > >> ******* TIPS FOR SUCCESS *******
> > > >>
> > > >> -- TREAT THIS AS YOUR BUSINESS! Be prompt,
> > > >>professional, and follow the directions accurately.
> > > >>
> > > >> -- Send for the four reports IMMEDIATELY so you
> > > >>will have them when the orders start coming in
> > > >>because: When you receive a $5 order, you MUST send
> > > >>out the requested product/report.
> > > >>
> > > >> -- ALWAYS PROVIDE SAME-DAY SERVICE ON THE ORDERS
> > > >>YOU RECEIVE.
> > > >>
> > > >> -- Be patient and persistent with this program. If
> > > >>you follow the instructions exactly, your results WILL
> > > >>BE SUCCESSFUL!
> > > >>
> > > >> -- ABOVE ALL, HAVE FAITH IN YOURSELF AND KNOW YOU
> > > >>WILL SUCCEED!
> > > >>
> > > >> ******* YOUR SUCCESS GUIDELINES *******
> > > >>
> > > >> Follow these guidelines to guarantee your success:
> > > >>
> > > >> If you don't receive 20 orders for REPORT # 1 within
> > > >>two weeks, continue advertising or sending e-mails
> > > >>until you do. Then, a couple of weeks later you should
> > > >>receive at least 100 orders for REPORT # 2. If you
> > > >>don't, continue advertising or sending e-mails until you do.
> > > >>Once you have received 100 or more orders for REPORT
> > > >># 2, YOU CAN RELAX, because the system is already
> > > >>working for you, and the cash will continue to roll in!
> > > >>
> > > >> THIS IS IMPORTANT TO REMEMBER:
> > > >>
> > > >> Every time your name is moved down on the list, you
> > > >>are placed in front of a DIFFERENT report. You can
> > > >>KEEP TRACK of your PROGRESS by watching which report
> > > >>people are ordering from you. If you want to generate
> > > >>more income, send another batch of e-mails or continue
> > > >>placing ads and start the whole process again! There
> > > >>is no limit to the income you will generate from this
> > > >>business! Before you make your decision as to whether
> > > >>or not you participate in this program. Please answer
> > > >>one question. DO YOU WANT TO CHANGE YOUR LIFE? If the
> > > >>answer is yes, please look at the following facts
> > > >>about this program:
> > > >>
> > > >> 1. You are selling a product which does not Cost
> > > >>anything to PRODUCE, SHIP OR ADVERTISE.
> > > >>
> > > >> 2. All of your customers pay you in CASH!
> > > >>
> > > >> 3. E-mail is without question the most powerful
> > > >>method of distributing information on earth. This
> > > >>program combines the distribution power of e-mail
> > > >>together with the revenue generating power of
> > > >>multi-level marketing.
> > > >>
> > > >> 4. Your only expense--other than your initial $20
> > > >>investment--is your time!
> > > >>
> > > >> 5. Virtually all of the income you generate from
> > > >>this program is PURE PROFIT!
> > > >>
> > > >> 6. This program will change your LIFE FOREVER.
> > > >> ACT NOW! Take your first step toward achieving
> > > >>financial independence. Order the reports and follow
> > > >>the program outlined above--SUCCESS will be
> > > >>your reward.
> > > >>
> > > >> Thank you for your time and consideration.
> > > >>
> > > >> PLEASE NOTE: If you need help with starting a
> > > >>business, registering a business name, learning how
> > > >>income tax is handled, etc., contact your local
> > > >>office of the Small Business Administration (a
> > > >>Federal Agency)1-800-827-5722 for free help and
> > > >>answers to questions.
> > > >>
> > > >>Also, the Internal Revenue Service
> > > >>offers free help via telephone and free seminars about
> > > >>business tax requirements. Your earnings are highly
> > > >>dependant on your activities and advertising. The information
> > > >>contained on this site and in the report constitutes
> > > >>no guarantees neither stated nor implied. In the event that it
> > > >>is determined that this site or report constitutes a
> > > >>guarantee of any kind, that guarantee is now void. The
> > > >>earnings amounts listed on this site and in the
> > > >>report are estimates only. If you have any questions
> > > >>of the legality of this program, contact the Office of
> > > >>Associate Director for Marketing Practices, Federal
> > > >>Trade Commission, and Bureau of
> > > >>Consumer Protection in Washington, DC.
> > > >>
> > > >>
> > > >>/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
> > > >> ONE TIME MAILING, NO NEED TO REMOVE
> > > >>
> > > >>/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
> > > >>
> > > >>
> > > >>********************************************************
> > > >> This message is sent in compliance of the proposed
> > > >>bill:SECTION 301.
> > > >> Per Section 301, Paragraph (a)(2)(C) of S. 1618,
> > > >> further transmissions to you by the sender of this
> > > >>email may be stopped at no cost to you by sending a
> > > >>reply to this email address with the word remove in
> > > >>the
> > > >>subject line. This message is not intended for
> > > >>residents in the State of Washington, screening of
> > > >>addresses has been done to the best of our technical
> > > >>ability. If you are a Washington, Virginia, or
> > > >>California resident or otherwise wish to be removed
> > > >>from this list, further transmissions to you by the
> > > >>sender of this email may be stopped at no cost to you
> > > >>by sending a reply to this email address with the word
> > > >>remove in the subject line.
> > > >>
> > > >>*********************************************************
> > > >>
> > > >>
> > > >>
> > > >>
> > > >>
> > > >>
> > > >>
> > > >>
> > > >
> > >
> > >
_______________________________________________________________________
_
> > > Get Your Private, Free E-mail from MSN Hotmail at
http://www.hotmail.com
> > >
> >
>

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